The construction of knowledge-based economies versus knowledge societies: The cases of Germany and Singapore

In the past decades, terms such as knowledge-based economy (KBE)\u27, and \u27information/knowledge society\u27 have been adopted by governments worldwide in order to underline their interest in developing their economies and societies further and assure future growth. Many governments used these catchwords as labels for government programs and action plans aiming at economic and social prosperity. This aim of national governments to construct knowledge-based economies, information/knowledge societies, the actions taken and especially the ability or disability to do so, is the topic of this paper. As two cases of comparison act Singapore and Germany. (DIPF/Orig.

Bilateral “WTO-Plus” Free Trade Agreements: The WTO Trade Policy Review of Singapore 2004

The World Trade Organisation’s 2004 Trade Policy Review of Singapore (WTO-TPR Singapore 2004) depicts the small and outward-oriented economy as one of the most open country to international trade and investment. The review highlights the benefits of the outward-oriented strategy that has enabled the Singapore economy to weather recent external shocks such as the Asian financial crisis to the SARS and to the recent unfavourable conditions in the Middle East. In particular, the report commended Singapore’s efforts on its liberalization of the services sector and its economic benefits to consumers and global trade. However, the WTO-TPR Singapore 2004 highlights several key areas of concerns: (a) the commitment to multilateral agreements with the rising number of bilateral free trade agreements signed by Singapore and (b) the lack of growth of total factor productivity, a key indicator for long-run efficiency of the economy. The paper addresses the above key concerns raised in the WTO’s TPR of Singapore in terms of its commitment to global trade in terms of WTO-plus bilateral FTAs, which intends to support multilateral trading system, and its overall industrial strategies to raise its competitiveness.

SEEKING UNIVERSAL EDUCATION: FROM SINGAPORE’S EDUCATIONAL SUCCESS

According to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, education is considered a fundamental human right. However, this right is not accessible for every child. Not all education systems are capable of providing quality education. There are various reasons behind this issue. Based on the OECD and PISA records, Singapore has a successful education system with multiple ethnicities and religions. This study intends to discover some characteristics of Singapore\u27s education system and the feasibility of achieving similar success in other practices. In the methodology part, based on a literature review on the education policy and the education system of Singapore, content policy analyses were done in order to understand the national priority. Next, to understand teachers\u27 perception of the education system, remote interviews were done with primary teachers based across Singapore. The result suggests that national priority, the close connection between educators, researchers, and policymakers, teachers\u27 education, human resources management, culture-linked system, and continuous iteration of education reforms are critical for strong education practices globally

SEEKING UNIVERSAL EDUCATION: FROM SINGAPORE’S EDUCATIONAL SUCCESS

According to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, education is considered a fundamental human right. However, this right is not accessible for every child. Not all education systems are capable of providing quality education. There are various reasons behind this issue. Based on the OECD and PISA records, Singapore has a successful education system with multiple ethnicities and religions. This study intends to discover some characteristics of Singapore\u27s education system and the feasibility of achieving similar success in other practices. In the methodology part, based on a literature review on the education policy and the education system of Singapore, content policy analyses were done in order to understand the national priority. Next, to understand teachers\u27 perception of the education system, remote interviews were done with primary teachers based across Singapore. The result suggests that national priority, the close connection between educators, researchers, and policymakers, teachers\u27 education, human resources management, culture-linked system, and continuous iteration of education reforms are critical for strong education practices globally

The Japan-Singapore “New Age” Economic Partnership Agreement: Background, Motivation and Implications

Free Trade Pacts have become an integral part of Singapore’s new commercial trade strategy which in turn is the cornerstone of the city-state’s larger international economic policy. Such trade pacts appear to be increasingly regarded by policymakers as effective and expeditious instruments for achieving trade liberalization among “like minded” trading partners. Of particular relevance is the Japan-Singapore pact which has recently been agreed to and is in the process of being implemented. The trade pact has been termed the Japan-Singapore Economic Partnership Agreement (JSEPA). This paper discusses the extent of the two countries’ bilateral economic linkages in terms of merchandise trade and trade in services and investments and examines available details of the JSEPA.

