5 research outputs found

    Graph Orientation and Flows Over Time

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    Flows over time are used to model many real-world logistic and routing problems. The networks underlying such problems -- streets, tracks, etc. -- are inherently undirected and directions are only imposed on them to reduce the danger of colliding vehicles and similar problems. Thus the question arises, what influence the orientation of the network has on the network flow over time problem that is being solved on the oriented network. In the literature, this is also referred to as the contraflow or lane reversal problem. We introduce and analyze the price of orientation: How much flow is lost in any orientation of the network if the time horizon remains fixed? We prove that there is always an orientation where we can still send 13\frac{1}{3} of the flow and this bound is tight. For the special case of networks with a single source or sink, this fraction is 12\frac12 which is again tight. We present more results of similar flavor and also show non-approximability results for finding the best orientation for single and multicommodity maximum flows over time

    Airport management: taxi planning,

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    Abstract The Taxi Planning studies the aircraft routing and scheduling on the airport ground. This is a dynamic problem, which must be updated almost every time that a new aircraft enters or exits the system. Taxi Planning has been modelled using a linear multicommodity flow network model with side constraints and binary variables. The flow capacity constraints are used to represent the conflicts and competence between aircrafts using a given airport capacity. The "Branch and Bound" and "Fix and Relax" methodologies have been used. The computational tests have been run at the Madrid-Barajas airport, using actual data from the airport traffic. Keywords Aircraft routing and scheduling · Taxi Planning · Airport management · Binary capacitated multicommodity flow network · Branch and Bound · Fix and Relax

    Algorithme de branch-and-price-and-cut pour le problème de conception de réseaux avec coûts fixes, capacités et un seul produit

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    De nombreux problèmes liés aux domaines du transport, des télécommunications et de la logistique peuvent être modélisés comme des problèmes de conception de réseaux. Le problème classique consiste à transporter un flot (données, personnes, produits, etc.) sur un réseau sous un certain nombre de contraintes dans le but de satisfaire la demande, tout en minimisant les coûts. Dans ce mémoire, on se propose d'étudier le problème de conception de réseaux avec coûts fixes, capacités et un seul produit, qu'on transforme en un problème équivalent à plusieurs produits de façon à améliorer la valeur de la borne inférieure provenant de la relaxation continue du modèle. La méthode que nous présentons pour la résolution de ce problème est une méthode exacte de branch-and-price-and-cut avec une condition d'arrêt, dans laquelle nous exploitons à la fois la méthode de génération de colonnes, la méthode de génération de coupes et l'algorithme de branch-and-bound. Ces méthodes figurent parmi les techniques les plus utilisées en programmation linéaire en nombres entiers. Nous testons notre méthode sur deux groupes d'instances de tailles différentes (gran-des et très grandes), et nous la comparons avec les résultats donnés par CPLEX, un des meilleurs logiciels permettant de résoudre des problèmes d'optimisation mathématique, ainsi qu’avec une méthode de branch-and-cut. Il s'est avéré que notre méthode est prometteuse et peut donner de bons résultats, en particulier pour les instances de très grandes tailles.Many problems in transportation, telecommunications and logistics can be formulated as network design problems. The general problem consists in identifying a subgraph of the network on which facilities are to be built, and the quantities of products to transport on it, subject to a set of constraints, with the objective of minimizing total costs. In this dissertation, the aim is to adress the capacitated network design problem with fixed costs and a single commodity, that we transform into a muticommodity network design problem in order to improve the value of the lower bound of the relaxed model. The proposed method is a branch-and-price-and-cut algorithm with stopping criterion that combines column generation, cutting-plane and branch-and-bound methods. Numerical tests are performed using two groups of instances with different sizes, large and very large. The results are compared to those given by CPLEX, one of the most efficient software tools for integer programming, and to a branch-and-cut algorithm. It is shown that the method we adopted is competitive in particular for very large instances
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