38,937 research outputs found
Recording, Documentation, and Information Management for the Conservation of Heritage Places: Guiding Principles
Provides guidance on integrating recording, documentation, and information management of territories, sites, groups of buildings, or monuments into the conservation process; evaluating proposals; consulting specialists; and controlling implementation
Cultural heritage and sustainable development targets : a possible harmonisation? Insights from the European Perspective
The Agenda 2030 includes a set of targets that need to be achieved by 2030. Although none
of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) focuses exclusively on cultural heritage, the
resulting Agenda includes explicit reference to heritage in SDG 11.4 and indirect reference to other
Goals. Achievement of international targets shall happen at local and national level, and therefore,
it is crucial to understand how interventions on local heritage are monitored nationally, therefore
feeding into the sustainable development framework. This paper is focused on gauging the
implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals with reference to cultural heritage, by
interrogating the current way of classifying it (and consequently monitoring). In fact, there is no
common dataset associated with monitoring SDGs, and the field of heritage is extremely complex
and diversified. The purpose for the paper is to understand if the taxonomy used by different
national databases allows consistency in the classification and valuing of the different assets
categories. The European case study has been chosen as field of investigation, in order to pilot a
methodology that can be expanded in further research. A crossâcomparison of a selected sample of
publicly accessible national cultural heritage databases has been conducted. As a result, this study
confirms the existence of general harmonisation of data towards the achievement of the SDGs with
a broad agreement of the conceptualisation of cultural heritage with international frameworks, thus
confirming that consistency exists in the classification and valuing of the different assets categories.
However, diverse challenges of achieving a consistent and coherent approach to integrating culture
in sustainability remains problematic. The findings allow concluding that it could be possible to
mainstream across different databases those indicators, which could lead to depicting the overall
level of attainment of the Agenda 2030 targets on heritage. However, more research is needed in
developing a robust correlation between national datasets and international targets
Astronomical Data Management
We present a summary of the major contributions to the Special Session on
Data Management held at the IAU General Assembly in Prague in 2006. While
recent years have seen enormous improvements in access to astronomical data,
and the Virtual Observatory aims to provide astronomers with seamless access to
on-line resources, more attention needs to be paid to ensuring the quality and
completeness of those resources. For example, data produced by telescopes are
not always made available to the astronomical community, and new instruments
are sometimes designed and built with insufficient planning for data
management, while older but valuable legacy data often remain undigitised. Data
and results published in journals do not always appear in the data centres, and
astronomers in developing countries sometimes have inadequate access to on-line
resources. To address these issues, an 'Astronomers Data Manifesto' has been
formulated with the aim of initiating a discussion that will lead to the
development of a 'code of best practice' in astronomical data management.Comment: Proceedings of Special Session SPS6 (Astronomical Data Management) at
the IAU GA 2006. To appear in Highlights of Astronomy, Volume 14, ed. K.A.
van der Huch
Assessing carbon dioxide emission reduction potentials of improved manufacturing processes using multiregional input output frameworks
Evaluating innovative process technologies has become highly important within the last decades. As standard tools different Life Cycle Assessment methods have been established, which are continuously improved. While those are designed for evaluating single processes they run into difficulties when it comes to assessing environmental impacts of process innovations at macroeconomic level. In this paper we develop a multi-step evaluation framework building on multi regional inputâoutput data that allows estimating macroeconomic impacts of new process technologies, considering the network characteristics of the global economy.
Our procedure is as follows: i) we measure differences in material usage of process alternatives, ii) we identify where the standard processes are located within economic networks and virtually replace those by innovative process technologies, iii) we account for changes within economic systems and evaluate impacts on emissions.
