3,166 research outputs found

    XML Encoding and Web Services for Spatial OLAP Data Cube Exchange: an SOA Approach

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    XML and Web Services technologies have revolutionized the way data are exchanged on the Internet. Meanwhile, Spatial OLAP (SOLAP) tools have emerged to bridge the gap between the Business Intelligence and Geographic Information Systems domains. While Web Services specifications such as XML for Analysis enable the use of OLAP tools in Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) environments, no solution addresses the exchange of complete SOLAP data cubes (comprising both spatial and descriptive data and metadata) in an interoperable fashion. This paper proposes a new XML grammar for the exchange of SOLAP data cubes, containing both spatial and descriptive data and metadata. It enables the delivery of the cube schema, dimension members (including the geometry of spatial members) and fact data. The use of this XML format is then demonstrated in the context of a Web Service. Such services can be deployed in various situations, not limited to traditional client-server platforms but also ubiquitous mobile computing environments

    Mobile GIS: The Development of Spatial Analysis Tools in an Integrated Environment for Emergency Responders

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    Bringing GIS to the field has many limitations to the end user due to currently available mobile computing and connectivity shortcomings. Of major concern is the lack of spatial analysis and querying abilities currently available in commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) software for mobile applications. Current mobile GIS offers mapping and visualization capabilities, while providing no analytical means to discover the data spatially. Adding spatially-based analysis tools will enable emergency responders to more accurately record the state of a particular area and better understand their surroundings while collecting important field assessments. This allows for more timely and accurate assessments by emergency planners to better allocate resources in the field. This paper outlines the development of both connected or server run, and disconnected analysis tools for emergency responders in a mobile framework. The proposed tools were developed with ESRI‟s ArcGIS Server Mobile Software Development Kit utilizing server technology. They leverage the mobile application based data and internet-based services to perform these tasks. This project is focused on the development, and subsequent inclusion into, an enterprise emergency response system: PREACT

    DIGITAL CULTURAL HERITAGE MEETS DIGITAL HUMANITIES

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    Digital Cultural Heritage and Digital Humanities are, historically seen, in focus of different communities as well as approaching different research topics and - from an organizational point of view - departments. However, are they that different? The idea of this joint article involving digital humanists and heritage researchers is to examine communities, concepts and research applications as well as shared challenges. Beyond a collection of problem-centred essays this is intended to initiate a fruitful discussion about commonalities and differences between both scholarly fields as well as to assess to which extent they are two sides of the same medal

    Accessing 3D Data

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    The issue of access and discoverability is not simply a matter of permissions and availability. To identify, locate, retrieve, and reuse 3D materials requires consideration of a multiplicity of content types, as well as community and financial investment to resolve challenges related to usability, interoperability, sustainability, and equity. This chapter will cover modes, audiences, assets and decision points, technology requirements, and limitations impacting access, as well as providing recommendations for next steps

    Geopackage as future ubiquitous GIS data format: a review

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    The emerging geospatial technologies in earth and space science informatics have led to the advancement in developing international standards for geospatial interoperability. In the last few years, two main trends are making disruptions in geospatial applications; mobile and context sharing. Geospatial data format used in mobile GIS to support advance mobile application is challenged. This is due to the lack of interoperability, open-standard, cross platform and standard APIs for access and management. For instance, most mobile GIS developments are application-dependent, contains redundant geospatial data, consume large storage capacity, and require custom applications for data translation. Based on these issues, new OGC file format named GeoPackage will enable greater geospatial data sharing on mobile and web platform. This data format is an open standard, non-proprietary, platform-independent, container for distribution, and direct use of all kinds of geospatial data will increase cross-platform interoperability, geospatial applications and web services. This presents a comprehensive review of mobile GIS hence, the concept of GeoPackage as a modern geospatial tool was discussed, while its relevance in contemporary geospatial technology are highlighted

