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Knitwear customisation as repeated redesign
Producing large numbers of garment variants will only be economically viable if it requires very little human effort. But garment customisation cannot always be fully automated. Applying grading rules maintain the same details but sometimes achieves a different overall effect; but the customer expects the same overall effect and is less concerned about details. Choosing between alternative customisations requires a human designer's trained perceptual judgement. Therefore a viable mass customisation support system must support the repeated redesign of a garment by combining automatic design with fast human editing. Evaluating and modifying the suggestions of others is a natural and efficient activity for designers. This paper describes two prototype automatic design systems exploring techniques that could be used for mass customisation of knitted garments – in which the shape and patterns are indivisibly linked. An early pattern placing system that automatically altered both shape and pattern parameters in a variety of alternative ways. A shape design system that generates technically correct and consistent garment shapes from a set of measurements and a verbal description; it works independently of sizes, recalculating the shape for each new set of measurements. Starting from the system's suggestions, designers can very quickly tweak the new design to fulfil their aesthetic intentions
Webs of activity in online course design and teaching
In this study, we followed three faculty members' experiences with designing and teaching online courses for the first time. In order to complete the activity, the faculty members had to work -collaboratively with others across the university. Activity theory provided a framework within which to study faculty members' collaborative activities with members of different activity systems that had different goals, tools, divisions of labor and accountabilities. In concordance with activity theory, such differences led to contradictions, disturbances, and transformations in thinking and work activities. The results of the study have implications for individuals and systems undertaking technology integration in teaching
Family of 2-simplex cognitive tools and their application for decision-making and its justifications
Urgency of application and development of cognitive graphic tools for usage
in intelligent systems of data analysis, decision making and its justifications
is given. Cognitive graphic tool "2-simplex prism" and examples of its usage
are presented. Specificity of program realization of cognitive graphics tools
invariant to problem areas is described. Most significant results are given and
discussed. Future investigations are connected with usage of new approach to
rendering, cross-platform realization, cognitive features improving and
expanding of n-simplex family.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figures, conferenc
Complex Economic Systems: Using Collective Intentionality Analysis to Explain Individual ldentity in Networks
Une approche particulière de l\u27analyse de économies vues comme des systèmes complexes étudie l\u27interaction entre les individus dans des réseaus locaux ou de voisinage qui sont un sous-ensemble des économies plus larges. En rejetant la vision traditionnelle des fondations microéconomiques de la relation entre le comportement économique individuel et agrégé comme s\u27influençant réciproquement. Ce papier étudie la conception des réseaux de l\u27individu interactif utilisée dans l\u27analyse d\u27Alan Kirman (2001) dans le cadre de relations de loyauté entre les acheteurs et les vendeurs sur le marché aux poissons de Marseille, en utilisant le cadre du test d\u27identité que j\u27ai appliqué précédemment à la conception atomistique standard de l\u27individu [Davis (2003c)]. Pour ce faire, le papier interprète l\u27individu interactif dans les termes de l\u27analyse de l\u27intention collective et d\u27engagements communs tel qu\u27ils ont été considérés par Margaret Gilbert. Il donne alors en premier lieu une explication sur la formation par les acheteurs et vendeurs d\u27engagements communs, tout restant quand même des individus distincts, et, deuxièmement, argumente qu\u27à travers le temps les individus ainsi compris peuvent également être reidentifiés comme des être distincts. Le papier montre ainsi que le cadre d\u27analyse des réseaux présente une approche pertinente des individus compris en termes de relations sociales qui émergent au travers d\u27engagements communs.
One approach to the analysis of economies as complex systems investigates interaction between individuals in local networks or neighborhoods that are subsets of larger economies. Rejecting the traditional microfoundations view of the relation between individual and aggregate economic behavior, network approaches explain individual and aggregate behavior as mutually influencing. This paper investigates the network conception of the interactive individual as employed in Alan Kirman\u27s (2001) analysis of loyalty relationships between buyers and sellers in the Marseille fish market using the identity test framework I previously applied to the standard atomistic conception of the individual [Davis (2003c)]. To do so, the paper interprets the interactive individual in terms of collective intentionality analysis and joint commitments, as understood by Margaret Gilbert. It then, first, gives an explanation of how buyers and sellers can form joint commitments and yet still remain distinct individuals, and, second, argues that over time individuals thus understood can also be re-identified as distinct individuals. The paper thus presents the network framework as offering a viable account of individuals understood in terms of social relationships that emerge out of joint commitments
A dynamic-epistemic hybrid logic for intentions and information changes in strategic games
In this paper I present a dynamic-epistemic hybrid logic for reasoning about information and intention changes in situations of strategic interaction. I provide a complete axiomatization for this logic, and then use it to study intentions-based transformations of decision problems
Sleeping with the enemy? : strategic transformations in business - NGO relationships through stakeholder dialogue
Campaigning activities of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) have increased public awareness and concern regarding the alleged unethical and environmentally damaging practices of many major multinational companies. Companies have responded by developing corporate social responsibility strategies to demonstrate their commitment to both the societies within which they function and to the protection of the natural environment. This has often involved a move towards greater transparency in company practice and a desire to engage with stakeholders, often including many of the campaign organisations that have been at the forefront of the criticisms of their activity. This article examines the ways in which stakeholder dialogue has impacted upon the relationships between NGOs and businesses. In doing so, it contributes to the call for more ‘stakeholder-focused’ research in this field (Frooman in Acad Manag Rev 24(2): 191–205, 1999; Steurer in Bus Strategy Environ 15: 15–69 2006). By adopting a stakeholder lens, and focusing more heavily upon the impact on one particular stakeholder community (NGOs) and looking in depth at one form of engagement (stakeholder dialogue), this article examines how experiences of dialogue are strategically transforming interactions between businesses and NGOs. It shows how experiences of stakeholder dialogue have led to transformations in the drivers for engagement, transformations in the processes of engagement and transformations in the terms of engagement. Examining these areas of transformation, the article argues, reveals the interactions at play in framing and shaping the evolving relationships between business and its stakeholders
Open source environment to define constraints in route planning for GIS-T
Route planning for transportation systems is strongly related to shortest path algorithms, an optimization problem extensively studied in the literature. To find the shortest path in a network one usually assigns weights to each branch to represent the difficulty of taking such branch. The weights construct a linear preference function ordering the variety of alternatives from the most to the least attractive.Postprint (published version
Synchronous Online Philosophy Courses: An Experiment in Progress
There are two main ways to teach a course online: synchronously or asynchronously. In an asynchronous course, students can log on at their convenience and do the course work. In a synchronous course, there is a requirement that all students be online at specific times, to allow for a shared course environment. In this article, the author discusses the strengths and weaknesses of synchronous online learning for the teaching of undergraduate philosophy courses. The author discusses specific strategies and technologies he uses in the teaching of online philosophy courses. In particular, the author discusses how he uses videoconferencing to create a classroom-like environment in an online class
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