784 research outputs found
Homogenized yarn-level cloth
We present a method for animating yarn-level cloth effects using a thin-shell solver. We accomplish this through numerical homogenization: we first use a large number of yarn-level simulations to build a model of the potential energy density of the cloth, and then use this energy density function to compute forces in a thin shell simulator. We model several yarn-based materials, including both woven and knitted fabrics. Our model faithfully reproduces expected effects like the stiffness of woven fabrics, and the highly deformable nature and anisotropy of knitted fabrics. Our approach does not require any real-world experiments nor measurements; because the method is based entirely on simulations, it can generate entirely new material models quickly, without the need for testing apparatuses or human intervention. We provide data-driven models of several woven and knitted fabrics, which can be used for efficient simulation with an off-the-shelf cloth solver
Unravelling the Mechanics of Knitted Fabrics Through Hierarchical Geometric Representation
Knitting interloops one-dimensional yarns into three-dimensional fabrics that
exhibit behaviours beyond their constitutive materials. How extensibility and
anisotropy emerge from the hierarchical organization of yarns into knitted
fabrics has long been unresolved. We sought to unravel the mechanical roles of
tensile mechanics, assembly and dynamics arising from the yarn level on fabric
nonlinearity by developing a yarn-based dynamical model. This physically
validated model captures the fundamental mechanical response of knitted
fabrics, analogous to flexible metamaterials and biological fiber networks due
to geometric nonlinearity within such hierarchical systems. We identify the
dictating factors of the mechanics of knitted fabrics, highlighting the
previously overlooked but critical effect of pre-tension. Fabric anisotropy
originates from observed yarn--yarn rearrangements during alignment dynamics
and is topology-dependent. This yarn-based model also provides design
flexibility of knitted fabrics to embed functionalities by allowing variation
in both geometric configuration and material property. Our hierarchical
approach to build up a knitted fabrics computationally modernizes an ancient
craft and represents a first step towards mechanical programmability of knitted
fabrics in wide engineering applications
An investigation into the feasibility of the integration of microwave circuitry into a woven textile
To investigate the integration of a textile antenna into a woven substrate at the point of production. The antenna was to have the characteristics of a conventional fabric interms of the handle and drape
Neural Metamaterial Networks for Nonlinear Material Design
Nonlinear metamaterials with tailored mechanical properties have applications
in engineering, medicine, robotics, and beyond. While modeling their
macromechanical behavior is challenging in itself, finding structure parameters
that lead to ideal approximation of high-level performance goals is a
challenging task. In this work, we propose Neural Metamaterial Networks (NMN)
-- smooth neural representations that encode the nonlinear mechanics of entire
metamaterial families. Given structure parameters as input, NMN return
continuously differentiable strain energy density functions, thus guaranteeing
conservative forces by construction. Though trained on simulation data, NMN do
not inherit the discontinuities resulting from topological changes in finite
element meshes. They instead provide a smooth map from parameter to performance
space that is fully differentiable and thus well-suited for gradient-based
optimization. On this basis, we formulate inverse material design as a
nonlinear programming problem that leverages neural networks for both objective
functions and constraints. We use this approach to automatically design
materials with desired strain-stress curves, prescribed directional stiffness
and Poisson ratio profiles. We furthermore conduct ablation studies on network
nonlinearities and show the advantages of our approach compared to native-scale
optimization
Characterizing and predicting the self-folding behavior of weft-knit fabrics
This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from SAGE Publications via the DOI in this recordSelf-folding behavior is an exciting property of weft knit fabrics that can be created using
just front and back stitches. This behavior is easy to create, but not easy to anticipate and currently
cannot be predicted by existing computer aided design (CAD) software that controls the CNC
knitting machines. This work identifies the edge deformation behaviors that lead to self-folding in
weft knits, and methods to characterize the mechanical forces driving these behaviors with regard
to chosen manufacturing parameters. With this data and analysis of the fabric deformations, the
self-folding behavior was purposely controlled using calculated scaling factors. Furthermore,
theoretical equations were developed to mathematically predict these scaling factors, minimizing
the trial and error required to design with self-folding behavior and create textiles with novel
engineered properties. By understanding the mechanisms responsible for creating these threedimensional self-folding textiles, they can then be designed in a programmable manner for use in
technical applications.National Science FoundationUS Army Manufacturing Technology Program (US Army DEVCOM
Technology enablers for the implementation of Industry 4.0 to traditional manufacturing sectors: A review
The traditional manufacturing sectors (footwear, textiles and clothing, furniture and toys, among others) are based on small and medium enterprises with limited capacity on investing in modern production technologies. Although these sectors rely heavily on product customization and short manufacturing cycles, they are still not able to take full advantage of the fourth industrial revolution. Industry 4.0 surfaced to address the current challenges of shorter product life-cycles, highly customized products and stiff global competition. The new manufacturing paradigm supports the development of modular factory structures within a computerized Internet of Things environment. With Industry 4.0, rigid planning and production processes can be revolutionized. However, the computerization of manufacturing has a high degree of complexity and its implementation tends to be expensive, which goes against the reality of SMEs that power the traditional sectors. This paper reviews the main scientific-technological advances that have been developed in recent years in traditional sectors with the aim of facilitating the transition to the new industry standard.This research was supported by the Spanish Research Agency (AEI) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) under the project CloudDriver4Industry TIN2017-89266-R
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