49 research outputs found

    Emerging Hydro-Climatic Patterns, Teleconnections and Extreme Events in Changing World at Different Timescales

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    This Special Issue is expected to advance our understanding of these emerging patterns, teleconnections, and extreme events in a changing world for more accurate prediction or projection of their changes especially on different spatial–time scales

    YOUMARES 8 – Oceans Across Boundaries: Learning from each other

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    This open access book presents the proceedings volume of the YOUMARES 8 conference, which took place in Kiel, Germany, in September 2017, supported by the German Association for Marine Sciences (DGM). The YOUMARES conference series is entirely bottom-up organized by and for YOUng MARine RESearchers. Qualified early career scientists moderated the scientific sessions during the conference and provided literature reviews on aspects of their research field. These reviews and the presenters’ conference abstracts are compiled here. Thus, this book discusses highly topical fields of marine research and aims to act as a source of knowledge and inspiration for further reading and research

    Oceanic response to Hurricane Irma (2017) in the Exclusive Economic Zone of Cuba and the eastern Gulf of Mexico

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    An understanding of the oceanic response to tropical cyclones is of importance for studies on climate change, ecological variability and environmental protection. Hurricane Irma (2017, Atlantic Ocean) broke many records, including the fact that it was the first category 5 hurricane making landfall in Cuba since 1924. In this study, we assess the oceanic response of the waters of the Cuban Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and the eastern Gulf of Mexico (GoM) to the passage of this hurricane. Overall, Irma led to a weak sea surface cooling in the EEZ, which was associated with the thermal structure of its waters and the fact that it was affected by the left-side quadrants of this hurricane. This cooling was driven by mixing and upwelling processes. In contrast, the chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentration increase was comparable with climatological records, suggesting that horizontal advection of coastal waters and entrainment of chl-a rich waters from remote regions of the GoM influenced the post-storm chl-a concentration. Moreover, Irma increased the chl-a concentration in the northeastern GoM and stimulated the offshore transport of these chl-a-rich waters to the interior GoM. A high chl-a plume (HCP) extended southward across the eastern GoM during the first post-storm week of Irma, and these waters reached the northwestern Cuban coast following the Loop Current. An intensification of the geostrophic currents of an anticyclonic eddy at the upper front of the Loop Current, the formation of an anticyclonic-cyclonic eddy pair in the northeastern GoM and wind-driven advection governed the extension of this HCP

    Climate change : impacts on the socio-economic conditions of fishing people in the coastal region of Bangladesh

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    Climate change has been one of the most critical concerns in recent decades globally. Climate change is predicted to have a range of direct and indirect impacts on marine and freshwater capture fisheries, with implications for fisheries-dependent economies and coastal fishing communities. Bangladesh is one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change in the world. Being a coastal country where most of its people’s living is heavily dependent on fishing, the socio-economic rights of the coastal fishing people are being conspicuously affected by climate change. The coastal environments particularly at risk include low-lying coastal plains, sandy beaches, coastal wetlands and coral reefs. Socio-economic conditions of fish farmers, especially in the coastal region in Bangladesh, have been severely affected because of climate change. The impacts of climate change are increasing, including natural disasters—such as rise in sea level—climate disasters and ecological imbalances that are the primary culprits in the demolition, deterioration or diminishment of the socio-economic rights of the coastal fishing people in Bangladesh. This research analyses the impacts of climate change on coastal fishing people as well as the significant human rights of coastal fishing people that are affected by climate change. The research examines the causes, impacts on, and the relation between climate change and the socio-economic and environmental rights of the coastal fishing people. This study investigates the existing international laws, declarations, conventions and agreements that are relevant for the mitigation of the impacts of climate change on coastal fishing people. In order to evaluate the current regime, the research also investigates the legal and institutional arrangements for the improvement of the socio-economic and environmental conditions of the coastal people of three other coastal states of the Bay of Bengal (BoB) including India, Sri Lanka and Maldives. This research critically analyses the existing legal frameworks in relation to climate change and climate-induced impacts on the coastal fishing people of Bangladesh. In light of this, this thesis identifies several social and legal drawbacks that are affecting socio-economic conditions of the coastal fishing communities in Bangladesh. Finally, this research proposes recommendations for improving the socio-economic conditions of the coastal fishing people of Bangladesh that could be helpful for policy makers to address the issue more effectively

