Generalization of cyberbullying traces

De nos jours, la cyberintimidation est un problème courant dans les communautés en ligne. Filtrer automatiquement ces messages de cyberintimidation des conversations en ligne c’est avéré être un défi qui a mené à la création de plusieurs ensembles de données, dont plusieurs disponibles comme ressources pour l’entraînement de classificateurs. Toutefois, sans consensus sur la définition de la cyberintimidation, chacun des ensembles de données se retrouve à documenter différentes formes de comportements. Cela rend difficile la comparaison des performances obtenues par de classificateurs entraînés sur de différents ensembles de données, ou même l’application d’un de ces classificateurs à un autre ensemble de données. Dans ce mémoire, on utilise une variété de ces ensembles de données afin d’explorer les différentes définitions, ainsi que l’impact que cela occasionne sur le langage utilisé. Par la suite, on explore la portabilité d’un classificateur entraîné sur un ensemble de données vers un autre ensemble, nous donnant ainsi une meilleure compréhension de la généralisation des classificateurs. Finalement, on étudie plusieurs architectures d’ensemble de modèles, qui par la combinaison de ces différents classificateurs, nous permet de mieux comprendre les interactions des différentes définitions. Nos résultats montrent qu’il est possible d’obtenir une meilleure généralisation en combinant tous les ensembles de données en un seul ensemble de données plutôt que d’utiliser un ensemble de modèles composé de plusieurs classificateurs, chacun entraîné individuellement sur un ensemble de données différent.Cyberbullying is a common problem in today’s ubiquitous online communities. Automatically filtering it out of online conversations has proven a challenge, and the efforts have led to the creation of many different datasets, which are distributed as resources to train classifiers. However, without a consensus for the definition of cyberbullying, each of these datasets ends up documenting a different form of the behavior. This makes it difficult to compare the results of classifiers trained on different datasets, or to apply one such classifier on a different dataset. In this thesis, we will use a variety of these datasets to explore the differences in their definitions of cyberbullying and the impact it has on the language used in the messages. We will then explore the portability of a classifier trained on one dataset to another in order to gain insight on the generalization power of classifiers trained from each of them. Finally, we will study various architectures of ensemble models combining these classifiers in order to understand how they interact with each other. Our results show that by combining all datasets together into a single bigger one, we can achieve a better generalization than by using an ensemble model of individual classifiers trained on each dataset

Video Vortex reader : responses to Youtube

The Video Vortex Reader is the first collection of critical texts to deal with the rapidly emerging world of online video – from its explosive rise in 2005 with YouTube, to its future as a significant form of personal media. After years of talk about digital convergence and crossmedia platforms we now witness the merger of the Internet and television at a pace no-one predicted. These contributions from scholars, artists and curators evolved from the first two Video Vortex conferences in Brussels and Amsterdam in 2007 which focused on responses to YouTube, and address key issues around independent production and distribution of online video content. What does this new distribution platform mean for artists and activists? What are the alternatives

'The Mula Ring': Material Flows of Circulation Through the Cuban World

This thesis explores the permeability of what is arguably one of the most politicised and reified ‘frontiers’ in the world: that between the U.S. and Cuba. Despite decades of diplomatic hostilities and economic sanctions, the border between Miami and Havana is in a state of constant flux, with ceaseless flows of both people and things moving in both directions. Drawing upon fifteen months of ethnographic research primarily in Miami and Havana (2017-2018), and also in Panama, Mexico and Guyana, this thesis traces these ‘flows’ to understand how and why these material and digital flows constitute everyday life for millions of Cubans who, notwithstanding this political rhetoric, seek to maintain personal and business relationships. The thesis presents personal stories based on these flows to examine the shifting relationship between Cuba and its diaspora. Cubans in both Miami and Cuba are negotiating materiality and digital networks within their own plural notions of cubanidad (‘Cubanness’), capitalism and socialism, and according to their own geopolitical and socioeconomic contexts. By focusing on the inconsequential objects of the everyday, and centring on notions of ‘flow’ and ‘flux’, this thesis seeks to show how a politically and economically turbulent landscape is experienced and reconfigured at a micro level by ordinary Cubans on both sides of the Florida Straits who, by the happenstance of their birth right, must negotiate extraordinary and difficult conditions on a daily basis to maintain their family connections, cultural identity, and ultimately, to live what they consider to be meaningful lives. The thesis shows how it is only through a slippage in traditional categories of ‘people’ and ‘things’ that such flows are made possible, and then positions this observation within theoretical arguments that situate rupture as crucial for the emergence of new cultural forms

Beauty and Esthetics. Meanings of an Idea and Concept of the Senses. An Introduction to an Esthetic Communication Concept Facing the Perspectives Of Its Theory, History, and Cultural Traditions of the Beautiful.

