Supply Chain Management of Agricultural Technology Innovation: Study of Fujian and Taiwan

Fujian and Taiwan has shared a strong cross-strait agricultural relation, and the government is keen to further strengthen the trade between the two. There has been substantial growth in the Fujian trade with Taiwan in agricultural goods that has increased more than $ 2.7 billion in 2013 for a year-on-year growth of 70%. This study adopted secondary data collection method to obtain information for the research. The research was mainly qualitative to acquire in-depth information on the matter under study. The findings showed that with the help of e-commerce both Fujian and Taiwan have been benefited with low transaction costs and efficient supply chain management to ensure effective trade. Keywords: Supply Chain Management, Agriculture, E-Commerce, Trade

Global Production Networks and Industrial Upgrading in China: The Case in Electronics Contract Manufacturing.

The paper analyzes the networks of U.S. and Taiwan based electronics contract manufacturers in South China, today the world´s most important location for low-cost mass production in the electronics industry. Based on extensive empirical research, the paper traces the production sites, the organization of manufacturing, and the workforce policies of contract manufacturers in the region, and discusses perspectives and limits of industrial upgrading, especially with regard to the role of labor. In theoretical terms, the author attempts to integrate an analysis of "global flagship networks" with concepts of industrial sociology.

East Asian SME Capacity Building, Competitiveness and Market Opportunities in a Global Economy

Over the past decade the economies of East Asia, and APEC more generally, have been opening up their markets and in the process have achieved significant gains in exports and economic growth. In conjunction with this increased economic integration there has been increased recognition by regional governments of the potential for a substantial increase in the participation by small businesses in the generation of regional income, employment, exports, investment and expanded economic growth. Advances in information and communications technology add credence to this potential. In addition, developing economies are especially seeing small businesses as potential instruments for the alleviation of poverty. This viewpoint has been given further stimulus since the financial and economic crisis of 1997-98, arising from which there has been a growing recognition of the need for the East Asian economies to engage in comprehensive restructuring of their corporate sectors, with the objective of achieving transparency, improving corporate governance and developing globally competitive enterprises. The small and medium enterprise (SME) sector can play a key role in the attainment of such objectives. This paper reviews the contribution of the SME sector to the growth and development of the regional (East Asian) economies, and their increasing importance in the attainment of a sustained recovery of the region in terms of economic growth, employment, trade and investment and the development of globally competitive economies. It also identifies: barriers to their development; key factors essential for their capacity building; strategies to enhance their competitiveness in the global marketplace; and key components relating to their export success.East Asia, small and medium-sized enterprises, competitiveness, export success

China’s Economic Progress and its Role in Strengthening Cooperation between East and South Asia

China has achieved great success in its economic development since it has conducted economy-wide reforms and opened itself to the outside world. Within less than three decades, China has now become a leading economy in the world, the second largest in FDI inflow, the third largest in foreign trade, the fourth largest in GDP, and an important engine for the global economic growth. One of the key factors for Chinas success is its integration into the world economic system, enabling it to utilize the global market resources (market, capital and technology). The WTO accession has made the Chinese economy more open, more transparent and more integrated into the world economic system. Chinas new regional strategy, i.e. forming FTAs with its partners, as well as its foreign investment strategy, have deepened and will continue to further intensify its economic integration and cooperation with its partners. In a regional perspective, the Asia-pacific is the major region from which China receives the most FDI inflows, as well as the principal destination of its exports, with the US and Japan being the two largest markets. East Asia accounts for half of Chinas foreign trade and more than 70% of FDI inflow. Chinas trade with South Asia is still small in volume, but high in growth rate. With the emergence of the Indian economy, trade and services between China and India have increased very rapidly in the recent years. Economic relations between East Asia and South Asia used to be very weak. But this now seems to change with Indian economic dynamism and its active Eastward strategy. Considering its geographical location and its further economic expansion, China can play an important and special role in bridging East and South Asian regions through trade, investment, service, technology, as well as broad economic cooperation activities.China, trade, economic integration, International Agreements, East West Cooperation

Value-Added Trade and Regionalization. GTAP Eleventh Annual Conference "Future of Global Economy", Helsinki, Finland.

