4,503 research outputs found

    Digital strategies for the valorisation of archival heritage

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    20th century pre-digital architectural archives are a current topic of interest for scholars involved in historical studies as well as those studying conservation, valorisation and communication. These vast archival heritages could be enhanced by the methodologies, techniques and tools offered by the digital revolution. The present proposal demonstrates this potential through the application of structure from motion techniques to a physical scale model that represents the Turin Horse Racing designed by Carlo Mollino. Moreover, the paper presents a comparison of different software, methodologies and modelling tools and suggests a design for virtual and on-site communication strategies. These strategies fuel new interrelations of knowledge and ideas, through which an archive can become a place of convergence between the real and the virtual

    Interactive Visualization of the Building of University of Economics – Varna via 3D Modeling

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    The object of this paper is presenting the University of Economics – Varna, using a 3D model with 3Ds MAX. Created in 1920, May 14, University of Economics - Varna is a cultural institution with a place and style of its own. With the emergence of the three-dimensional modeling we entered a new stage of the evolution of computer graphics. The main target is to preserve the historical vision, to demonstrate forward-thinking and using of future-oriented approaches

    Guidelines for the Management of Cultural Heritage Using 3D Models for the Insertion of Heterogeneous Data

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    [ES] La Gestión del Patrimonio Cultural (GPC) es una operación muy compleja cuyo objetivo es preservar la integridad física de los Bienes Culturales y, al mismo tiempo, difundir los valores históricos y permitir el disfrute del Patrimonio. Debido a las múltiples fases que componen la GPC (documentación, intervención, conservación preventiva, uso), el gestor se ve sometido a un gran esfuerzo de coordinación de las interacciones creadas por figuras profesionales muy diferentes, tanto por formación como por necesidades específicas en el ámbito de la gestión. En los últimos años, la aplicación de las tecnologías digitales al Patrimonio Cultural se ha convertido en una parte indispensable de la GPC. Las metodologías más utilizadas para la adquisición de datos, como el escaneo láser terrestre y la fotogrametría digital, también se han convertido en una práctica habitual en las actividades profesionales. Sin embargo, el uso de modelos 3D para la gestión se limita hasta ahora a algunas investigaciones académicas, que a menudo no tienen continuidad tras la finalización del proyecto. Además, hasta la fecha existen pocas normas supranacionales que guíen a las instituciones en el proceso de creación y uso de modelos 3D para la GPC. Por tanto, la falta de herramientas para controlar la calidad de los datos y productos digitales adquiridos afecta negativamente a la interacción entre el sector de la investigación académica, el sector de la gestión y el mundo profesional. La investigación propone el uso de los modelos 3D como una herramienta válida de apoyo en todas las fases de la gestión, ya sea utilizando los datos tridimensionales como base del archivo digital, o explotando todos los productos obtenidos a partir de los datos básicos para las múltiples acciones de cada fase. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de la tesis doctoral es desarrollar directrices para la producción de modelos 3D con el fin de gestionar, introducir y preservar eficazmente los datos. Estas directrices investigan todos los aspectos del proceso que va desde la adquisición de datos, pasando por su catalogación y archivo, hasta su tratamiento y la creación de un sistema de información simplificado para su gestión. Cada directriz guía al usuario a través de una fase específica del tratamiento y el uso de los datos digitales, y proporciona indicaciones adaptadas al nivel de conocimientos respecto a las tecnologías y metodologías digitales. De este modo, el gestor puede utilizar los modelos 3D para su gestión y controlar su calidad y sus estándares mínimos. Se ha optado por un enfoque interdisciplinar e internacional con el fin de elaborar directrices que se adapten al mayor número posible de Bienes Culturales, desarrollando la tesis en el marco de un acuerdo de cotutela entre