When we ask for the definitions and forms of esthetics from a post-modern perspective, we must take into account that the perspective today is a re-constructive one allowing us to trace back historically, but also allowing various forms of research such as empirical research, or quantitative and qualitative research. This book is devided into chapters. Each of them has a different approach towards esthetics according to the definition of esthetics as a theoretical field, esthetics as a phenomenon of beauty, and esthetics as a specific phenomenon in a certain cultural context. We will focus on the contemporary state of research regarding esthetics from branches of the humanities and natural sciences. Our interest here is to join the classical theoretical terminology of esthetics derived from the humanities with contemporary concepts of research also not related to the humanities

The politics of enjoyment: the media viewing preferences and practices of young higher-educated Chinese

This dissertation examines the widespread phenomenon of online film and DVD viewing that is now prevalent among university students in China. In doing so, it analyses how the social organisation of enjoyment among aspirational urban and educated youth relates to the Chinese political order as the country integrates into the global market economy. Using observation, interviews and written responses, supplemented by journalistic and online material collected „in the field‟ during 2006-2007 and 2010, the research centres on two comparatively neglected areas of Chinese studies: audience reception and foreign entertainment via largely non-regulated downloading and pirate DVDs. The dissertation shows how higher educated Chinese youth use their new semi-illicit media freedom to structure their own social and political attitudes and how in doing this they reassess certain established values of responsibility and morality and make them compatible with the adoption of new middle class aspirations learned and negotiated through their viewing of Chinese, and mainly foreign entertainment media. The research therefore aims to make a broader point about the character of China‟s ongoing modernisation, and the role of the „foreign‟ within this, thereby breaking out of the impasse in which China is seen largely through the perspective of antagonism between the forces of control and those of freedom – a view that has tended to overshadow and oversimplify the field of Chinese studies, particularly since the 1989 political crisis

A study in cross-cultural transmission of natural philosophy: the Kenkon Bensetsu

Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Doutor em História dos Descobrimentos e da Expansão PortuguesaThis work shows that the transmission of European natural philosophy by Christian missionaries in Japan during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries was made in a systematic way, even if at an elementary level. The Kenkon Bensetsu is used as main evidence of this. This text was introduced into Japan by Antonio Rubino, on the orders of Inoue Masashige it was translated by Sawano Chuan, at the request of Kainosho Masanobu it was transliterated by Nishi Kichibei and Mukai Gensho, and this last one also wrote a commentary on its theories from a neo-Confucian perspective. The historical setting and the process that led to the production of the Kenkon Bensetsu are described. From this it is established that the Japanese of all walks of life were curious about the causes of natural phenomena; that the missionaries had the ability to provide those explanations, drawing from the pool of theories provided by sixteenth century Aristotelian natural philosophy, adjusted to the interests and talents of their audience; and that the Japanese authorities considered that these theories were important in some way and thus took the necessary steps to ensure that that they would not be consigned into oblivion as a consequence of their efforts to stamp out Christianity. The text is integrally translated following explicit criteria, therefore opening the way to further exploration by many researchers. Some of its most striking characteristics concerning content and style are analysed

'Be Sleek, be stylish, be yourself': Identity, Interactivity and Mad Men

The paper argues that Mad Men and its interactive online applications offers viewers the symbolic resources necessary for making and remaking of identity in the contemporary era. In particular, I focus on the construction and mediation of female identity represented in the show and its intertexts. In doing so, I seek to contribute to the body of work which examines the concept of identity and its relationship to media as it has been argued that there remains a shortage of scholarship which involves ‘systematic and sustained examination of the actual texts and practices of popular media culture’ (Kellner, 1995: 234)