Open-TEE - An Open Virtual Trusted Execution Environment

Hardware-based Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) are widely deployed in mobile devices. Yet their use has been limited primarily to applications developed by the device vendors. Recent standardization of TEE interfaces by GlobalPlatform (GP) promises to partially address this problem by enabling GP-compliant trusted applications to run on TEEs from different vendors. Nevertheless ordinary developers wishing to develop trusted applications face significant challenges. Access to hardware TEE interfaces are difficult to obtain without support from vendors. Tools and software needed to develop and debug trusted applications may be expensive or non-existent. In this paper, we describe Open-TEE, a virtual, hardware-independent TEE implemented in software. Open-TEE conforms to GP specifications. It allows developers to develop and debug trusted applications with the same tools they use for developing software in general. Once a trusted application is fully debugged, it can be compiled for any actual hardware TEE. Through performance measurements and a user study we demonstrate that Open-TEE is efficient and easy to use. We have made Open- TEE freely available as open source.Comment: Author's version of article to appear in 14th IEEE International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications, TrustCom 2015, Helsinki, Finland, August 20-22, 201

Quiz Button with Score Control and Display using Atmega16Microcontroller

To create Quiz Button with Score Control and Display using Atmega16 Microcontroller is to design and to produce its hardware and software, and also gaining knowledge of its performance. Quiz Button with Score Control and Display using Atmega16 Microcontroller hardware was designed with an operator circuit using six push buttons as input and three 0.56-inches seven segment as output, three group name and three digit score display circuits using four 3-inches seven segment as output and one push button as input, and also a sound producing buzzer which is included in the minimum system circiut. The software to control the Atmega16 microcontroller uses C programming language and a CodeVision AVR compiler. This software only has one main program without any sub-program. To summarize it all, the hardware production was a success, using Atmega16 microcontroller minimum system and other instrument as needed. Quiz Button with Score Control and Display using Atmega16 Microcontroller’s software is created using CodeVision AVR. This tool counts each group’s score based on operator’s input, displaying the score on each group’s displays, and control the lighting of group name and buzzer based on input from group buttons. Keywords : Button, Quiz, Microcontroller, Displa