la Universidad de Bolonia y la Universitat Politècnica de València. Con el fin de obtener unas pautas universales, las metodologías analizadas en el estudio del estado del arte se aplicaron a una serie de casos de estudio. Los principales son los monumentos paleocristianos de Rávena (Italia), pertenecientes a la Lista del Patrimonio Mundial de la UNESCO, y un panteón neogótico situado en Castellón de la Plana (España). Las experiencias realizadas sobre la GPC en los dos países han contribuido a la elaboración de directrices y normas universales que mejoren las interacciones entre el mundo académico, los gestores y el sector profesional. La investigación, al poner de manifiesto los problemas inherentes a la GPC, ha permitido identificar las principales cuestiones abiertas que se deben explorar en futuras líneas de investigación, como la aplicación de estándares a un gran número de Bienes Culturales para conducir a la puesta a punto de los mismos estándares; la búsqueda de sistemas para la clasificación automática de los datos brutos; el tratamiento de los datos recogidos para la creación de relaciones, estrategias y métodos de clasificación, integración y optimización de datos heterogéneos.[CA] La Gestió del Patrimoni Cultural (GPC) és una operació molt complexa l'objectiu de la qual és preservar la integritat física del els Béns Culturals i, al mateix temps, difondre els valors històrics i permetre el gaudi del Patrimoni. A causa de les múltiples fases que componen la GPC (documentació, intervenció, conservació preventiva, ús) , el gestor es veu sotmés a un gran esforç de coordinació de les interaccions creades per figures professionals molt diferents, tant per formació com per necessitats específiques en l'àmbit de la gestió. En els últims anys, l'aplicació de les tecnologies digitals al Patrimoni Cultural s'ha convertit en una part indispensable de la GPC, des de les fases de documentació fins a les d'intervenció. Les metodologies més utilitzades per a l'adquisició de dades, com l'escaneig làser terrestre i la fotogrametria digital, també s'han convertit en una pràctica habitual en les activitats professionals. No obstant això, l'ús de models 3D per a la gestió es limita fins ara a algunes investigacions i aplicacions acadèmiques, que sovint no tenen continuïtat després de la finalització del projecte. A més, fins a la data hi ha poques normes supranacionals que guien a les institucions en el procés de creació i ús de models 3D. Per tant, la falta de ferramentes per a controlar la qualitat de les dades i productes digitals adquirits afecta negativament la interacció entre el sector de la investigació acadèmica, el sector de la gestió i el món professional. La investigació proposa l'ús dels models 3D com una ferramenta vàlida de suport en totes les fases de la gestió, ja siga utilitzant les dades tridimensionals com a base de l'arxiu digital, o explotant tots els productes obtinguts a partir de les dades bàsiques per a les múltiples accions de cada fase. Per tant, l'objectiu de la tesi doctoral és desenrotllar directrius per a la producció de models 3D a fi de gestionar, introduir i preservar eficaçment les dades. Estes directrius investiguen tots els aspectes del procés que va des de l'adquisició de dades, passant per la seua catalogació i arxiu, fins al seu tractament i la creació d'un sistema d'informació simplificat per a la seua gestió. Cada directriu particular guia l'usuari a través d'una fase específica del tractament i l'ús de les dades digitals, i proporciona indicacions adaptades al nivell de coneixements respecte a les tecnologies i metodologies digitals. D'esta manera, el gestor pot utilitzar els models 3D per a la seua gestió i controlar la seua qualitat i els seus estàndards mínims. S'ha optat per un enfocament interdisciplinari i internacional a fi d'elaborar directrius que s'adapten al nombre més gran possible de tipus de Béns Culturals Cultural, desenrotllat la tesi en el marc d'un acord de cotutela entre la Universitat de Bolonya i la Universitat Politècnica de València. A fi d'obtindre unes pautes universals, les metodologies analitzades en l'estudi de l'estat de l'art es van aplicar a una sèrie de casos d'estudi. Els principals són els monuments paleocristians de Ravenna (Itàlia), pertanyents a la Llista del Patrimoni Mundial de la UNESCO, i una capella neogòtica situada a Castelló de la Plana (Espanya). Les experiències realitzades sobre la GPC en els dos països han contribuït a l'elaboració de directrius i normes universals que milloren les interaccions entre el món acadèmic, els gestors i el sector professional. La investigació, al posar de manifest els problemes inherents a la GPC, permet identificar les principals qüestions obertes que s'han d'explorar en futures línies d'investigació, com l'aplicació d'estàndards a un gran nombre de Béns Culturals per a conduir a la posada al punt dels mateixos estàndards; la busca de sistemes per a la classificació automàtica de les dades brutes; el tractament de les dades arreplegats per a la creació de relacions, estratègies i mètodes de classificació, integració i optimització de dades heterogènies.