15,492 research outputs found
Methods, algorithms and computer codes for calculation of electron-impact excitation parameters
We describe the computer codes, developed at Vilnius University, for the
calculation of electron-impact excitation cross sections, collision strengths,
and excitation rates in the plane-wave Born approximation. These codes utilize
the multireference atomic wavefunctions which are also adopted to calculate
radiative transition parameters of complex many-electron ions. This leads to
consistent data sets suitable in plasma modelling codes. Two versions of
electron scattering codes are considered in the present work, both of them
employing configuration interaction method for inclusion of correlation effects
and Breit-Pauli approximation to account for relativistic effects. These
versions differ only by one-electron radial orbitals, where the first one
employs the non-relativistic numerical radial orbitals, while another version
uses the quasirelativistic radial orbitals. The accuracy of produced results is
assessed by comparing radiative transition and electron-impact excitation data
for neutral hydrogen, helium and lithium atoms as well as highly-charged
tungsten ions with theoretical and experimental data available from other
sources.Comment: Lithuan. J. Physic
Prioritising the care of critically ill children: a pilot study using SCREEN reduces clinic waiting times
Objective In low-resource settings, childhood mortality secondary to delays in triage and treatment remains high. This paper seeks to evaluate the impact of the novel Sick Children Require Emergency Evaluation Now (SCREEN) tool on the waiting times of critically ill children who present for care to primary healthcare clinics in Cape Town, South Africa. Methods We used a pre/postevaluation study design to calculate the median waiting times of all children who presented to four randomly chosen clinics for 5 days before, and 5 days after, the implementation of SCREEN. Findings The SCREEN programme resulted in statistical and clinically significant reductions in waiting times for children with critical illness to see a professional nurse (2 hours 45 min to 1 hour 12 min; p<0.001). There was also a statistically significant reduction in the proportion of children who left without being seen by a professional nurse (25.8% to 18.48%; p<0.001). Conclusions SCREEN is a novel programme that uses readily available laypersons, trained to make a subjective assessment of children arriving at primary healthcare centres, and provides a low cost, simple methodology to prioritise children and reduce waiting times in low-resource healthcare clinics
Tourism and the smartphone app: capabilities, emerging practice and scope in the travel domain.
Based on its advanced computing capabilities and ubiquity, the smartphone has rapidly been adopted as a tourism travel tool.With a growing number of users and a wide varietyof applications emerging, the smartphone is fundamentally altering our current use and understanding of the transport network and tourism travel. Based on a review of smartphone apps, this article evaluates the current functionalities used in the domestic tourism travel domain and highlights where the next major developments lie. Then, at a more conceptual level, the article analyses how the smartphone mediates tourism travel and the role it might play in more collaborative and dynamic travel decisions to facilitate sustainable travel. Some emerging research challenges are discussed
Enhancing pharmaceutical packaging through a technology ecosystem to facilitate the reuse of medicines and reduce medicinal waste
The idea of reusing dispensed medicines is appealing to the general public provided its benefits are illustrated, its risks minimized, and the logistics resolved. For example, medicine reuse could help reduce medicinal waste, protect the environment and improve public health. However, the associated technologies and legislation facilitating medicine reuse are generally not available. The availability of suitable technologies could arguably help shape stakeholders’ beliefs and in turn, uptake of a future medicine reuse scheme by tackling the risks and facilitating the practicalities. A literature survey is undertaken to lay down the groundwork for implementing technologies on and around pharmaceutical packaging in order to meet stakeholders’ previously expressed misgivings about medicine reuse (’stakeholder requirements’), and propose a novel ecosystem for, in effect, reusing returned medicines. Methods: A structured literature search examining the application of existing technologies on pharmaceutical packaging to enable medicine reuse was conducted and presented as a narrative review. Results: Reviewed technologies are classified according to different stakeholders’ requirements, and a novel ecosystem from a technology perspective is suggested as a solution to reusing medicines. Conclusion: Active sensing technologies applying to pharmaceutical packaging using printed electronics enlist medicines to be part of the Internet of Things network. Validating the quality and safety of returned medicines through this network seems to be the most effective way for reusing medicines and the correct application of technologies may be the key enabler
Roadmap on optical security
Postprint (author's final draft
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