Enabling effective operational decision making on a Combined Heat and Power System using the 5C architecture

The use of Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) to optimise industrial energy systems is an approach which has the potential to positively impact on manufacturing sector energy efficiency. The need to obtain data to facilitate the implementation of a CPS in an industrial energy system is however a complex task which is often implemented in a non-standardised way. The use of the 5C CPS architecture has the potential to standardise this approach. This paper describes a case study where data from a Combined Heat and Power (CHP) system located in a large manufacturing company was fused with grid electricity and gas models as well as a maintenance cost model using the 5C architecture with a view to making effective decisions on its cost efficient operation. A control change implemented based on the cognitive analysis enabled via the 5C architecture implementation has resulted in energy cost savings of over €7400 over a four-month period, with energy cost savings of over €150,000 projected once the 5C architecture is extended into the production environment

Energy efficiency in discrete-manufacturing systems: insights, trends, and control strategies

Since the depletion of fossil energy sources, rising energy prices, and governmental regulation restrictions, the current manufacturing industry is shifting towards more efficient and sustainable systems. This transformation has promoted the identification of energy saving opportunities and the development of new technologies and strategies oriented to improve the energy efficiency of such systems. This paper outlines and discusses most of the research reported during the last decade regarding energy efficiency in manufacturing systems, the current technologies and strategies to improve that efficiency, identifying and remarking those related to the design of management/control strategies. Based on this fact, this paper aims to provide a review of strategies for reducing energy consumption and optimizing the use of resources within a plant into the context of discrete manufacturing. The review performed concerning the current context of manufacturing systems, control systems implemented, and their transformation towards Industry 4.0 might be useful in both the academic and industrial dimension to identify trends and critical points and suggest further research lines.Peer ReviewedPreprin

Knowledge Discovery in the SCADA Databases Used for the Municipal Power Supply System

This scientific paper delves into the problems related to the develop-ment of intellectual data analysis system that could support decision making to manage municipal power supply services. The management problems of mu-nicipal power supply system have been specified taking into consideration modern tendencies shown by new technologies that allow for an increase in the energy efficiency. The analysis findings of the system problems related to the integrated computer-aided control of the power supply for the city have been given. The consideration was given to the hierarchy-level management decom-position model. The objective task targeted at an increase in the energy effi-ciency to minimize expenditures and energy losses during the generation and transportation of energy carriers to the Consumer, the optimization of power consumption at the prescribed level of the reliability of pipelines and networks and the satisfaction of Consumers has been defined. To optimize the support of the decision making a new approach to the monitoring of engineering systems and technological processes related to the energy consumption and transporta-tion using the technologies of geospatial analysis and Knowledge Discovery in databases (KDD) has been proposed. The data acquisition for analytical prob-lems is realized in the wireless heterogeneous medium, which includes soft-touch VPN segments of ZigBee technology realizing the 6LoWPAN standard over the IEEE 802.15.4 standard and also the segments of the networks of cellu-lar communications. JBoss Application Server is used as a server-based plat-form for the operation of the tools used for the retrieval of data collected from sensor nodes, PLC and energy consumption record devices. The KDD tools are developed using Java Enterprise Edition platform and Spring and ORM Hiber-nate technologies

The Use of Contact Heat Generators of the New Generation for Heat Production

We substantiated the need for searching for, and realization of, fundamentally new approaches, using more efficient physical, heat-mass-exchanging and aerodynamic processes, which will make it possible to improve energy effectiveness and ecological cleanliness of heat generation in the systems for individual and decentralized heat supply.For the heat supply to large cities and industrial regions, we examined the advantages of using highly efficient contact heat-generators of different types, which include compactness due to low metal consumption and, as a result, attractive price.It is proposed to use a heat-generator of contact type of the new generation, with the aid of which it was possible to solve a set of problems on the qualitative combustion of fuel and effective heat exchange of gases with the heated water. The use of tubular technology for the combustion of gas is its special feature. Due to it, quality heat exchanging characteristics are provided.In view of further studies, we presented the relevance of creating heat-generators with the use of highly effective hydrogen technologies, which will make it possible to devise the new energy paradigm of heat supply for residential areas and industrial zones through the possibility of accumulation of electrical energy and accumulation of hydrogen

Renewable generation and demand response integration in micro-grids: development of a new energy management and control system

