Forced labour and migration to the UK

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Issues Coupled With International Assignments

Last month we presented key findings relating to trends in the usage of new forms of international working and highlighted some of the managerial control issues facing international HR managers. This month, Jelena Petrovic from CReME, looks in more detail at the people and management issues associated with each type of international assignment. These new types of international assignments include short-term, international commuter and frequent flyer assignments. Short-term assignments are defined as an assignment with a specified duration, usually less than one year, where the family may accompany the employee. An international commuter is an employee who commutes from the home country to a place of work in another country, usually on a weekly or bi-weekly basis, while the family remains at home. A frequent flyer is an employee who undertakes frequent international business trips but does not relocate.Published in Croner’s “Managing Internationally Mobile Employees” Issue No5 and reproduced with their permission. www.croner.cch.co.u

On Link Estimation in Dense RPL Deployments

The Internet of Things vision foresees billions of devices to connect the physical world to the digital world. Sensing applications such as structural health monitoring, surveillance or smart buildings employ multi-hop wireless networks with high density to attain sufficient area coverage. Such applications need networking stacks and routing protocols that can scale with network size and density while remaining energy-efficient and lightweight. To this end, the IETF RoLL working group has designed the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL). This paper discusses the problems of link quality estimation and neighbor management policies when it comes to handling high densities. We implement and evaluate different neighbor management policies and link probing techniques in Contiki’s RPL implementation. We report on our experience with a 100-node testbed with average 40-degree density. We show the sensitivity of high density routing with respect to cache sizes and routing metric initialization. Finally, we devise guidelines for design and implementation of density-scalable routing protocols

BIOTECHNOLOGY AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE ISSUES

International Relations/Trade,

International Cooperation on Trade and Labor Issues

The relationship between the labor market and international trade is a broad and complex subject that has been the focus of significant attention in recent years. Discussion and analysis in this area has covered a number of discrete issues, including the effect of shifting trade patterns on employment levels and earnings in domestic markets, the impact of wage levels and labor legislation on the location of production facilities, and the positive and negative aspects of the cross-border movement of workers, among others. The continuing importance of labor issues within the larger trade debate is highlighted by the inclusion of measures relating to labor standards and/or the cross-border movement of workers in recent bilateral and multilateral trade agreements such as the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS), and the U.S.–Oman Free Trade Agreement. This paper aims to provide background for future work on trade-related labor issues by describing how labor issues such as internationally recognized labor standards and the cross-border movement of workers have been addressed by international organizations, as well as in U.S. trade legislation and recent trade agreements

International Issues

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/88855/1/1989_International_Issues_5-9-89.pd

Food safety issues in international trade

"While not trade measures per se, food safety regulations and standards can impede trade and significantly affect the ability of developing countries to access markets, particularly in industrialized countries. In part, this reflects the growing use of these measures globally in response to the rapid increase in scientific and technical understanding of food-borne hazards to human health." from TextFood safety ,food security ,Public health ,

The International Criminal Court: Current Issues and Perspectives

The creation of a permanent international criminal court (ICC) has been seen as a desirable objective for a long time, but its implementation is hampered by controversy. Proponents of the court believe that the ICC has great potential to render justice in cases of genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity, and to deter the future perpetration of those crimes. Skeptics question the wisdom of placing the power to adjudicate highly politically charged cases into the hands of an international tribunal