Within this paper we exemplarily apply the methodology to two recently developed innovative technologies: longitudinal large diameter steel pipe welding and turning of high-temperature resistant materials. While we find the macroeconomic impacts of very specific process innovations to be small, its conclusions can significantly differ from traditional process based approaches. Furthermore, information gained from the methodology provides relevant additional insights for decision makers extending the picture gained from traditional process life cycle assessment.DFG, SFB 1026, Sustainable Manufacturing - Globale Wertschöpfung nachhaltig gestalte
Achieving the state of research pertaining to GIS applications for cultural heritage by a systematic literature review
During the last decade, we have witnessed an increased interest in Geographic Information Systems (GIS), including the so-called âHistorical GISâ, 3D GIS heritage and its subcategory of âSDI for cultural heritageâ. Specific literature reviews, gathering and analysing the scientific production for Culture Heritage and GIS based research questions, are currently lacking. Therefore, the overall goal of this article is to provide an objective summary of the current state -of-the-art concerning how GIS has been used and what methods and analysis have been applied in the field of cultural heritage. In this sense, a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of the literature on the application of GIS in cultural heritage is carried out. To do so, the WOS and Scopus databases were considered. The results show that the dominant application of GIS is in the realisation of inventory and cataloguing of archaeological and architectural heritage. As a result of the quantitative analysis, we also verify the principal sources in which most studies have been published, highlighting the "ISPRS Archives" with 14 publications, the "Lecture Notes in Computer Science" with 9, and "Proceedings of Digital Heritage" with 6 publications. These data show that the sources that most publis h mainly belong to the field of IT and Computer Science. In addition, the SLR shows that in the last three years there has been a greater tendency to use GIS to solve more specific problems of heritage through its use in conjunction with other tools such as BIM and photogrammetrySpainâs Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness HAR2016â78113-R HAR2016â76371-
The use of building simulation within an architectural practice
This paper documents the development and implementation and use of simulation within an architectural practice and reports how its use facilitates the practice's commitment to Sustainable Design
Special Libraries, Winter 1986
Volume 77, Issue 1https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/sla_sl_1986/1000/thumbnail.jp
Context Aware Computing for The Internet of Things: A Survey
As we are moving towards the Internet of Things (IoT), the number of sensors
deployed around the world is growing at a rapid pace. Market research has shown
a significant growth of sensor deployments over the past decade and has
predicted a significant increment of the growth rate in the future. These
sensors continuously generate enormous amounts of data. However, in order to
add value to raw sensor data we need to understand it. Collection, modelling,
reasoning, and distribution of context in relation to sensor data plays
critical role in this challenge. Context-aware computing has proven to be
successful in understanding sensor data. In this paper, we survey context
awareness from an IoT perspective. We present the necessary background by
introducing the IoT paradigm and context-aware fundamentals at the beginning.
Then we provide an in-depth analysis of context life cycle. We evaluate a
subset of projects (50) which represent the majority of research and commercial
solutions proposed in the field of context-aware computing conducted over the
last decade (2001-2011) based on our own taxonomy. Finally, based on our
evaluation, we highlight the lessons to be learnt from the past and some
possible directions for future research. The survey addresses a broad range of
techniques, methods, models, functionalities, systems, applications, and
middleware solutions related to context awareness and IoT. Our goal is not only
to analyse, compare and consolidate past research work but also to appreciate
their findings and discuss their applicability towards the IoT.Comment: IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials Journal, 201
Nonprofit Performance Management: Using Data to Measure and Improve Programs
Tracking and measuring data can give nonprofits a better understanding of the populations they serve and how they serve them. It can also help them identify areas they can improve to boost the reach and effectiveness of their programs. But many organizations struggle with the idea of using data.How do successful nonprofits go about the process of implementing their data practices? What software do they use? What are the obstacles they face, and how do they overcome them? To find out, we reached out to our network of experts and consultants for examples of organizations that were successfully using data to improve and direct their work, and narrowed their list of recommendations down to 10 nonprofits of different sizes, missions, and locations.We talked to staffers at each who were involved with data and analyzed the information we gathered for common themes, best practices, and any patterns that might be useful. We also asked them for advice for other organizations looking to replicate their successes and learn from their mistakes.From those 10 organizations, we chose seven for case studies about the different ways they were using data. This report is built around those case studies and the additional conversations we had
- âŠ