25 research outputs found
ESIA: An Efficient and Stable Identity Authentication for Internet of Vehicles
Decentralized, tamper-proof blockchain is regarded as a solution to a
challenging authentication issue in the Internet of Vehicles (IoVs). However,
the consensus time and communication overhead of blockchain increase
significantly as the number of vehicles connected to the blockchain. To address
this issue, vehicular fog computing has been introduced to improve efficiency.
However, existing studies ignore several key factors such as the number of
vehicles in the fog computing system, which can impact the consensus
communication overhead. Meanwhile, there is no comprehensive study on the
stability of vehicular fog composition. The vehicle movement will lead to
dynamic changes in fog. If the composition of vehicular fog is unstable, the
blockchain formed by this fog computing system will be unstable, which can
affect the consensus efficiency. With the above considerations, we propose an
efficient and stable identity authentication (ESIA) empowered by hierarchical
blockchain and fog computing. By grouping vehicles efficiently, ESIA has low
communication complexity and achieves high stability. Moreover, to enhance the
consensus security of the hierarchical blockchain, the consensus process is
from the bottom layer to the up layer (bottom-up), which we call B2UHChain.
Through theoretical analysis and simulation verification, our scheme achieves
the design goals of high efficiency and stability while significantly improving
the IoV scalability to the power of 1.5 (^1.5) under similar security to a
single-layer blockchain. In addition, ESIA has less communication and
computation overhead, lower latency, and higher throughput than other baseline
authentication schemes
Efficient Rate-Splitting Multiple Access for the Internet of Vehicles: Federated Edge Learning and Latency Minimization
Rate-Splitting Multiple Access (RSMA) has recently found favour in the
multi-antenna-aided wireless downlink, as a benefit of relaxing the accuracy of
Channel State Information at the Transmitter (CSIT), while in achieving high
spectral efficiency and providing security guarantees. These benefits are
particularly important in high-velocity vehicular platoons since their high
Doppler affects the estimation accuracy of the CSIT. To tackle this challenge,
we propose an RSMA-based Internet of Vehicles (IoV) solution that jointly
considers platoon control and FEderated Edge Learning (FEEL) in the downlink.
Specifically, the proposed framework is designed for transmitting the unicast
control messages within the IoV platoon, as well as for privacy-preserving
FEEL-aided downlink Non-Orthogonal Unicasting and Multicasting (NOUM). Given
this sophisticated framework, a multi-objective optimization problem is
formulated to minimize both the latency of the FEEL downlink and the deviation
of the vehicles within the platoon. To efficiently solve this problem, a Block
Coordinate Descent (BCD) framework is developed for decoupling the main
multi-objective problem into two sub-problems. Then, for solving these
non-convex sub-problems, a Successive Convex Approximation (SCA) and Model
Predictive Control (MPC) method is developed for solving the FEEL-based
downlink problem and platoon control problem, respectively. Our simulation
results show that the proposed RSMA-based IoV system outperforms the
conventional systems