166 research outputs found

    Tourism and beyond: Commodification of communist memoryscapes in Central and East Europe

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    The aim of this dissertation is to shed light on the phenomenon of commodification of communist memoryscapes in Europe, exploring the main strategies and forms of urban and mnemonic re-branding of post-socialist capitals. Illuminating the variety of commercial solutions for dealing with “difficult” legacies of communism in Europe, the thesis aims to enhance our understanding of actors, processes and dynamics framing the contemporary engagement with communist urban heritage. Relying on grounded theory method, triangulated through multiple case study, participatory observation and netnography, the study examines patterns of convergence in spatial, mnemonic and narrative organisations of communist urban experiences. Elaborating commodification of (1) communist landmarks (iconic buildings), (2) suburban heritage (statues, parks), (3) underground spaces (communist bunkers) (4) cultural objects (museums of communism), (5) urban discourses (guided city tours) and (6) urban hospitality (communist restaurants), the analysis thus reveals different urban and narrative “commercial interventions” in post-communist urban landscape. Through the in-depth analysis of major communist museums, tours, landmarks, bunkers, peripheries and hospitality spaces across Central and East Europe, the dissertation accentuates similarities and divergences in contemporary discursive, spatial and commercial treatment of communism. It reveals particular mechanisms and outcomes of commodification, which emerges both as a strategy to “contain” communism and “re-pack” it for tourist consumption. Ultimately, the thesis argues that commodification of communism is the essential aspect of contemporary tourist narratives, curatorial practices and urban organisation of communist memoryscapes. It identifies and interprets urban, mnemonic, discursive and experiential manifestations of commodification, arguing that commercial engagement with communism fundamentally challenges the prevailing mechanisms for “coming to terms with the past.” It demonstrates that both suppliers and consumers of communist memoryscapes (co)produce and (co)participate in commodification process, most often through the interplay of tourism and entertainment industry. Finally, the study claims that commodification is reinforced through glocalisation, disneyfication and orientalisation of difficult heritage of communism, which further contribute to (re)locating specific urban context, (re)imagining particular urban history and generally changing the ways in which contemporary society values, exhibits and sources communism in urban space.El objetivo de esta disertación es arrojar luz sobre el fenómeno de la mercantilización de los paisajes de memoria comunistas en Europa, explorando las principales estrategias y formas de cambio de marca urbana y mnemotécnica de las capitales postsocialistas. Iluminando la variedad de soluciones comerciales para lidiar con los legados “difíciles” del comunismo en Europa, la tesis tiene como objetivo mejorar nuestra comprensión de los actores, procesos y dinámicas que enmarcan el compromiso contemporáneo con el patrimonio urbano comunista. Basándose en el método de la teoría fundamentada, triangulado a través del estudio de casos múltiples, la observación participativa y la netnografía, el estudio examina los patrones de convergencia en las organizaciones espaciales, mnemotécnicas y narrativas de las experiencias urbanas comunistas. Elaborando la mercantilización de (1) hitos comunistas (edificios icónicos), (2) patrimonio suburbano (estatuas, parques), (3) espacios subterráneos (bunkers comunistas) (4) objetos culturales (museos del comunismo), (5) discursos urbanos ( visitas guiadas por la ciudad) y (6) hospitalidad urbana (restaurantes comunistas), el análisis revela así diferentes “intervenciones comerciales” urbanas y narrativas en el paisaje urbano poscomunista. A través del análisis en profundidad de los principales museos, recorridos, puntos de referencia, búnkeres, periferias y espacios de hospitalidad comunistas en Europa Central y Oriental, la disertación acentúa las similitudes y divergencias en el tratamiento discursivo, espacial y comercial contemporáneo del comunismo. Revela mecanismos y resultados particulares de la mercantilización, que surge tanto como una estrategia para “contener” el comunismo como para “reempaquetarlo” para el consumo turístico. En última instancia, la tesis argumenta que la mercantilización del comunismo es el aspecto esencial de las narrativas turísticas contemporáneas, las practicas curatoriales y la organización urbana de los paisajes de memoria comunistas. Identifica e interpreta las manifestaciones urbanas, mnemotécnicas, discursivas y experienciales de la mercantilización, argumentando que el compromiso comercial con el comunismo desafía fundamentalmente los mecanismos predominantes para “llegar a un acuerdo con el pasado”. Demuestra que tanto los proveedores como los consumidores de paisajes de memoria comunistas (co)producen y (co)participan en el proceso de mercantilización, con mayor frecuencia a través de la interacción de la industria del turismo y elentretenimiento. Finalmente, argumento que la mercantilización se refuerza a través de la glocalización, disneyficación y orientalización de la difícil herencia del comunismo, lo que contribuye aún más a (re)ubicar un contexto urbano específico, (re)imaginar una historia urbana particular y, en general, cambiar las formas en las que la Sociedad contemporánea valora, exhibe y origina comunismo en el espacio urbano.Escuela de DoctoradoDoctorado en Arquitectur

