Valeur ajoutée d'un système d'information clinique aux soins intensifs

Depuis 30 ans au moins, les équipes médico-infirmières rêvent de systèmes informatiques pouvant intégrer la masse des données produites par et pour les patients. Il s'agit de trier, d'organiser et de resituer des informations de nature très variée d'une manière structurée et utilisable . L'informatisation des unités de soins intensifs (SI) du CHUV est un projet institutionnel "Hospices-CHUV", portant l'acronyme "SICASI", pour "système d'information clinique aux soins intensifs". Le projet concerne 41 lits de SI situés au niveau 05 du bâtiment hospitalier principal : ces lits sont répartis en trois unités, chirurgicale (17 lits), médicale (14 lits), et pédiatrique (10 lits). Le budget global dévolu à l'informatisation est de 2,5 millions de francs. Le projet a d'emblée été multidisciplinaire, englobant des médecins et des infirmiers des 3 unités, ainsi que des informaticiens. Il devrait aboutir à un changement fondamental de la manière de travailler en SI. [Extrait de l'introduction, p. 2]]]> Intensive Care Units ; Hospital Information Systems ; Medical Records Systems, Computerized ; Hospitals, University fre https://serval.unil.ch/resource/serval:BIB_C9A8235D6023.P001/REF.pdf http://nbn-resolving.org/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_C9A8235D60232 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/urn/urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_C9A8235D60232 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Copying allowed only for non-profit organizations https://serval.unil.ch/disclaimer application/pdf oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_C9A972CD5FE4 2022-05-07T01:26:59Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_C9A972CD5FE4 Postoperative 3D conformal radiation therapy with dose-volume histogram assessment in non small-cell lung cancer info:doi:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.07.1713 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.07.1713 Zouhair, A. Drausanu, D. Matzinger, O. Pehlivan, B. Khanfir, K. Ris, H.B. Stupp, R. Moeckli, R. Mirimanoff, R.O. Ozsahin, M. info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject inproceedings 2007 49th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, vol. 69, pp. S498-S499 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/isbn/0360-3016 <![CDATA[Purpose/Objective(s): Despite many randomized trials, the indication of postoperative radiation therapy (PORT) in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is controversial. Involved-field conformal (3D) RT has never been studied prospectively. In this study, we aim to assess the outcome of patients treated with involved-field 3D PORT with or without chemotherapy in locally advanced NSCLC. Materials/Methods: From 1990 to 2006, data from 75 consecutive patients treated with curative surgery and PORT for NSCLC were retrospectively analyzed. Male to female ratio was 57/18, and median age was 58 years (38-76). There were 5 patients with stage I, 22 with stage II, and 48 with stage III disease. Pneumonectomy or lobectomy was realized in 24 and 51 patients, respectively. Mediastinal lymphadenectomy was performed in all patients. PORT indications were positive margins and/or positive mediastinal lymph nodes. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy was given in 15 patients. All patients had 3D conformal planning. Median RT dose was 60 Gy using at least 6-MV photons in 6 weeks, and CTV included bronchial stump and only positive nodal areas. Dose-volume histograms (DVH) assessing the pulmonary volume receiving 20 Gy (V20 Gy) were used in all patients. Results: Compliance to PORT was 100%. In a median follow-up period of 55 months, 26 (35%) patients are alive without disease. Median overall survival time was 24 months, with survival rate of 35% at 5 years (Fig. 1). The 5-year locoregional control and distant disease-free rates were 80% and 57%, respectively. Patients treated with pneumonectomy and those treated with at least 60-Gy PORT had better outcome (Fig. 2). Grade 3 or more CTC v3.0 toxicity was observed only in 4 (5%) pts. No lethal toxicity was observed. Conclusions: We conclude that involved-field 3D conformal 60-Gy PORT tailored with DVH V20 Gy assessment improves locoregional control without increasing lethal toxicity. Prospective studies using the above-mentioned criteria are warranted

Distribution and development of the root system of Castanea sativa and Pseudotsuga menziesii in young forest plantations