[EN] The Management of Cultural Heritage (MCH) is a very complex operation aimed at protecting the physical integrity of Cultural Heritage assets, while promoting their historical value and development of tourism industry. Composed by distinct phases (documentation, intervention, monitoring and use), MCH implies a great effort for the project manager to coordinate the interactions among very different professional figures. In recent years, the use of digital technologies has become an essential part of the MCH delicate process, from early documentation to late intervention phases. The most commonly used methodologies for digital data acquisition, such as terrestrial laser scanning and digital photogrammetry, have become common practice in a broad range of professional activities. On the contrary, the use of 3D models for MCH is still limited to few academic research to date, often lacking continuity and wide application after the end of specific projects. Furthermore, very few supra-national standard guidelines regulating their use are available to date. As a consequence, the operator who decides to use a 3D model as a basis for management is faced with the scarcity and fragmentation of standards and guidelines. Moreover, the lack of standard on quality of acquired data and digital products negatively influences the interaction between the academic research sector, the managers and the professional world. The focus is on the use of 3D models as a valid support tool in the MCH process, highlighting their advantages in all the distinct phases of the management. As an example, 3D data can constitute themselves the basis for the digital database, gathering all available information concerning a Cultural Heritage site, exploitable for restoration works or for scientific dissemination. In particular, the aim of this PhD research is to develop guidelines to produce 3D models for MCH, with the purpose to efficiently entry, store and manage digital data. The here provided guidelines investigate every aspect of the process leading from data acquisition to cataloguing and archiving, processing and creation of a simplified information system. Each recommendation guides the user through the management of digital data, by adapting to his/her level of knowledge with respect to digital technologies and methodologies. In this way, the manager can efficiently use 3D models in MCH projects. In order to elaborate guidelines that could be suitable for as many typologies of Cultural Heritage as possible an international approach was chosen, developing the thesis in joint supervision under the University of Bologna and the Universitat Politècnica de València. We decided to apply state-of-the-art technologies and methodologies to a variety of case studies. The main ones are the early Christian monuments of Ravenna (Italy) belonging to the UNESCO World Heritage List, and a small neogothic chapel located in Castellón de la Plana (Spain). The fruitful collaboration between two different countries allowed an invaluable exchange of MCH expertise and, more broadly, contributed to the elaboration of standardized and universally applicable MCH guidelines that will allow a better interaction between managers, the academic research world and the professional one. The investigation, by highlighting the problems inherent to the MCH, made it possible to identify the main open issues that need to be explored in future lines of research, such as the application of standards to a large number of cultural assets in an iterative, continuous and automatic way, in order to perfecting the standards; the search for automatic classification of raw data; the processing of collected data for the creation of relations, strategies and methods for the classification, integration and optimisation of heterogeneous data.Bertacchi, G. (2022). Guidelines for the Management of Cultural Heritage Using 3D Models for the Insertion of Heterogeneous Data [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/182419TESI

