22,210 research outputs found
The Urban Political Ecology of Post-industrial Scottish Towns: Examining Greengairs and Ravenscraig
Urban ecological politics is shaped by both moments of concerted action and more silent perceptions and responses. Instead of only being evident in situations of organised protest, the politics of urban ecology is also manifested, in material and symbolic terms, in the daily life of the residents. The fragmentation of urban political ecology turns out to be an important element in the affirmation of post-political forms of urban governance. Those issues were the object of fieldwork research carried out in Greengairs and Ravenscraig, two towns in North Lanarkshire, near Glasgow, with the goal of unravelling the understanding and the coping mechanisms of environmentally deprived residents. The towns are permeated by a widespread, often dissimulated, political ecology that is nonetheless always present. Empirical results demonstrate that a more comprehensive handling of the political ecology of the urban is crucial in order to halt the sources of marginalisation and ecological degradation
Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation via Progressive Patch Learning
Most of the existing semantic segmentation approaches with image-level class
labels as supervision, highly rely on the initial class activation map (CAM)
generated from the standard classification network. In this paper, a novel
"Progressive Patch Learning" approach is proposed to improve the local details
extraction of the classification, producing the CAM better covering the whole
object rather than only the most discriminative regions as in CAMs obtained in
conventional classification models. "Patch Learning" destructs the feature maps
into patches and independently processes each local patch in parallel before
the final aggregation. Such a mechanism enforces the network to find weak
information from the scattered discriminative local parts, achieving enhanced
local details sensitivity. "Progressive Patch Learning" further extends the
feature destruction and patch learning to multi-level granularities in a
progressive manner. Cooperating with a multi-stage optimization strategy, such
a "Progressive Patch Learning" mechanism implicitly provides the model with the
feature extraction ability across different locality-granularities. As an
alternative to the implicit multi-granularity progressive fusion approach, we
additionally propose an explicit method to simultaneously fuse features from
different granularities in a single model, further enhancing the CAM quality on
the full object coverage. Our proposed method achieves outstanding performance
on the PASCAL VOC 2012 dataset e.g., with 69.6$% mIoU on the test set), which
surpasses most existing weakly supervised semantic segmentation methods. Code
will be made publicly available here https://github.com/TyroneLi/PPL_WSSS.Comment: TMM2022 accepte
Segment Anything is A Good Pseudo-label Generator for Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation
Weakly supervised semantic segmentation with weak labels is a long-lived
ill-posed problem. Mainstream methods mainly focus on improving the quality of
pseudo labels. In this report, we attempt to explore the potential of 'prompt
to masks' from the powerful class-agnostic large segmentation model,
segment-anything. Specifically, different weak labels are used as prompts to
the segment-anything model, generating precise class masks. The class masks are
utilized to generate pseudo labels to train the segmentation networks. We have
conducted extensive experiments on PASCAL VOC 2012 dataset. Experiments
demonstrate that segment-anything can serve as a good pseudo-label generator.