    CMFRI Annual Report 2019

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    Compared to 2018, marine fish landings during 2019 increased by 2.1% from 3.49 million tonnes to 3.56 million tonnes. In terms of total marine fish landings, Tamil Nadu overtook Gujarat after several years. Emergence of the Red toothed trigger fish (Odonus niger) a major resource was unusual with simultaneous reduction in landings of Indian oil sardine and mackerel. Six cyclonic storms in a year along the Indian coast was also an unprecedented climatic phenomenon. In 2019, marine fish landings was valued at Rs.60,881 crores at landing Centre and Rs.92356 crores at retail Centre. CMFRI prepared and published minimum legal size proposals for resources of Tamil Nadu (113 species) and Maharashtra (58 species). Management plan for marine fisheries of Gujarat, non-detriment findings on silky and thresher sharks of Indian Ocean, policy advisory and guidance for good mussel farming practices, advisories and precautions for jelly fish fishers are some noteworthy outputs. A National Mariculture Policy 2019 (NMP 2019) was submitted to the Department of Fisheries (DoF) and National Fisheries Development Board (NFDB). A Working Group 3 Report [Fisheries, Aquaculture and Fish Processing] for developing a road map to Blue Economy of India was submitted to the Economic Advisory Council to the Prime Minister (EAC-PM). Otolith and statolith research in fisheries was used for environmental impact assessment, as well as taxonomic ambiguity resolution. Otoliths were also used to make jewelry. In the area of marine environment management research, Blue carbon stock of sea grass meadows of Palk Bay was quantified, 3D profile of the blue carbon stock of sediments of the mangroves from Vembanad Lake was analysed, changes in the breeding patterns of three pelagic bird species viz., Sooty tern, Brown Noddy, Great Crusted Tern were recorded at Pitti in Lakshadweep. In the area of mariculture, CMFRI installed 2608 cages all over the country. First spawning and hatching of Siganus vermiculatus was achieved. Micronursery hatchery system (down welling and upwelling system) developed at Vizhinjam has yielded 0.2 million seed of green mussel seeds which were supplied to the State Fisheries department for farming. Seed/yolk sac larval production of fishes viz., Indian pompano (3.4 lakhs), orange spotted grouper (100,000), Lethrinus lentjan (100 lakhs), Penaeus semisulcatus (PL15–500 lakhs) and Sepioteuthis lessoniana (1950) were produced and distributed to selected beneficiaries and private entrepreneurs for marine cage and coastal pond farming/sea ranching. CMFRI closed the life cycle of one food fish Siganus vermiculatus (Rabbit fish) two more marine ornamentals– Pseudanthias squamipinnis (Sea goldie or lyretail coralfish) and Dascyllus melanurus (Four stripe damselfish). CMFRI also produced designer clowns– Platinum, Snow flake, Picasso, Tear drop; alongwith year round production of other clown fishes such as, Percula clown, Tomato clown, Skunk clown and Maroon clown. A marine ornamental shrimp Lismata amboinensis was also bred in captivity. Natural spawning of F1 generation of Indian pompano was achieved in RAS system. For the food fish basket, CMFRI successfully achieved the broodstock development in captivity of marine finfish species viz, Pomadasys furcatus, Acanthopagrus berda, A. latus and Lutjanus johnii

    Quantifying tropical cyclone's effect on the biogeochemical processes using profiling float observations in the Bay of Bengal

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    Physical and biogeochemical observations from an autonomous profiling Argo float in the Bay of Bengal show significant changes in upper ocean structure during the passage of Tropical Cyclone (TC) Hudhud (7–14 October 2014). TC Hudhud mixed water from a depth of about 50 m into the surface layers through a combination of upwelling and turbulent mixing. Mixing was extended into the depth of nutricline, the oxycline and the subsurface‐chlorophyll‐maximum; thus had a strong impact on the biogeochemistry of the upper ocean. Before the storm, the near‐surface layer was nutrient depleted and was thus oligotrophic with the chlorophyll‐a concentration of less than 0.15 mg m‐3. Storm mixing initially increased the chlorophyll by 1.4 mg m‐3, increased the surface nitrate concentration to about 6.6 μM kg‐1, and decreased the sub‐surface dissolved oxygen (30–35 m) to 31 % of saturation (140 μM). These conditions were favorable for phytoplankton growth resulting in an estimated increase in primary productivity averaging 1.5 g C m‐2 day‐1 over 15 days. During this bloom, chlorophyll‐a increased by 3.6 mg m‐3, and dissolved oxygen increased from 111 % to 123 % of saturation. Similar observations during TC Vardah (6–12 December 2016) showed much less mixing. Our analysis suggests that relatively small (high) translation speed and presence of cold (warm) core eddy leads to strong (weak) oceanic response during TC Hudhud (TC Vardah). Thus, although cyclones can cause strong biogeochemical responses in the Bay of Bengal, the strength of response depends on the properties of the storm and the prevailing upper ocean structure such as presence of mesoscale eddies

    YOUMARES 8 – Oceans Across Boundaries: Learning from each other

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    This open access book presents the proceedings volume of the YOUMARES 8 conference, which took place in Kiel, Germany, in September 2017, supported by the German Association for Marine Sciences (DGM). The YOUMARES conference series is entirely bottom-up organized by and for YOUng MARine RESearchers. Qualified early career scientists moderated the scientific sessions during the conference and provided literature reviews on aspects of their research field. These reviews and the presenters’ conference abstracts are compiled here. Thus, this book discusses highly topical fields of marine research and aims to act as a source of knowledge and inspiration for further reading and research

    YOUMARES 8 – Oceans Across Boundaries: Learning from each other: Proceedings of the 2017 conference for YOUng MARine RESearchers in Kiel, Germany

    Get PDF
    This open access book presents the proceedings volume of the YOUMARES 8 conference, which took place in Kiel, Germany, in September 2017, supported by the German Association for Marine Sciences (DGM). The YOUMARES conference series is entirely bottom-up organized by and for YOUng MARine RESearchers. Qualified early career scientists moderated the scientific sessions during the conference and provided literature reviews on aspects of their research field. These reviews and the presenters’ conference abstracts are compiled here. Thus, this book discusses highly topical fields of marine research and aims to act as a source of knowledge and inspiration for further reading and research
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