    INTEGRATED PHOTOGRAMMETRIC SURVEY AND BIM MODELLING FOR THE PROTECTION OF SCHOOL HERITAGE, APPLICATIONS ON A CASE STUDY

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    The contribution, considering the use of low-cost photogrammetric detection methodologies and the use of asset Historical-BIM, has as its aim the theme of knowledge and the adaptation of safety in school buildings, a topic brought to attention by the many situations of seismic risk that have interested the central Apennines in Italy. The specific investigation is referred to the Abruzzo region, hit by the recent earthquakes of 2016 and 2009 that have highlighted the vulnerability of the building structures involved in a large seismic crater covering large areas of the territory. The need to consider in advance the performance standards of building components, especially concerning the strategic ways of the functions contained in them, starts here. In this sense, the school buildings have emerged among the types on which to pay attention, a study theme to be promptly considered, considering the functions performed within them and the possible criticality of such constructions, often dated, enlarged or readjusted without appropriate seismic adaptation plans. From here derives the purpose of the research that is directed towards a systematic recognition of the scholastic heritage, deriving from objective and rapid surveys at low cost, taking into consideration the as-built and the different formal and structural aspects that define the architectural organisms to analyse and manage through three-dimensional models that can be interrogated using HBIM connected to databases containing information of a structural and functional nature. In summary, through the implementation of information in the BIM model, it will be possible to query and obtain in real time all the necessary information to optimize, in terms of efficiency, costs, and future maintenance operations

    Digital gypsotheque. Online features as inclusive educational tool

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    The paper deals with the first results of an ongoing research on the issues of digitization of CH for educational and museum purposes. The research starts from the study of the small plaster casts collection kept inside the Santa Croce complex at the University of Cagliari. The workflow aims to investigate the potential of advanced technologies by reconciling the needs strictly related to the two principles of measurement and visualization. The construction of an information system will facilitate not only the classification and management of the digital plaster collection but also communication for scientific and didatic purposes. Two different possible applications are considered: the first for the construction of a web platform for the remote interactive query of the database, the second for the virtual visit of the rooms that host some of the casts through the delivery platform for point & click games developed in the PAC-PAC research project

    Propagation of semantic information between orthophoto and 3D replica: a H-BIM system for the north transept of Pisa Cathedral

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    This contribution proposes a methodological approach for the transfer of annotations between orthophotos and 3D digital heritage models, relying on a mesh-based/point-based representation. The workflow leverages on the exploitation of 2D/3D projective relations and on the identification, propagation, modelling and tiling of virtual models of architectural heritage. Referring to the significant case study of Pisa Cathedral, the method is tested to ensure an informative continuum between 2D medias and 3D representations, in terms of morphology, geometry and semantic enrichment. At first, a high resolution ortho-photo is created to support studies related to conservation and restoration, e.g. to highlight degradation patterns and materials as well as to distinguish cracks, frescoed surfaces, decorations. Then, the information is translated from the 2D support to a virtual 3D mockup: this step is essential to ensure a complete understanding of the architectural heritage object, that can thus be studied in its entirety, considering its morphological complexities. The proposed approach provides a more effective system for the transfer and exchange of semantic information from high-resolution orthophotos to semantically rich 3D models, that can be fundamental even in view of the construction of Heritage-Building Information Modeling (H-BIM) environments

    Historical Photogrammetry and Terrestrial Laser Scanning for the 3d Virtual Reconstruction of Destroyed Structures: a Case Study in Italy

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    The current dramatic episodes of destruction of archaeological sites have again highlighted the problem of the safeguarding the threatened heritage and, if possible, recovering those damaged by all the armed conflicts of the past. The historical photogrammetry offers the possibility to recover a posteriori the geometrical and material properties of destroyed structures, reconstructing their 3D model to document, study and maintain their memory, until to support their real anastylosis. The presented work is about the 3D reconstruction of the civic tower of the little town of Sant'Alberto, near the city of Ravenna, Italy. The tower, as a symbol of resistance and pride of the town's population, was destroyed in December 1944 by German troops in retaliation, when they were forced to leave the area. A city committee has subsequently collected all the historical evidence concerning the tower, including a series of photographic images that can be used for the photogrammetric reconstruction; the images calibration and orientation have been solved using the geometric information derived by a terrestrial laser scanner survey realized in the area where the tower was originally located. Despite the scarcity and very poor quality of the available images, the conducted photogrammetric procedure has allowed a complete and qualitatively satisfying object reconstruction, also thanks to the use of geometric constraint tools offered by the chosen software. The integration between the obtained model of the old tower and the 3D TLS survey of the square made it possible to reconstruct the ancient situation of the area
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