For nearly two decades, growth of international trade has been underpinned by the development of intermediate goods cross exchanges resulting from a new international division of labour. The share of trade in inputs, also called vertical trade, has dramatically increased. Simultaneously, there has been some fear of excessive regionalization in trade. In this situation, the traditional trade measures based on the values of goods crossing borders are inappropriate to measure how self-centred are different regions. This paper suggests a new measure of international trade: “value-added trade”. Compared to “standard” trade, “value-added trade” is net of double-counted vertical trade and reallocates trade flows to input-producing industries. A database of value-added trade is made using the GTAP trade and input-output database for 66 regions (mostly countries) and 55 sectors in 1997 and 2001. In 2001, 26% of international trade were "only" vertical specialization trade, up from 25% in 1997. The share of services in value-added trade is much more important than in standard trade. East Asia still relies more heavily on extra-regional final markets than North America or Europe.Globalization;Vertical trade;Regionalization;

Working Paper 126 - China’s Trade and FDI in Africa

China’s growth and its capacity to move in thirty years from under-development and extreme poverty to an emerging global power and one of the largest exporter of manufactured goods has attracted the attention of many developing countries. China has served as a development model for Africa and an alternative source of trade and finance from Africa’s traditional development partners. The impact of China on African economies has been diverse, depending in part on the sectoral composition of each country’s production. Overall, China’s increased engagement with Africa could generate important gains for African economies. This paper analyzes the different impacts of China on Africa, quantifies the advantages and disadvantages, and policy suggestions necessary to maximize the development impact of China. One overriding consideration is that reaping the full benefits from Chinese trade and investment will require substantial improvements in governance in African economies.

Comparison on Cross-Border e-Commerce Industry in Pilot Free Trade Zone Under The Context of Supplying Reform

Cross-border e-commerce is a kind of internet+ industry different from traditional trade. Four pilot free trade zones are featured with similarities in the aspects of resource supplies as business environment, supporting policies and platform construction, all of which emphasize the principles of innovation, consistency and efficiency. While, there are many disparities such as industry resource including foundenments, general industry developing layout. The differences urge the Pilot FTZS into the adoption of different modes featured with laddering stages in the imported transaction. In order to coordinate regional industry development and narrow the disparities, this paper will put forward several measures to refine the business environment, promote the construction of virtuous competition platform and improve the talent cultivation mechanism in accordance with the principles of innovation, differentiation and cooperatio

Globalization and E-Commerce VIII: Environment and Policy in Taiwan

The international environment is the most important factor that drives the diffusion of B2B e-commerce in Taiwan. The digital information network that enables supply-chain management is used by Taiwanese firms as a means to protect their position in global production. National environment elements, such as telecommunication infrastructures and human resources, are useful reinforcing factors, but not powerful enough to drive the whole process. Government policies play a role only to the extent that they encourage a certain approach to e-commerce solutions. In the case of B2C e-commerce, Internet penetration among the general population is a precondition for diffusion. On-line security concerning trading and payment is critical for the acceptance of electronic commerce by Internet users and the national environment is crucial in this regard. Nevertheless, the most effective driver for the diffusion of electronic trade appears to be innovation of the right products. Without such products, the diffusion of e-commerce will be limited, even with the right environment and policies

The Impact of IT Capability and E-Business on the Supply Chain Performance

This research has developed an analytical framework based on resource-based theory. It intends to find out the impact of different attributes on supply chain performance and financial performance under different IT capabilities and application degrees. The hypothesis test model incorporating five measuring variables is conducted; they are strategy of e-business, application degree of e-business, information technology capability, supply chain performance and financial performance. The results indicate that e-business strategy will affect the application degree for either high-tech industry or traditional industry; and higher IT capability will make the application degree impact on supply chain performance more significant while financial performance is not obviously activated. E-business should be a strategic policy. The managerial full support and involvement, cautious selection of new operational strategy, as well as the integration of e-business process and information, will make IT application, e-business process and readiness collaborate closely, so as to create business value and promote operational performance of supply chain