    Protected areas and nature-based tourism: a 30-year bibliometric review

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    Nature-based tourism constitutes a major segment of world tourism. Protected areas are considered a popular theme in the literature, which is characterised by a great heterogeneity in concepts, contents, and purposes. This study analyses many of the indicators of interest related to the research on the themes of protected areas and nature-based tourism. Consequently, we aim to offer a global and updated vision of the research produced regarding these themes over the last 30 years. With bibliometric tools (Bibliometrix and VOSviewer), 1033 scientific articles were analysed. The results indicate that the research in this area exponentially increased in the last decade. Using a co-occurrence network of keywords, five major themes in this study were identified: (1) ecotourism; (2) nature conservation, biodiversity, and sustainability; (3) national parks, recreation, and climate change; (4) sustainable management and development; and (5) with a lesser degree of representation, themes related to China and ecosystem services. A timespan analysis on this network enabled the identification of six trends in the research over the last years: (i) sustainable tourism; (ii) climate change; (iii) geotourism and rural tourism; (iv) ecosystem services and cultural ecosystem services; (v); visitor studies; and (vi) wildlife tourism. Nature-based tourism plays a significant and crucial role in sustainable development. Analysing research in protected areas and nature-based tourism provides insights into key themes and emerging trends, serving as a valuable resource for knowledge advancement.This paper was financed by European Funds from the FEDER Norte2020, Portugal 2020, within the «NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000079» project, and by National Funds from the FCT—Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology within the «UIDB/03182/2020» project

    Geographic information extraction from texts

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    A large volume of unstructured texts, containing valuable geographic information, is available online. This information – provided implicitly or explicitly – is useful not only for scientific studies (e.g., spatial humanities) but also for many practical applications (e.g., geographic information retrieval). Although large progress has been achieved in geographic information extraction from texts, there are still unsolved challenges and issues, ranging from methods, systems, and data, to applications and privacy. Therefore, this workshop will provide a timely opportunity to discuss the recent advances, new ideas, and concepts but also identify research gaps in geographic information extraction

    METROPOLITAN ENCHANTMENT AND DISENCHANTMENT. METROPOLITAN ANTHROPOLOGY FOR THE CONTEMPORARY LIVING MAP CONSTRUCTION

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    We can no longer interpret the contemporary metropolis as we did in the last century. The thought of civil economy regarding the contemporary Metropolis conflicts more or less radically with the merely acquisitive dimension of the behaviour of its citizens. What is needed is therefore a new capacity for imagining the economic-productive future of the city: hybrid social enterprises, economically sustainable, structured and capable of using technologies, could be a solution for producing value and distributing it fairly and inclusively. Metropolitan Urbanity is another issue to establish. Metropolis needs new spaces where inclusion can occur, and where a repository of the imagery can be recreated. What is the ontology behind the technique of metropolitan planning and management, its vision and its symbols? Competitiveness, speed, and meritocracy are political words, not technical ones. Metropolitan Urbanity is the characteristic of a polis that expresses itself in its public places. Today, however, public places are private ones that are destined for public use. The Common Good has always had a space of representation in the city, which was the public space. Today, the Green-Grey Infrastructure is the metropolitan city's monument that communicates a value for future generations and must therefore be recognised and imagined; it is the production of the metropolitan symbolic imagery, the new magic of the city

    Sensing the Cultural Significance with AI for Social Inclusion

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    Social Inclusion has been growing as a goal in heritage management. Whereas the 2011 UNESCO Recommendation on the Historic Urban Landscape (HUL) called for tools of knowledge documentation, social media already functions as a platform for online communities to actively involve themselves in heritage-related discussions. Such discussions happen both in “baseline scenarios” when people calmly share their experiences about the cities they live in or travel to, and in “activated scenarios” when radical events trigger their emotions. To organize, process, and analyse the massive unstructured multi-modal (mainly images and texts) user-generated data from social media efficiently and systematically, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is shown to be indispensable. This thesis explores the use of AI in a methodological framework to include the contribution of a larger and more diverse group of participants with user-generated data. It is an interdisciplinary study integrating methods and knowledge from heritage studies, computer science, social sciences, network science, and spatial analysis. AI models were applied, nurtured, and tested, helping to analyse the massive information content to derive the knowledge of cultural significance perceived by online communities. The framework was tested in case study cities including Venice, Paris, Suzhou, Amsterdam, and Rome for the baseline and/or activated scenarios. The AI-based methodological framework proposed in this thesis is shown to be able to collect information in cities and map the knowledge of the communities about cultural significance, fulfilling the expectation and requirement of HUL, useful and informative for future socially inclusive heritage management processes