The code will be made publicly available.Comment: Technical repor
Identification of Kelvin waves: numerical challenges
Kelvin waves are expected to play an essential role in the energy dissipation
for quantized vortices. However, the identification of these helical
distortions is not straightforward, especially in case of vortex tangle. Here
we review several numerical methods that have been used to identify Kelvin
waves within the vortex filament model. We test their validity using several
examples and estimate whether these methods are accurate enough to verify the
correct Kelvin spectrum. We also illustrate how the correlation dimension is
related to different Kelvin spectra and remind that the 3D energy spectrum E(k)
takes the form 1/k in the high-k region, even in the presence of Kelvin waves.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures. The final publication is available at
http://www.springerlink.co
Relaciones entre historia de las matemáticas y formación de ingenieros
Integrating historical and epistemological aspects of Newton and Leibniz's mathematics to what is generally known as Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (FTC), allows to improve accessibility to engineering students (understanding it in the college context as "a tool for the preparation of professionals" [1]) to this mathematical object. Indeed, the way Newton and Leibniz found this theorem was a result that emerged when they were solving a problem [2]–[4] this is in conformity with the need of engineering to design artifacts that work in practice, fulfilling the purpose and specifications that motivated it [5]. This writing seeks to collaborate with the transition from Newton and Leibniz's scientific knowledge to current pedagogical knowledge, proposing a new entry to this theorem, via the GeoGebra software. Three relations of the FTC will be presented: its relation with current and previous university textbooks; the FTC in the works of Newton and Leibniz; and, finally, the history and teaching practices of engineering trainers.Integrar aspectos históricos y epistemológicos de las matemáticas de Newton y de Leibniz en lo que actualmente conocemos como Teorema Fundamental del Cálculo (TFC), permite mejorar la accesibilidad (entendiéndola como “una herramienta para la preparación de profesionales” [1]) de los estudiantes de ingeniería a este objeto matemático, por cuanto Newton y Leibniz se relacionaron con este teorema como un resultado que emergió al resolver un problema [2]–[4], en concordancia con la necesidad de la ingeniería de diseñar artefactos que funcionen en la práctica, cumpliendo con el propósito y especificaciones que lo motivaron [5]. Este escrito busca entonces colaborar con el tránsito del conocimiento científico de Newton y Leibniz al saber pedagógico actual, proponiendo una nueva entrada a dicho teorema, vía el software GeoGebra. Se presentarán tres relaciones del TC: su relación con los textos universitarios actuales y precedentes; el TFC en los trabajos de Newton y de Leibniz; y, por último, la historia y las prácticas docentes de los formadores de ingenieros
Making visible the invisible through the analysis of acknowledgements in the humanities
Purpose: Science is subject to a normative structure that includes how the
contributions and interactions between scientists are rewarded. Authorship and
citations have been the key elements within the reward system of science,
whereas acknowledgements, despite being a well-established element in scholarly
communication, have not received the same attention. This paper aims to put
forward the bearing of acknowledgements in the humanities to bring to the
foreground contributions and interactions that, otherwise, would remain
invisible through traditional indicators of research performance.
Design/methodology/approach: The study provides a comprehensive framework to
understanding acknowledgements as part of the reward system with a special
focus on its value in the humanities as a reflection of intellectual
indebtedness. The distinctive features of research in the humanities are
outlined and the role of acknowledgements as a source of contributorship
information is reviewed to support these assumptions.
Findings: Peer interactive communication is the prevailing support thanked in
the acknowledgements of humanities, so the notion of acknowledgements as
super-citations can make special sense in this area. Since single-authored
papers still predominate as publishing pattern in this domain, the study of
acknowledgements might help to understand social interactions and intellectual
influences that lie behind a piece of research and are not visible through
authorship.
Originality/value: Previous works have proposed and explored the prevailing
acknowledgement types by domain. This paper focuses on the humanities to show
the role of acknowledgements within the reward system and highlight publication
patterns and inherent research features which make acknowledgements
particularly interesting in the area as reflection of the socio-cognitive
structure of research.Comment: 14 page
A Survey on Label-efficient Deep Image Segmentation: Bridging the Gap between Weak Supervision and Dense Prediction
The rapid development of deep learning has made a great progress in image
segmentation, one of the fundamental tasks of computer vision. However, the
current segmentation algorithms mostly rely on the availability of pixel-level
annotations, which are often expensive, tedious, and laborious. To alleviate
this burden, the past years have witnessed an increasing attention in building
label-efficient, deep-learning-based image segmentation algorithms. This paper
offers a comprehensive review on label-efficient image segmentation methods. To
this end, we first develop a taxonomy to organize these methods according to
the supervision provided by different types of weak labels (including no
supervision, inexact supervision, incomplete supervision and inaccurate
supervision) and supplemented by the types of segmentation problems (including
semantic segmentation, instance segmentation and panoptic segmentation). Next,
we summarize the existing label-efficient image segmentation methods from a
unified perspective that discusses an important question: how to bridge the gap
between weak supervision and dense prediction -- the current methods are mostly
based on heuristic priors, such as cross-pixel similarity, cross-label
constraint, cross-view consistency, and cross-image relation. Finally, we share
our opinions about the future research directions for label-efficient deep
image segmentation.Comment: Accepted to IEEE TPAM
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