    Broad-Scale Patterns in CDOM and Total Organic Matter Concentrations of Inland Waters – Insights from Remote Sensing and GIS

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    The rise in CDOM (coloured dissloved organic matter) is likely to be relatively more pronounced in remote northern regions. However, there is a lack of monitoring to confirm this. For this reason, there is a strong incentive to develop remote sensing-based methods to map CDOM in lakes across broader geographical scales and to include geograghic contex in such analysis. There is a lack of understanding of the mechanisms behind changes in water colour (i.e. CDOM) at large scales. The CDOM variations could be due to varying drivers, such as climate and landscape patterns or catchment features. This means that currently, we do not know the extent to which aquatic ecosystems need conservation efforts, such as management of the surrounding vegetation, to prevent CDOM leakage. Thus, there is need to better understand the drivers behind CDOM changes in inland waters.Over the last few decades, remote sensing technologies and methods have developed dramatically for terrestrial ecosystems. Coupled with the broader availability of remote sensing data, free access to different data sources and the increased resolution of satellite platforms, remote sensing technology now has a significant impact on land monitoring. Due to the increasing demand for high-quality remote sensing data, the technology continues to improve, which makes remote sensing critical for reducing time and funding costs. Similar to these advances in terrestrial remote sensing, there is an increasing potential to provide information about inland waters by using remote sensing. For instance, recent advancements in designing remote sensors, such as the Landsat 8 operational land imager (OLI) and Sentinel-2 multispectral instrument (MSI), have solved past radiometric sensitivity issues and provide high spatial resolution. This thesis explored CDOM patterns on spatial and temporal scales. The overall aim was to investigate the capabilities of remote sensing (RS) and geographic information systems (GIS) to extend CDOM patterns from a regional to a broad scale. Different study sites in Europe, mainly Northern Scandinavia, including large numbers of lakes and rivers, were tested on different scales.The results shows how climate changes (from wet to dry) can result in a combination of changes in hydrology, vegetation type and productivity, which can lead to intra-annual variations in the CDOM of recipient waters. It is also shown that drought can temporarily decrease values of CDOM in boreal lakes. In addition, it is demonstrated that combining remote sensing and GIS tools is an effective way to reveal the impact of different catchment parameters and morphometry on lake CDOM concentration. Moreover, the thesis shows that utlizing long-term remote sensing records of CDOM from the last few decades is a successful approach to fill the gaps of the missing lake data from in situ assessments. Finally, the results helped to explore links between water browning and the organic matter degradation rates in temperate European rivers at a continental scale. In conclusion, this thesis demonstrates the pogential use of remote sensing for mapping CDOM in a wide range of inland waters that are situated in complex, inaccessible regions that are not well- monitored

    Internet of things

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    Manual of Digital Earth / Editors: Huadong Guo, Michael F. Goodchild, Alessandro Annoni .- Springer, 2020 .- ISBN: 978-981-32-9915-3Digital Earth was born with the aim of replicating the real world within the digital world. Many efforts have been made to observe and sense the Earth, both from space (remote sensing) and by using in situ sensors. Focusing on the latter, advances in Digital Earth have established vital bridges to exploit these sensors and their networks by taking location as a key element. The current era of connectivity envisions that everything is connected to everything. The concept of the Internet of Things(IoT)emergedasaholisticproposaltoenableanecosystemofvaried,heterogeneous networked objects and devices to speak to and interact with each other. To make the IoT ecosystem a reality, it is necessary to understand the electronic components, communication protocols, real-time analysis techniques, and the location of the objects and devices. The IoT ecosystem and the Digital Earth (DE) jointly form interrelated infrastructures for addressing today’s pressing issues and complex challenges. In this chapter, we explore the synergies and frictions in establishing an efficient and permanent collaboration between the two infrastructures, in order to adequately address multidisciplinary and increasingly complex real-world problems. Although there are still some pending issues, the identified synergies generate optimism for a true collaboration between the Internet of Things and the Digital Earth
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