Human/Technology Adaptation Fit Theory for Healthcare

In this document we extend and join Adaptive Structuration Theory with Task Technology Fit Theory and apply it to a health information technology setting. In our model, Human/Technology Adaptation Fit (HTAF) Theory, we assess the interactions between individual users and health information technologies. We develop HTAF, a model that focuses on the intersection of user adaptation and technology adaptation under the contexts of voluntary or mandatory health information technology, which both scholars and practitioners can use to determine the effects of the implementation of new technologies

Exploring Technology and Task Adaptation Among Individual Users of Mobile Technology

IS research often focuses on the contributions of information systems to organizational productivity. The task-technology fit theory proposes a positive contribution to performance when there is a good fit between the technology and the task. The fit appropriation model further proposes that the relationship between fit and performance is moderated by the user’s appropriation of the technology. This research extends these theories by investigating the role of adaptation in the fit between task and technology. Prior research has modeled adaptation as a single construct encompassing task, technology and the individual, which does not allow for an understanding of the relationship among these items. We propose that adaptation should be measured as two distinct constructs. We develop and validate a scale to measure task adaptation and technology adaption and find support for task adaption as a mediator of the effects of technology adaptation on performance

The problem of socio-psychological adaptation of the individual in the current development of information technology

У статті здійснено аналіз проблеми соціально-психологічної адаптації особистості на сучасному етапі розвитку інформаційних технологій з погляду її оптимізації. Відзначено необхідність вивчення соціально-психологічної адаптації особистості в процесі професійної підготовки майбутніх фахівців з інформаційних технологій.В статье проведен анализ проблемы социально-психологической адаптации личности на современном этапе развития информационных технологий с точки зрения ее оптимизации. Отмечена необходимость изучения социально-психологической адаптации личности в процессе профессиональной подготовки будущих специалистов по информационным технологиям.The article analyzes the problems of social and psychological adjustment of the individual in the current development of information technology in terms of optimization. Noted the need to explore the social and psychological adjustment of the individual in the training of future professionals

What makes “the System” tick? - Explaining Individuals’ Adaptation Behavior towards Effective Use in Enterprise System Implementations

Over the last three decades, research on adoption, implementation, and use of information technology in organizations such as technology acceptance has undoubtedly provided for valuable and important insights. However, there is still a lack of understanding of users’ responses to new IT, their adaptation behaviors and associated outcomes such as effective use in organizations. With a critical realist case study and new conceptualization of individuals’ adaptation behavior, we studied an Enterprise System (ES) implementation in work systems of a financial services provider. We found evidence for four generic adaptation modes as response to the ES implementation that are based on mechanisms of exploration or exploitation of knowledge, communication and structures of the ES. These modes can be instantiated differently by each individual, leading to different adaptation patterns that drive effective use and work system assimilation and thus can influence benefits from ES.\

Using Cognitive Mapping to Represent and Share Users’ Interpretations of Technology

An assumption implied by much of the literature in information systems (IS) research is that people’s interpretations of technology influence the way in which technology gets adapted in organizations. Despite this acknowledgment, little insight is provided for how these interpretations can be elicited, and only a few studies suggest methods for doing so. In this article we address this opportunity by advancing cognitive mapping as a well-established method to systematically inquire into people’s interpretations of technology. We show how cognitive maps can serve as visual means of representation of these interpretations and discuss how the maps can be used to facilitate individual reflection and collective negotiation of technology adaptation. We illustrate the use of the cognitive mapping method with a case example of the introduction of an electronic patient record (EPR) system in a hospital setting. Based on our findings, we engage in a discussion of the value of cognitive mapping as a facilitating technique of individual reflection, as well as collective negotiation and construction in relation to technology adaptation. This implies a discussion of the epistemological, theoretical, and practical implications of its use

Domain Adaptation for Enterprise Email Search

In the enterprise email search setting, the same search engine often powers multiple enterprises from various industries: technology, education, manufacturing, etc. However, using the same global ranking model across different enterprises may result in suboptimal search quality, due to the corpora differences and distinct information needs. On the other hand, training an individual ranking model for each enterprise may be infeasible, especially for smaller institutions with limited data. To address this data challenge, in this paper we propose a domain adaptation approach that fine-tunes the global model to each individual enterprise. In particular, we propose a novel application of the Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD) approach to information retrieval, which attempts to bridge the gap between the global data distribution and the data distribution for a given individual enterprise. We conduct a comprehensive set of experiments on a large-scale email search engine, and demonstrate that the MMD approach consistently improves the search quality for multiple individual domains, both in comparison to the global ranking model, as well as several competitive domain adaptation baselines including adversarial learning methods.Comment: Proceedings of the 42nd International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieva

Climate change adaptation in the boardroom

Abstract Climate adaptation is recognised by many of the world’s largest businesses as a global risk and one that requires critical attention. The World Economic Forum’s 2013 Global Risks Perception Survey, identified the ‘failure of climate change adaptation and rising greenhouse gas emissions as among those global risks considered to be the most likely to materialize within a decade’ (p.16). Yet despite action by many transnationals and international firms, it seems evident that most Australian companies appear to be struggling to move forward in responding to climate change impacts, apparently paralysed by short-term profit-first thinking, uncertain political risks and a corporate culture unused to volatility and disruption. Research approach This project set out to communicate adaptation to climate change to the “big end of town” and to gather soft data, acquire information and present issues back to the National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility (NCCARF), the funder of this research. Our approach to the research challenge differed from a traditional technical, analytical or academic method. We used action-learning principles to engage a community in which we, as advisors to corporate Australia and as co-researchers, have social capital and standing. Through trusted information sharing networks, private closed-door meetings and one on one conversation with executives and senior management from over 100 companies we shared ideas, gathered, researched and refined information and tested our findings. Findings Our findings from the boardroom engagement include the following:   The Australian Government expects the private sector to adapt, yet little or no incentives exist to promote this behaviour. Autonomous adaptation as practiced may only benefit the lead actor while creating disbenefit for others (including other corporations, society and the environment). Market practices on current paradigms cannot be expected to meet greater societal adaptation needs. Further adaptation research is required in some areas to help guide shape and monitor adaptation for the private sector. A multiplicity of policy reform may be necessary, but crafting and implementing it is likely to remain beyond the capability of the Australian Public Service (APS) or individual Governments. Highly sophisticated mining, gas and some Asian owned technology companies are leading the way with many opportunities missed by Australian companies. Adaptation for the corporate sector is a key strategic issue, unlike mitigation and corporate social responsibility (CSR), as it benefits the corporate primarily. Insurance dependency may only be a short-term risk transfer mechanism as, in its current paradigm, it can mask risk, create a false sense of security and may impede adaptation.   Conclusion We hope that this report is of benefit to Australian organisations, policy makers, regulators and to researchers in adaptation science. This project shows that, on a whole, the Australian private sector is giving little consideration about the impacts climate change. This project has identified that considerable research gaps exist, but has also provided direction for organisations and researchers. Individual corporations and private sector peak bodies urgently need to explore the risks and opportunities that climate change and associated responses bring. This is especially so for the ICT, aviation, energy, insurance and finance sectors. Please cite this report as: Johnston, GS, Burton, DL, Baker-Jones, M, 2013 Climate Change Adaptation in the Boardroom National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility, Gold Coast. pp. 81

The use of e-Learning technologies in orphans training programs

There is an increasing number of orphans and children left without parental care worldwide according to national monitoring as well as individual scientific studies. Education helps to improve the efficiency of children’s social adaptation and expand their world outlook. The research was carried out in 2016-2017 on the territory of three large regions of Russia (Belgorod, Saratov, Zabaykalye), and was based on the use of indepth interviews with Information technology school teacher

Net-distributed Co-operation Including Developing Countries, Practical Case Study - Iran

The scientific transfer of key technology features to developing countries, together with adequate competence, localisation and adaptation, is the primary purpose of the proposed investigation. It is evident that introducing high-level CAD design and detailing will improve the planning process in developing countries. Successful utilization of applied information technology for the planning process, however, depends on the user-interface of individual software. Therefore, to open the great opportunity embedded in CAD software for clients globally, the language and character-set barrier of traditional user-interfaces must be overcome. A proposal for a research program is given here to address such issue in favour of global civil engineering

Climate-Adapted Soil Cultivation as an Aspect for Sustainable Farming – Task-Technology-Fit of a Decision Support System

Due to global climate change and its impact on local weather conditions, decision support systems are becoming more important in agriculture. Such systems allow farmers to adapt more effectively to the complex changes affecting their farms. Marginal production sites must apply new tillage strategies adapted to new climatic conditions. Information about proper strategy adjustments is often disseminated through agricultural extension services and journals. A new internet information platform, KlimaBob, which focuses on climate-flexible tillage, was established under the auspices of the Innovation Network of Climate Change Adaptation Brandenburg Berlin. Successful and permanent introduction of such a system requires analysis and verification of its acceptance among individual farmers. This study addresses this need by applying the established task-technology fit approach. A survey was conducted among farmers in the Brandenburg region. The resulting data provided the basis for a structural equation model that explains and evaluates the task-technology fit of the KlimaBob platform. The results indicate that the performance spectrum of the system exerts a strong influence on the task-technology fit when assessed by both the name characteristics of KlimaBob and the individual characteristics of users (for example, time management, technology affinity and risk attitude)