The aim of this research resides in the development of an energy management and control system (EMCS) to control a micro-grid based on the use of renewable generation and demand resources to introduce the application of demand response concepts to the management of micro-grids in order to effectively integrate the demand side as an operation resource for the grid and improve energy efficiency of the elements. As an additional result, the evaluation of reductions in the total amount of CO2 emitted into the atmosphere due to the improvement of the energy efficiency of the system is assessed.Álvarez, C.; Escrivá-Escrivá, G.; Alcázar-Ortega, M. (2013). Renewable generation and demand response integration in micro-grids: development of a new energy management and control system. Energy Efficiency. 6(2):695-706. doi:10.1007/s12053-013-9207-9S69570662Alcázar-Ortega, M. 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(2005). “Analysis of the Connection of a Microturbine to a Low Voltage Grid”. Future Power Systems, International Conference on 16–18 Nov. 2005 Page(s):1–5Chiu A., Ipakchi A., Chuang A., Qiu B., Brooks D., Koch E., et al. (2009), Framework for integrated demand response (DR) and distributed energy resources (DER) models. NAESB & UCAIug. September; 2009. .Cowart, R. (2001). “Efficient reliability, the critical role of demand-side resources in power systems and markets”. The national association of regulatory utility commissioners, junioDimeas, A. L., & Hatziargyriou, N. D. (2005). Operation of a multiagent system for microgrid control. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Transactions on Power Systems, 20(3), 1447–1455.Elgerd, O. (1982). Electric energy systems: theory and introduction. New York: McGraw-Hill.Escrivá, G., Alcázar,M., Alvarez,C. (2009). “Integral management system for the energy efficiency improvement in commercial facilities: Application to the Polytechnic University of Valencia”. International conference on renewable energy and power quality (ICREPQ’09), AprilEscrivá-Escrivá, G., Segura-Heras, I., & Alcázar-Ortega, M. (2010). Application of an energy management and control system to assess the potential of different control strategies in HVAC systems. Energy and Buildings, 42(11), 2258–2267.European Commission (2003), “New ERA for electricity in Europe”. Directorate General for Research.Ghiani, E. Mocci, S. and Pilo, F. (2005). “Optimal reconfiguration of distribution networks according to the microgrid paradigm”. Future Power Systems, International Conference on16-18 Nov. 2005 Page(s):6 ppGlover, J., Sarma, M., & Overbye, T. (2008). Power systems: analysis and design. Toronto: Thompson.Hatziargyriou, N.D., Dimeas, A., Tsikalakis, A.G., Pecas Lopes, J.A., Kariniotakis, G.G, and Oyarzabal, J. (2005). “Management of Microgrids in Market Environment”. Future Power Systems, International Conference on 16–18 Nov. Page(s):1 – 7.ICF Consulting. (2002). “Economic assessment of RTO policy Report”. FERC, mayo 2002.Jayawarna, N., Wu, S., Zhang, Y., Jenkins N. and Barnes, M. (2006). “Stability of a Microgrids”. Power Electronics, Machines and Drives. The 3rd IET International Conference on Mar. 2006 Page(s):316 – 320Kennedy, J., Fox, B., & Morrow, D. J. (2007). Distributed generation as a balancing resource for wind generation. IET Renewable Power Generation, 1(3), 167–174.Kirschen, D. S. (2003). Demand-side view of electricity markets. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Transactions, 18, 520–527.Kojima, Y., Koshio, M., Nakamura, S., Maejima, H., Fujioka, Y. and Goda, T. (2007). “A Demonstration Project in Hachinohe: Microgrids with Private Distribution Line”. System of Systems Engineering. SoSE ‘07. 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Carbon capture from natural gas combined cycle power plants: Solvent performance comparison at an industrial scale

Natural gas is an important source of energy. This article addresses the problem of integrating an existing natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) power plant with a carbon capture process using various solvents. The power plant and capture process have mutual interactions in terms of the flue gas flow rate and composition vs. the extracted steam required for solvent regeneration. Therefore, evaluating solvent performance at a single (nominal) operating point is not indicative and solvent performance should be considered subject to the overall process operability and over a wide range of operating conditions. In the present research, a novel optimization framework was developed in which design and operation of the capture process are optimized simultaneously and their interactions with the upstream power plant are fully captured. The developed framework was applied for solvent comparison which demonstrated that GCCmax, a newly developed solvent, features superior performances compared to the monoethanolamine baseline solvent