Technology parks of Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore: A critical discourse

The emergence of global scale competition is leading towards the development of new mechanisms to help countries to become more competitive and technology parks are the vehicle of choice to achieve that.Technology Parks offer modern infrastructure and integrated info-structure to promote research and technology development and commercialization for wealth creation and sustainable economic growth and Global Competitiveness.This paper discusses the position of technology parks in East Asia; elaborates on their role in today’s nation development, analytically examines three selected technology parks in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore using GCI Index 2015 and concludes that Technology parks have contributed to gross domestic product (GDP) growth, infrastructure development, knowledge community expansion, capacity building, and export production and distribution.However, optimum benefits of Technology Parks accrue when they are established and managed professionally in line with the best practices and all transactions are equitable, just, and transparent; the whole process must culminate trust nationally and internationally

Emerging Market Challenges: Moving Beyond Trade to Promote the Middle Class and Avoid the Middle-Income Trap

The rise of the middle class around the world is seen by many as the next frontier in business opportunities. In fact, the concept of emerging markets is closely associated with the likelihood of a rapid rise in middle-class incomes; in other words, a large internal market potential or an increasing purchasing power among consumers. One report by McKinsey & Company estimated that annual private spending in emerging markets will reach $30 trillion by 2025. It has been estimated that global consumers and proportional spending will increase from 1.8 billion people spending$21 trillion in 2009 to 4.9 billion people spending $56 trillion by 2030. Another trend, however, raises the prospect that these opportunities will be tempered, at least in certain markets. The so-called middle-income trap, also referred to as growth slowdowns, is increasingly cited as a concern by analysts and policy makers in a growing number of countries. Middle-income traps have been defined differently by various analysts, but generally refer to a slowing or stalling of increases in income and productivity during specific periods of time, especially for countries once they reach a middle-income range. Many countries have seen their average living standards remain in a specific range for decades, while a relatively small group of countries have experienced continuous growth and have made it into the high-income range. These latter countries can serve as sources of policy recommendations to others. Singapore, Ireland, South Korea, and Taiwan are examples

Development in the Indonesia-Malaysia-Singapore Growth Triangle

In this article, we explore whether regional economic cooperation in the form of growth triangle, made popular during the late 1980s, can continue to be relevant in the face of more formal arrangements as in free trade agreements (FTAs) and other bilateral ‘closer economic partnerships’ (CEPs) initiatives in the recent years. In particular, the discussion is focussed on the Indonesia-Malaysia-Singapore growth triangle (IMS-GT) which is the pioneering arrangement in Southeast Asia. IMS-GT continues to be a successful mode of cooperation among the three countries and will remain a key and subtle framework for regional economic collaboration amidst the plethora of initiatives relating to FTAs and CEPs. This paper put forth a thesis that GT is part of a spectrum of regional cooperation efforts with convergence interest to be in synchrony with the global value chain. As long as the formation and implementation of GT contribute to the creation of value, it can co-exist with more formal arrangements like the FTAs and CEPs.

MaaS(Mobility as a Service) platform application plan

Thesis(Master) -- KDI School: Master of Public Policy, 2020Smart mobility is the most important part to build a smart city. This is because the city's population growth continues to intensify traffic congestion, and traffic infrastructure such as roads occupies large parts of the cities, making it difficult to realize a citizen-centric city. This capstone project aims to study a plan to apply the Mobility as a Service (MaaS) Platform in Korea's smart mobility policies. First, to understand the status quo, Sejong's MaaS application plan was reviewed among domestic smart mobility policies. Second, in the literature review part, technical terms such as Smart Mobility, MaaS, innovation ecosystem, and data economy were defined, and domestic policy measures were suggested through the analysis of MaaS application cases in Finland and Singapore. Compared to other countries, Korea is well-equipped with ICT infrastructure, and people adapt quickly to new technologies, making it suitable for applying Smart Mobility services. However, without a deep understanding of the domestic situation, it is not easy to apply the overseas MaaS model directly to Korea. To provide a sustainable Smart Mobility service, it is necessary to define a smart mobility strategy in Korea, build a mobility ecosystem, and increase data utilization to build a Korean-style MaaS platform model.1. Introduction 2. Literature Review 3. Governmental Policies on Smart Mobility 4. Policy RecommendationsOutstandingmasterpublishedSumi SO