    Big data e demanda em destinos turísticos : uma análise do perfil dos visitantes da Região Sul do Brasil

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    Orientadora: Profª. Drª. Thays Domareski RuizCoorientadora: Profª. Drª. Melise de Lima PereiraDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Turismo. Defesa : Curitiba, 26/04/2023Inclui referênciasResumo: Os destinos turísticos são cada vez mais afetados por informações relacionadas a viagens compartilhadas por meio das mídias sociais, principalmente as que são geradas pelo usuário de seus produtos turísticos. Tais informações compõem uma imensidão de dados conhecido como big data, e podem ser utilizados para previsão de demanda turística, padrões de movimentação e melhoria de produtos e serviços turísticos, baseado principalmente na experiência compartilhada pelos visitantes. Com isso, o objetivo geral da pesquisa é analisar as características da demanda turística, percebidas nas avaliações em atrativos turísticos geradas pelos visitantes no TripAdvisor. A pesquisa foi dividida em dois estudos, o primeiro utilizou a pesquisa qualitativa para identificar a convergência conceitual entre os temas big data, experiência e destinos turísticos e analisar a evolução dos temas de pesquisa e o segundo buscou avaliar as características da demanda turística através das avaliações geradas pelos usuários sobre os atrativos turísticos no sul do Brasil disponíveis na plataforma TripAdvisor. Para o primeiro estudo foram realizadas análises sistemática e bibliométrica com o apoio da ferramenta VOSviewer; para o segundo estudo foram realizadas análises estatísticas descritivas e inferenciais através da ferramenta SPSS Analytics. O primeiro estudo trouxe como resultados 146 trabalhos sobre os temas big data, experiência e destinos turísticos que utilizaram do big data para realizar diferentes análises no que diz respeito ao turismo e a experiência dos turistas. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstram que os estudos em turismo que utilizam big data como ferramenta de obtenção e análise de dados cresceu consideravelmente entre os anos de 2017 e 2021, com contribuições significativas de aplicações reais de metodologias e modelos de pesquisa para destinos turísticos, principalmente no que diz respeito à experiência. O segundo estudo trouxe a caracterização da demanda turística dos 15 atrativos selecionados, avaliados através das hipóteses propostas. Para os atrativos de Curitiba e Porto Alegre foram construídas hipóteses de relação entre as variáveis levantadas no constructo de demanda, enquanto os atrativos de Joinville foram analisados na relação entre as características da demanda e da experiência. Tanto no estado do Paraná quanto no Rio Grande do Sul, quatro das cinco hipóteses foram comprovadas, com ênfase nas diferenças estatísticas dos tipos de visitantes de cada estado. Já no estado de Santa Catarina, nenhuma das hipóteses foi comprovada. O principal resultado obtido foi o uso de diferentes formas de análise da demanda que auxiliam destinos turísticos a compreenderem características dos seus visitantes, possibilitando o uso do big data e data mining para a obtenção de informações relevantes sobre a demanda. O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi atingido ao final do estudo, onde os resultados da análise da demanda turística da pesquisa apontaram características dos visitantes no que diz respeito a informações básicas de sua viagem, como local de residência, tipo de viagem, nacionalidade e informações temporais da visita. A principal contribuição da pesquisa foi a proposição de uma alternativa metodológica para coletar e analisar dados da demanda turística em contrapartida com as pesquisas tradicionais, visualizado através do framework proposto.Abstract: Tourism destinations are increasingly affected by travel-related information shared through social media, especially that which is user-generated of their tourism products. Such information makes up an immensity of big data. It can be used to forecast tourism demand, movement patterns, and improvement of tourism products and services, based mainly on the experience shared by visitors. With this, the general objective of the research is to analyze the characteristics of tourism demand perceived in the reviews of tourist attractions generated by visitors on TripAdvisor. The research was divided into two studies; the first used qualitative research to identify the conceptual convergence between the themes of big data, experience and tourist destinations and analyze the evolution of the research themes and the second sought to evaluate the characteristics of demand and tourist experience in tourist attractions in southern Brazil through TripAdvisor reviews. For the first study, systematic and bibliometric analyses were carried out with the support of the VOSviewer tool; for the second study, descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were carried out using the SPSS Analytics tool. The first study brought results of 146 papers on big data, experience and tourist destinations that used big data to perform different analyses regarding tourism and tourists' experience. The results of the research show that studies in tourism that use big data as a tool to obtain and analyze data grew considerably between the years 2017 and 2021, with significant contributions of actual applications of research methodologies and models for tourism destinations, especially regarding the experience. The second study brought the tourist demand characterization of the 15 selected attractions, evaluated through the proposed hypotheses. For Curitiba and Porto Alegre attractions, hypotheses were built on the relationship between the variables raised in the demand construct. In contrast, the attractions of Joinville were analyzed in the relationship between demand and experience characteristics. In Paraná and Rio Grande do Sul, four of the five hypotheses were proven, emphasizing the statistical differences in the types of visitors from each state. In the state of Santa Catarina, none of the hypotheses were proven. The main result obtained was the use of different forms of demand analysis that help tourist destinations to understand their visitors' characteristics, enabling big data and data mining to obtain relevant information about the demand. The overall objective of the research was achieved at the end of the study, where the results of the tourism demand analysis of the survey pointed out characteristics of visitors regarding the basic information of their trip, such as place of residence, type of trip, nationality, and temporal information of the visit. The main contribution of the research was the proposition of a methodological alternative to collect and analyze tourism demand data in contrast to traditional surveys, visualized through the proposed framework

