49 research outputs found
Emerging Hydro-Climatic Patterns, Teleconnections and Extreme Events in Changing World at Different Timescales
This Special Issue is expected to advance our understanding of these emerging patterns, teleconnections, and extreme events in a changing world for more accurate prediction or projection of their changes especially on different spatial–time scales
YOUMARES 8 – Oceans Across Boundaries: Learning from each other
This open access book presents the proceedings volume of the YOUMARES 8 conference, which took place in Kiel, Germany, in September 2017, supported by the German Association for Marine Sciences (DGM). The YOUMARES conference series is entirely bottom-up organized by and for YOUng MARine RESearchers. Qualified early career scientists moderated the scientific sessions during the conference and provided literature reviews on aspects of their research field. These reviews and the presenters’ conference abstracts are compiled here. Thus, this book discusses highly topical fields of marine research and aims to act as a source of knowledge and inspiration for further reading and research
Oceanic response to Hurricane Irma (2017) in the Exclusive Economic Zone of Cuba and the eastern Gulf of Mexico
An understanding of the oceanic response to tropical cyclones is of importance for studies on climate change, ecological variability and environmental protection. Hurricane Irma (2017, Atlantic Ocean) broke many records, including the fact that it was the first category 5 hurricane making landfall in Cuba since 1924. In this study, we assess the oceanic response of the waters of the Cuban Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and the eastern Gulf of Mexico (GoM) to the passage of this hurricane. Overall, Irma led to a weak sea surface cooling in the EEZ, which was associated with the thermal structure of its waters and the fact that it was affected by the left-side quadrants of this hurricane. This cooling was driven by mixing and upwelling processes. In contrast, the chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentration increase was comparable with climatological records, suggesting that horizontal advection of coastal waters and entrainment of chl-a rich waters from remote regions of the GoM influenced the post-storm chl-a concentration. Moreover, Irma increased the chl-a concentration in the northeastern GoM and stimulated the offshore transport of these chl-a-rich waters to the interior GoM. A high chl-a plume (HCP) extended southward across the eastern GoM during the first post-storm week of Irma, and these waters reached the northwestern Cuban coast following the Loop Current. An intensification of the geostrophic currents of an anticyclonic eddy at the upper front of the Loop Current, the formation of an anticyclonic-cyclonic eddy pair in the northeastern GoM and wind-driven advection governed the extension of this HCP
Climate change : impacts on the socio-economic conditions of fishing people in the coastal region of Bangladesh
Climate change has been one of the most critical concerns in recent decades globally. Climate change is predicted to have a range of direct and indirect impacts on marine and freshwater capture fisheries, with implications for fisheries-dependent economies and coastal fishing communities. Bangladesh is one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change in the world. Being a coastal country where most of its people’s living is heavily dependent on fishing, the socio-economic rights of the coastal fishing people are being conspicuously affected by climate change. The coastal environments particularly at risk include low-lying coastal plains, sandy beaches, coastal wetlands and coral reefs. Socio-economic conditions of fish farmers, especially in the coastal region in Bangladesh, have been severely affected because of climate change. The impacts of climate change are increasing, including natural disasters—such as rise in sea level—climate disasters and ecological imbalances that are the primary culprits in the demolition, deterioration or diminishment of the socio-economic rights of the coastal fishing people in Bangladesh. This research analyses the impacts of climate change on coastal fishing people as well as the significant human rights of coastal fishing people that are affected by climate change. The research examines the causes, impacts on, and the relation between climate change and the socio-economic and environmental rights of the coastal fishing people. This study investigates the existing international laws, declarations, conventions and agreements that are relevant for the mitigation of the impacts of climate change on coastal fishing people. In order to evaluate the current regime, the research also investigates the legal and institutional arrangements for the improvement of the socio-economic and environmental conditions of the coastal people of three other coastal states of the Bay of Bengal (BoB) including India, Sri Lanka and Maldives. This research critically analyses the existing legal frameworks in relation to climate change and climate-induced impacts on the coastal fishing people of Bangladesh. In light of this, this thesis identifies several social and legal drawbacks that are affecting socio-economic conditions of the coastal fishing communities in Bangladesh. Finally, this research proposes recommendations for improving the socio-economic conditions of the coastal fishing people of Bangladesh that could be helpful for policy makers to address the issue more effectively
CMFRI Annual Report 2019
Compared to 2018, marine fish landings
during 2019 increased by 2.1% from
3.49 million tonnes to 3.56 million
tonnes. In terms of total marine fish
landings, Tamil Nadu overtook Gujarat
after several years. Emergence of the
Red toothed trigger fish (Odonus niger)
a major resource was unusual with
simultaneous reduction in landings of
Indian oil sardine and mackerel. Six
cyclonic storms in a year along the
Indian coast was also an unprecedented
climatic phenomenon.
In 2019, marine fish landings was
valued at Rs.60,881 crores at landing
Centre and Rs.92356 crores at retail
Centre. CMFRI prepared and published
minimum legal size proposals for
resources of Tamil Nadu (113 species)
and Maharashtra (58 species).
Management plan for marine fisheries of
Gujarat, non-detriment findings on silky
and thresher sharks of Indian Ocean,
policy advisory and guidance for good
mussel farming practices, advisories and
precautions for jelly fish fishers are some
noteworthy outputs.
