Characterization and computation of control invariant sets within target regionsfor linear impulsive control systems

Linear impulsively controlled systems are suitable to describe a venue of real-life problems, going from disease treatment to aerospace guidance. The main characteristic of such systems is that they remain uncontrolled for certain periods of time. As a consequence, punctual equilibria characterizations outside the origin are no longer useful, and the whole concept of equilibrium and its natural extension, the controlled invariant sets, needs to be redefined. Also, an exact characterization of the admissible states, i.e., states such that their uncontrolled evolution between impulse times remain within a predefined set, is required. An approach to such tasks -- based on the Markov-Lukasz theorem -- is presented, providing a tractable and non-conservative characterization, emerging from polynomial positivity that has application to systems with rational eigenvalues. This is in turn the basis for obtaining a tractable approximation to the maximal admissible invariant sets. In this work, it is also demonstrated that, in order for the problem to have a solution, an invariant set (and moreover, an equilibrium set) must be contained within the target zone. To assess the proposal, the so-obtained impulsive invariant set is explicitly used in the formulation of a set-based model predictive controller, with application to zone tracking. In this context, specific MPC theory needs to be considered, as the target is not necessarily stable in the sense of Lyapunov. A zone MPC formulation is proposed, which is able to i) track an invariant set such that the uncontrolled propagation fulfills the zone constraint at all times and ii) converge asymptotically to the set of periodic orbits completely contained within the target zone.Fil: Sánchez, Ignacio Julián Rodolfo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Matemática Aplicada del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Matemática Aplicada del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Louembet, Christophe. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia. Universite de Toulose - Le Mirail; FranciaFil: Actis, Marcelo Jesús. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería Química; ArgentinaFil: González, Alejandro Hernán. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química; Argentin

Basal-Bolus Advisor for Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) Patients Using Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (RL) Methodology

This paper presents a novel multi-agent reinforcement learning (RL) approach for personalized glucose control in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The method employs a closed-loop system consisting of a blood glucose (BG) metabolic model and a multi-agent soft actor-critic RL model acting as the basal-bolus advisor. Performance evaluation is conducted in three scenarios, comparing the RL agents to conventional therapy. Evaluation metrics include glucose levels (minimum, maximum, and mean), time spent in different BG ranges, and average daily bolus and basal insulin dosages. Results demonstrate that the RL-based basal-bolus advisor significantly improves glucose control, reducing glycemic variability and increasing time spent within the target range (70-180 mg/dL). Hypoglycemia events are effectively prevented, and severe hyperglycemia events are reduced. The RL approach also leads to a statistically significant reduction in average daily basal insulin dosage compared to conventional therapy. These findings highlight the effectiveness of the multi-agent RL approach in achieving better glucose control and mitigating the risk of severe hyperglycemia in individuals with T1D.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, 1 Tabl

Fault Detection in Type-1 Diabetic Patients Wearing a Glucose Sensor and an Insulin Pump

Despite the technological advance, which results in enhancements of the devices that make possible the realization of a wearable AP for the treatment of type 1 diabetes, occasional transient failures of the CGMs or of the CSIIs, still occur during the whole day and these can lead to severe problems and risks for the safety of the patients.\nIn this thesis, it is developed a Fault Detection Method (FDM) for the detection of technological failures and possible human errorsopenEmbargo per motivi di segretezza e/o di proprietà dei risultati e/o informazioni sensibil

Modeling and Prediction in Diabetes Physiology

Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by the inability of the organism to autonomously regulate the blood glucose levels. It requires continuing medical care to prevent acute complications and to reduce the risk of long-term complications. Inadequate glucose control is associated with damage, dysfunction and failure of various organs. The management of the disease is non trivial and demanding. With today’s standards of current diabetes care, good glucose regulation needs constant attention and decision-making by the individuals with diabetes. Empowering the patients with a decision support system would, therefore, improve their quality of life without additional burdens nor replacing human expertise. This thesis investigates the use of data-driven techniques to the purpose of glucose metabolism modeling and short-term blood-glucose predictions in Type I Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM). The goal was to use models and predictors in an advisory tool able to produce personalized short-term blood glucose predictions and on-the-spot decision making concerning the most adequate choice of insulin delivery, meal intake and exercise, to help diabetic subjects maintaining glycemia as close to normal as possible. The approaches taken to describe the glucose metabolism were discrete-time and continuous-time models on input-output form and statespace form, while the blood glucose short-term predictors, i.e., up to 120 minutes ahead, used ARX-, ARMAX- and subspace-based prediction