The distribution of roots in the soil results of a series of complex and dynamic processes, which include interactions between the environment, the soil and the plants in full growth ( Prichett & Fisher, 1987; Jourdan e Rey, 1997; Gonçalves & Benedetti, 2000). Most studies of the root systems in forest species are conducted under water stress conditions; hence, the major concern focuses on the deep root development. Understanding the root system of forest species might enable recommendation on which species are more adequate to each site according to the characteristics of the latest, thus allowing a better use of the soil (Prichett & Fisher, 1987; Magalhães & Blum, 2000; Lecompte et al., 2001) and, consequently, mitigate the risks of mortality, pests and diseases (Curt et al., 2001). In order to obtain information on the development of the root system of Castanea sativa (CS) and Pseudotsuga menziesii (PM), observations were made at 14 and 26 months after plantation, without and with destroying the trees, respectively. The following treatments, randomly distributed in three blocks, were tested in 375 m2 experimental plots, representing different tillage intensities: (1) no previous subsoil mobilization with furrow-hillock surface soil with two plough passes and plantation in the hillock side (SRVC); (2) located subsoil mobilization, followed by two plough passes, leaving furrow-hillock surface soil and plantation as in (1) (RLVC); (3) continuous subsoil mobilization, followed by two plough passes, leaving furrow-hillock surface soil and plantation as in(1) (RCVC); (4) continuous subsoil mobilization followed by continuous plough and plantation in the furrow (RCLC). To study the root system at 14 months, 4 trees were randomly chosen (2 CS and 2 PM), per treatment and block. Holes were open near the trees, one parallel and another perpendicular to the planting line, and by means of a 50 x 50 cm grid, 2 x 2 cm mesh, the root parameters were quantified: number, length, diameter classes, soil layer with greatest root density and soil volume explored by the roots. At 26 months, four trees were observed (2 CS and 2 PM) in treatments RLVC and RCLC, in two blocks, and selected according to average height in each plot. To expose the root system, trenches were carefully and manually opened, and all the roots were observed in their full length, collected and all the above-mentioned variables quantified. Above-ground biomass was collected and quantified. The results show: (i) on CS a deeper root system, with higher proportion of roots in the 20-30 cm layer and more uniformly distributed in depth, whereas on PM the higher root density was found in the 10-20 cm layer; (ii) a volume of soil explored by roots greater on CS than on PM, this parameter having a higher value in the more intensive treatments; (iii) root biomass, when classified according to estimated root diameter, has a fairly uniform distribution in CS, whereas in PM the thinner roots represent a distinctly higher proportion of the root biomass; (iv) the above-ground biomass is 2 to 3 times higher than the below-ground biomass in CS and 3 to 4 times higher in PM

Recreating Daily life in Pompeii

[EN] We propose an integrated Mixed Reality methodology for recreating ancient daily life that features realistic simulations of animated virtual human actors (clothes, body, skin, face) who augment real environments and re-enact staged storytelling dramas. We aim to go further from traditional concepts of static cultural artifacts or rigid geometrical and 2D textual augmentations and allow for 3D, interactive, augmented historical character-based event representations in a mobile and wearable setup. This is the main contribution of the described work as well as the proposed extensions to AR Enabling technologies: a VR/AR character simulation kernel framework with real-time, clothed virtual humans that are dynamically superimposed on live camera input, animated and acting based on a predefined, historically correct scenario. We demonstrate such a real-time case study on the actual site of ancient Pompeii.The work presented has been supported by the Swiss Federal Office for Education and Science and the EU IST programme, in frame of the EU IST LIFEPLUS 34545 and EU ICT INTERMEDIA 38417 projects.Magnenat-Thalmann, N.; Papagiannakis, G. (2010). Recreating Daily life in Pompeii. Virtual Archaeology Review. 1(2):19-23. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2010.4679OJS192312P. MILGRAM, F. KISHINO, (1994) "A Taxonomy of Mixed Reality Visual Displays", IEICE Trans. Information Systems, vol. E77-D, no. 12, pp. 1321-1329R. AZUMA, Y. BAILLOT, R. BEHRINGER, S. FEINER, S. JULIER, B. MACINTYRE, (2001) "Recent Advances in Augmented Reality", IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, November/December http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/38.963459D. STRICKER, P. DÄHNE, F. SEIBERT, I. CHRISTOU, L. ALMEIDA, N. IOANNIDIS, (2001) "Design and Development Issues for ARCHEOGUIDE: An Augmented Reality-based Cultural Heritage On-site Guide", EuroImage ICAV 3D Conference in Augmented Virtual Environments and Three-dimensional Imaging, Mykonos, Greece, 30 May-01 JuneW. WOHLGEMUTH, G. TRIEBFÜRST, (2000)"ARVIKA: augmented reality for development, production and service", DARE 2000 on Designing augmented reality environments, Elsinore, Denmark http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/354666.354688H. TAMURA, H. YAMAMOTO, A. KATAYAMA, (2001) "Mixed reality: Future dreams seen at the border between real and virtual worlds", Computer Graphics and Applications, vol.21, no.6, pp.64-70 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/38.963462M. PONDER, G. PAPAGIANNAKIS, T. MOLET, N. MAGNENAT-THALMANN, D. THALMANN, (2003) "VHD++ Development Framework: Towards Extendible, Component Based VR/AR Simulation Engine Featuring Advanced Virtual Character Technologies", IEEE Computer Society Press, CGI Proceedings, pp. 96-104 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cgi.2003.1214453Archaeological Superintendence of Pompeii (2009), http://www.pompeiisites.orgG. PAPAGIANNAKIS, S. SCHERTENLEIB, B. O'KENNEDY , M. POIZAT, N.MAGNENAT-THALMANN, A. STODDART, D.THALMANN, (2005) "Mixing Virtual and Real scenes in the site of ancient Pompeii",Journal of CAVW, p 11-24, Volume 16, Issue 1, John Wiley and Sons Ltd, FebruaryEGGES, A., PAPAGIANNAKIS, G., MAGNENAT-THALMANN, N., (2007) "Presence and Interaction in Mixed Reality", The Visual Computer, Springer-Verlag Volume 23, Number 5, MaySEO H., MAGNENAT-THALMANN N. (2003), An Automatic Modeling of Human Bodies from Sizing Parameters. In ACM SIGGRAPH, Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics, pp19-26, pp234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/641480.641487VOLINO P., MAGNENAT-THALMANN N. (2006), Resolving Surface Collisions through Intersection Contour Minimization. In ACM Transactions on Graphics (Siggraph 2006 proceedings), 25(3), pp 1154-1159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1179352.1142007http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1141911.1142007PAPAGIANNAKIS, G., SINGH, G., MAGNENAT-THALMANN, N., (2008) "A survey of mobile and wireless technologies for augmented reality systems", Journal of Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds, John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 19, 1, pp. 3-22, February http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cav.22