A National Mariculture Policy 2019 (NMP
2019) was submitted to the Department
of Fisheries (DoF) and National Fisheries
Development Board (NFDB). A Working
Group 3 Report [Fisheries, Aquaculture
and Fish Processing] for developing a
road map to Blue Economy of India was
submitted to the Economic Advisory
Council to the Prime Minister (EAC-PM).
Otolith and statolith research in fisheries
was used for environmental impact
assessment, as well as taxonomic
ambiguity resolution. Otoliths were also
used to make jewelry.
In the area of marine environment
management research, Blue carbon
stock of sea grass meadows of Palk
Bay was quantified, 3D profile of
the blue carbon stock of sediments
of the mangroves from Vembanad
Lake was analysed, changes in the
breeding patterns of three pelagic bird
species viz., Sooty tern, Brown Noddy,
Great Crusted Tern were recorded at
Pitti in Lakshadweep.
In the area of mariculture, CMFRI
installed 2608 cages all over the country.
First spawning and hatching of Siganus
vermiculatus was achieved. Micronursery
hatchery system (down welling
and upwelling system) developed
at Vizhinjam has yielded 0.2 million
seed of green mussel seeds which
were supplied to the State Fisheries
department for farming. Seed/yolk sac
larval production of fishes viz., Indian
pompano (3.4 lakhs), orange spotted
grouper (100,000), Lethrinus lentjan
(100 lakhs), Penaeus semisulcatus
(PL15–500 lakhs) and Sepioteuthis
lessoniana (1950) were produced and
distributed to selected beneficiaries and
private entrepreneurs for marine cage
and coastal pond farming/sea ranching.
CMFRI closed the life cycle of one
food fish Siganus vermiculatus (Rabbit
fish) two more marine ornamentals–
Pseudanthias squamipinnis (Sea goldie
or lyretail coralfish) and Dascyllus
melanurus (Four stripe damselfish).
CMFRI also produced designer clowns–
Platinum, Snow flake, Picasso, Tear
drop; alongwith year round production
of other clown fishes such as, Percula
clown, Tomato clown, Skunk clown and
Maroon clown. A marine ornamental
shrimp Lismata amboinensis was also
bred in captivity. Natural spawning of
F1 generation of Indian pompano was achieved in RAS system. For the food
fish basket, CMFRI successfully achieved
the broodstock development in captivity
of marine finfish species viz, Pomadasys
furcatus, Acanthopagrus berda, A. latus
and Lutjanus johnii
Quantifying tropical cyclone's effect on the biogeochemical processes using profiling float observations in the Bay of Bengal
Physical and biogeochemical observations from an autonomous profiling Argo float in the Bay of Bengal show significant changes in upper ocean structure during the passage of Tropical Cyclone (TC) Hudhud (7–14 October 2014). TC Hudhud mixed water from a depth of about 50 m into the surface layers through a combination of upwelling and turbulent mixing. Mixing was extended into the depth of nutricline, the oxycline and the subsurface‐chlorophyll‐maximum; thus had a strong impact on the biogeochemistry of the upper ocean. Before the storm, the near‐surface layer was nutrient depleted and was thus oligotrophic with the chlorophyll‐a concentration of less than 0.15 mg m‐3. Storm mixing initially increased the chlorophyll by 1.4 mg m‐3, increased the surface nitrate concentration to about 6.6 μM kg‐1, and decreased the sub‐surface dissolved oxygen (30–35 m) to 31 % of saturation (140 μM). These conditions were favorable for phytoplankton growth resulting in an estimated increase in primary productivity averaging 1.5 g C m‐2 day‐1 over 15 days. During this bloom, chlorophyll‐a increased by 3.6 mg m‐3, and dissolved oxygen increased from 111 % to 123 % of saturation. Similar observations during TC Vardah (6–12 December 2016) showed much less mixing. Our analysis suggests that relatively small (high) translation speed and presence of cold (warm) core eddy leads to strong (weak) oceanic response during TC Hudhud (TC Vardah). Thus, although cyclones can cause strong biogeochemical responses in the Bay of Bengal, the strength of response depends on the properties of the storm and the prevailing upper ocean structure such as presence of mesoscale eddies
YOUMARES 8 – Oceans Across Boundaries: Learning from each other
This open access book presents the proceedings volume of the YOUMARES 8 conference, which took place in Kiel, Germany, in September 2017, supported by the German Association for Marine Sciences (DGM). The YOUMARES conference series is entirely bottom-up organized by and for YOUng MARine RESearchers. Qualified early career scientists moderated the scientific sessions during the conference and provided literature reviews on aspects of their research field. These reviews and the presenters’ conference abstracts are compiled here. Thus, this book discusses highly topical fields of marine research and aims to act as a source of knowledge and inspiration for further reading and research
YOUMARES 8 – Oceans Across Boundaries: Learning from each other: Proceedings of the 2017 conference for YOUng MARine RESearchers in Kiel, Germany
This open access book presents the proceedings volume of the YOUMARES 8 conference, which took place in Kiel, Germany, in September 2017, supported by the German Association for Marine Sciences (DGM). The YOUMARES conference series is entirely bottom-up organized by and for YOUng MARine RESearchers. Qualified early career scientists moderated the scientific sessions during the conference and provided literature reviews on aspects of their research field. These reviews and the presenters’ conference abstracts are compiled here. Thus, this book discusses highly topical fields of marine research and aims to act as a source of knowledge and inspiration for further reading and research