Applying Quantum Principles to Psychology

This article starts out with a detailed example illustrating the utility of applying quantum probability to psychology. Then it describes several alternative mathematical methods for mapping fundamental quantum concepts (such as state preparation, measurement, state evolution) to fundamental psychological concepts (such as stimulus, response, information processing). For state preparation, we consider both pure states and densities with mixtures. For measurement, we consider projective measurements and positive operator valued measurements. The advantages and disadvantages of each method with respect to applications in psychology are discussed.Comment: one of the aims of this review paper is to attract attention of experts in quantum information and probability (as well as in quantum foundations) to a new rapidly growing field of applications of quantum theory. The paper establishes the correspondence between concepts of quantum theory and concepts of cognitive science and psychology. Submitted to Physica Script

Keynote address: Is there a distinctive Māori psychology?

Many of the theoretical paradigms that underpin the study of psychology pay marginal attention to culture as a determinant of psychology. While there are some aspects of human experience that are universal, patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving are by no means divorced from specific cultural influence. A challenge for Māori psychologists is to re-examine psychological theory from a Māori perspective. In attempting to identify the psychological distinctiveness underlying a Māori perspective, this paper has introduced marae encounters as a rich source of information within which distinctive psychological characteristics can be identified

Asymmetries in information processing in a decision theory framework

Research in psychology suggests that some individuals are more sensitive to positive than to negative information while others are more sensitive to negative rather than positive information. I take these cognitive positive-negative asymmetries in information processing to a Bayesian decision-theory model and explore its consequences in terms of decisions and payoffs. I show that in monotone decision problems economic agents with more positive-responsive information structures are always better off, ex-ante, when they face problems where payoffs are relatively more sensitive to the action chosen when the state of nature is favorable.Information Processing; Decision Theory

F.Smarandache

Florentin Smarandache is Professor Asociado de Matemática to the University of New Mexico in EE. Publicó more than 75 books and 100 artícuculos and notes of mathematician, physicist, philosophy, psychology, Literature, rebus. In mathematical his investigation it is in theory of numbers, not- Euclidean geometry, synthetic geometry, algebraic structures, statistic, neutrosofica logic and joint (generalization of blurred intuicionistica logic and joint respectively), neutrosofica probability (generalization of vague and classic probability). Also, few contributions to nuclear and physical of particles, information of fusion (it sees the theory of Dezert-Smarandache of reasonable reasoning paradojisto and, 2002), philosophy (it sees neutrosofía, a generaralización of dialectic), psychology (leya of sensations and stimuli), sociology (paradoxical sociologicales), linguistic (paradoxical semantic and tautología) etc. In Literature the movement established in 1980 Paradoxismo, based of the use excess of contradictions, antinomies, paradoxes in creatio

A psychology literature study on modality related issues for multimodal presentation in crisis management

The motivation of this psychology literature study is to obtain modality related guidelines for real-time information presentation in crisis management environment. The crisis management task is usually companied by time urgency, risk, uncertainty, and high information density. Decision makers (crisis managers) might undergo cognitive overload and tend to show biases in their performances. Therefore, the on-going crisis event needs to be presented in a manner that enhances perception, assists diagnosis, and prevents cognitive overload. To this end, this study looked into the modality effects on perception, cognitive load, working memory, learning, and attention. Selected topics include working memory, dual-coding theory, cognitive load theory, multimedia learning, and attention. The findings are several modality usage guidelines which may lead to more efficient use of the user’s cognitive capacity and enhance the information perception

"Implementation and Mind Control"

This paper incorporates social psychology into implementation theory, where an uninformed principal manipulates a dynamic decision-making process without employing any tailored contractual device. We demonstrate the principal's mind-control method through which he can effectively utilize social psychology tactics to incentivize informed agents to announce their information in keeping with his wishes. We show that with incentive compatibility, the principal can implement any alternative that he wishes as the unique Nash equilibrium outcome, even if the psychological cost of each agent from disobeying the principal's wishes is small as compared to his total material benefits.

Implementation and Mind Control

This paper incorporates social psychology into implementation theory, where an uninformed principal manipulates a dynamic decision-making process without employing any tailored contractual device. We demonstrate the principal's mind-control method through which he can effectively utilize social psychology tactics to incentivize informed agents to announce their information in keeping with his wishes. We show that with incentive compatibility, the principal can implement any alternative that he wishes as the unique Nash equilibrium outcome, even if the psychological cost of each agent from disobeying the principal's wishes is small as compared to his total material benefits.

A Review of Applied Techniques of the Detection of Criminal Deceit

The techniques of the detection of criminal deceit, including lie-detection technique and true-detection technique, are involved in determination and evaluation of response to specific information in the guilt knowledge. Under the support of a theory of emotion, a theory of control, a theory of cognitive processing and a theory of self-expression in the contemporary applied psychology and judicial psychology, this technique system has developed a psychophysiological technique, a non-verbal technique, a verbal technique, a brain scanning technique and a strategic use of evidence etc. Based on different aspects of deceit psychology, the techniques of the detection are explored from different mechanisms. With the support of judicial experience, and foundation from the empirical researches on physiology-psychology, cerebral nerve and other aspects, the techniques have validity and reliability at a different level.