Understanding spatial data usability

In recent geographical information science literature, a number of researchers have made passing reference to an apparently new characteristic of spatial data known as 'usability'. While this attribute is well-known to professionals engaged in software engineering and computer interface design and testing, extension of the concept to embrace information would seem to be a new development. Furthermore, while notions such as the use and value of spatial information, and the diffusion of spatial information systems, have been the subject of research since the late-1980s, the current references to usability clearly represent something which extends well beyond that initial research. Accordingly, the purposes of this paper are: (1) to understand what is meant by spatial data usability; (2) to identify the elements that might comprise usability; and (3) to consider what the related research questions might be

Information entropy and nucleon correlations in nuclei

The information entropies in coordinate and momentum spaces and their sum ($S_r$, $S_k$, $S$) are evaluated for many nuclei using "experimental" densities or/and momentum distributions. The results are compared with the harmonic oscillator model and with the short-range correlated distributions. It is found that $S_r$ depends strongly on $\ln A$ and does not depend very much on the model. The behaviour of $S_k$ is opposite. The various cases we consider can be classified according to either the quantity of the experimental data we use or by the values of $S$, i.e., the increase of the quality of the density and of the momentum distributions leads to an increase of the values of $S$. In all cases, apart from the linear relation $S=a+b\ln A$, the linear relation $S=a_V+b_V \ln V$ also holds. V is the mean volume of the nucleus. If $S$ is considered as an ensemble entropy, a relation between $A$ or $V$ and the ensemble volume can be found. Finally, comparing different electron scattering experiments for the same nucleus, it is found that the larger the momentum transfer ranges, the larger the information entropy is. It is concluded that $S$ could be used to compare different experiments for the same nucleus and to choose the most reliable one.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures, 2 table

Natural language processing

Beginning with the basic issues of NLP, this chapter aims to chart the major research activities in this area since the last ARIST Chapter in 1996 (Haas, 1996), including: (i) natural language text processing systems - text summarization, information extraction, information retrieval, etc., including domain-specific applications; (ii) natural language interfaces; (iii) NLP in the context of www and digital libraries ; and (iv) evaluation of NLP systems

Gauge theories from wrapped and fractional branes

We compare two applications of the gauge/gravity correspondence to a non conformal gauge theory, based respectively on the study of D-branes wrapped on supersymmetric cycles and of fractional D-branes on orbifolds. We study two brane systems whose geometry is dual to N=4, D=2+1 super Yang-Mills theory, the first one describing D4-branes wrapped on a two-sphere inside a Calabi-Yau two-fold and the second one corresponding to a system of fractional D2/D6-branes on the orbifold R^4/Z_2. By probing both geometries we recover the exact perturbative running coupling constant and metric on the moduli space of the gauge theory. We also find a general expression for the running coupling constant of the gauge theory in terms of the "stringy volume" of the two-cycle which is involved in both types of brane systems.Comment: AMS-LaTeX, 35 pages, no figures. Minor typos corrected, version to appear in NP

Imaging Informatics and the Human Brain Project: the Role of Structure, Review

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