    Redes sociais como fonte de dados alternativa no monitoramento de águas-vivas

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    Orientador: Dr. Maurício Almeida NoernbergCoorientadores: Dra. Carmem Satie Hara, Dr. Miodeli Nogueira JúniorTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Campus Pontal do Paraná - Centro de Estudos do Mar, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemas Costeiros e Oceânicos. Defesa : Pontal do Paraná, 07/04/2023Inclui referênciasResumo: Na presente tese, foi investigada a utilidade das redes sociais em fornecer registros de observação de águas-vivas ainda pouco estudadas no Brasil. Inicialmente, é apresentada uma revisão sobre o uso da metodologia de ciência cidadã passiva para extrair observações de espécies marinhas usando redes sociais. Além disso, foram desenvolvidas metodologias sistematizadas para extrair e examinar postagens nas redes sociais para obter registros de ocorrências de águas-vivas. Com estas metodologias, foi obtido o primeiro registro da Stygiomedusa gigantea, bem como, o primeiro registro da mariafarinha (Ocypode quadrata) predando a caravela portuguesa (Physalia physalis) no Brasil. A partir dos dados das redes sociais, também foi possível obter novas observações da Drymonema gorgo e da Physalia physalis na costa brasileira. Comparativamente às outras fontes de dados, como literatura e ciência cidadã, as observações das redes sociais corresponderam a cerca de 85% dos dados obtidos para D. gorgo e 60% para P. physalis. As pesquisas com redes sociais oferecem uma nova fonte de dados complementares sobre a biodiversidade marinha, sobretudo para as espécies de grande tamanho, como as espécies de águas-vivas investigadas no presente estudo. Apesar da exploração das redes sociais como fonte de dados alternativa envolver desafios, com limitações nos dados, esta pesquisa mostra o potencial desta abordagem metodológica em contribuir para a gestão dos impactos negativos causados pelas águas-vivas, bem como seus serviços ecossistêmicos.Abstract: In the present thesis, it was investigated the usefulness of social networks in providing observation records of jellyfish which are still little studied in Brazil. Initially, it is presented a review of the use of passive citizen science methodology to extract observations of marine species using social media. In addition, it was developed systematized methodologies to extract and examine posts on social media to obtain records of jellyfish occurrences. These methodologies provided the first record of Stygiomedusa gigantea, as well as the first record of the ghost crab (Ocypode quadrata) preying on the Portuguese man-of-war (Physalia physalis) in Brazil. Using data from social media, it was also possible to obtain new observations of Drymonema gorgo and Physalia physalis on the Brazilian coast. Compared to other data sources, such as literature and citizen science, observations from social media accounted for about 85% of the data obtained for D. gorgo and 60% for P. physalis. Surveys with social media offer a new source of complementary data on marine biodiversity, especially on large species such as the jellyfish investigated in the present study. Although exploring social media as an alternative data source involves challenges, with data limitations, this research shows the potential of this methodological approach in contributing to the management of negative effects caused by jellyfish, as well as their ecosystem services

    LIPIcs, Volume 277, GIScience 2023, Complete Volume

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    LIPIcs, Volume 277, GIScience 2023, Complete Volum
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