Food addiction: Implications for the diagnosis and treatment of overeating

This is the final version. Available from MDPI via the DOI in this record. With the obesity epidemic being largely attributed to overeating, much research has been aimed at understanding the psychological causes of overeating and using this knowledge to develop targeted interventions. Here, we review this literature under a model of food addiction and present evidence according to the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5) criteria for substance use disorders. We review several innovative treatments related to a food addiction model ranging from cognitive intervention tasks to neuromodulation techniques. We conclude that there is evidence to suggest that, for some individuals, food can induce addictive-type behaviours similar to those seen with other addictive substances. However, with several DSM-5 criteria having limited application to overeating, the term ‘food addiction’ is likely to apply only in a minority of cases. Nevertheless, research investigating the underlying psychological causes of overeating within the context of food addiction has led to some novel and potentially effective interventions. Understanding the similarities and differences between the addictive characteristics of food and illicit substances should prove fruitful in further developing these interventions.Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research CouncilEuropean Research Counci

To Study the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and to Evaluate the Cognitive, Hyperactive and Impulsive Behavior Against 6- OHDA Hbr Lesioned Sprague Dawley Neonates Using Hyperaxe, Curcumin & Quercetin

The present study has revealed the ameliorative effect of HYPERAXE and CURCUMIN on 6-OHDA HBr induced Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in SD neonates. 6-OHDA induced impairment of memory was assessed by using various behavioral parameters like Pole climbing apparatus and Morris water maze test. It was found that treatment with HYPERAXE and CURCUMIN protect cognitive deficits in 6-OHDA HBr induced ADHD. Spatial learning in the open field habituation was approached to access learning and memory. The decrease in response to a normal environment after repeated exposures to the familiar environment is referred to spatial habitual learning. Recurrent exposure produces a decrease in the exploratory initiatives, which is implicative of memory pertaining to a specific feature of that environment. Exploratory activities may be reduced on subsequent contact with closed field. In the result of this study reduced by the group of animals treated with HYPERAXE and CURCUMIN indicated increased spatial habitual learning and sleep deprivation decreased spatial habitual learning. Impulsive and hyperactive behavior was assessed using Actimeter and Elevated zero maze based on locomotion in closed field and novel maze environment and treatment with HYPERAXE & CURCUMIN reported that the reduction in the locomoter activity and increased time spent duration in open environment when compared to 6-OHDA HBr animals which exhibited high locomoter count and time spent duration in closed field. Anxiolytic behavior which has some linkage in ADHD was assessed by dark-light compartment and marble burying behavior. 6-OHDA HBr induced ADHD animals showed high anxiety behavior when compared with control groups and the deficit animals were treated with HYPERAXE & CURCUMIN which showed potent reduction in the anxiolytic behavior. It was concluded by that the deficit animals buried more no of marbles when compared with HYPERAXE & CURCUMIN group and also deficit animals spend more time in dark compartment when compared with treatment group. SUMMARY: Clinical trials and research on herbal aids for ADHD are by no means perfect. But as interest and understanding about ADHD continue to grow, so will scientific knowledge about these herbal treatments be of significant importance as complementary, if not alternative solutions, for ADHD. CONCLUSION: The developed method using pretreatment with imipramine instead of desipramine showed good result which was comparable with the standard method available in literature review. So, the Mechanism of action of desipramine is to protect noradrenergic neuron which was used as a standard and pretreatment with imipramine produced similar levels. Hence I conclude that desipramine which is difficult to procure in many countries instead of that imipramine can be used. The combination of Atomoxetine and Quercetin significantly benefited in impulsive, cognitive behavior and stabilized the skeletal muscle activity. The selected dose 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg of Hyperaxe showed significant action in impulsive, cognitive behavior and skeletal muscle activity but higher dose 400mg/kg showed better action than lower dose 200mg/kg. The selected dose 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg of Curcumin showed significant action in impulsive, cognitive behavior and skeletal muscle activity but higher dose 400mg/kg showed better action than lower dose 200mg/kg. The present study relieved the action of Atomoxetine+Quercetin, Hyperaxe and Curcumin on 6-OHDA HBr induced Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Sprague dawley neonate model. From the results it can be concluded that Atomoxetine+Quercetin, Hyperaxe and Curcumin has remarkable effect in memory enhancement and oxidative stress. Further studies are required for the identification of molecular level action and individual phytoconstitutent that may responsible for CNS action

Internet addiction and lonliness among Portugese elementary school students: an exploratory quantitative study [poster]

1st World Congress of Children and Youth Health Behaviors / 4th National Congress on Health Education: Viseu, Portugal: May 23-25, 201