Unidirectional and bidirectional optimistic modes IP header compression for real-time video streaming

Communication over Internet Protocol (IP) networks, has become crucial component of day everyday activities. They are utilized over the Internet to support a wide range of services. The flexibility of this kind of transmission relies on the IP User Datagram Protocol (UDP), IP/UDP/Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) and IP/Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). Unfortunately, the weight of encapsulated protocol headers affects the transmission efficiency. This research aims at improving a technique that reduce the packets header size by compression. Performance analysis of the enhanced efficient techniques in both unidirectional and bidirectional optimistic modes applied to real-time video streaming traffic for UDP/IP and HTTP/TCP flows over free error channel has been conducted. The finding shows that the header compression ratio in each case is good and better than the previous studies. The technique achieved a reduction up to 90% for RTP/UDP/IP, 89% for UDP /IP and 77.5 to 86.5 % for TCP/IP profile. This research contribution is restricted to compression gain and saving for 0x0000, 0x0001, 0x0002 and 0x0006 profiles in the unidirectional and bidirectional optimistic mode

An asynchronous time division multiplexing scheme for voice over IP.

by Yip Chung Sun Danny.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 52-54).Abstracts in English and Chinese.Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1Chapter 1.1 --- Motivation --- p.1Chapter 1.2 --- Organization of Thesis --- p.5Chapter Chapter 2 --- Background --- p.6Chapter 2.1 --- Speech Codec --- p.6Chapter 2.2 --- RTP/UDP/IP Header Compression --- p.7Chapter 2.2.1 --- Real-Time Transport Protocol --- p.7Chapter 2.2.2 --- RTP/UDP/IP Header Compression --- p.8Chapter Chapter 3 --- Scenario and Assumptions --- p.10Chapter Chapter 4 --- Asynchronous Time Division Multiplexing Scheme --- p.14Chapter 4.1 --- Basic Idea --- p.14Chapter 4.1.1 --- Bandwidth Efficiency Improvement --- p.16Chapter 4.1.2 --- Delay Reduction --- p.18Chapter 4.2 --- Header Compression --- p.19Chapter 4.2.1 --- Header Compression Process --- p.21Chapter 4.2.2 --- Context Mapping Table --- p.23Chapter 4.3 --- Protocol --- p.28Chapter 4.3.1 --- UNCOMPRESSED_RTP Mini-Header --- p.30Chapter 4.3.2 --- SYNCHRONIZATION Mini-header --- p.31Chapter 4.3.3 --- COMPRESSED´ؤRTP Mini-header --- p.32Chapter 4.4 --- Connection Establishment --- p.33Chapter 4.4.1 --- Addressing Phase --- p.34Chapter 4.4.2 --- Connection Phase --- p.36Chapter 4.5 --- Software Implementation --- p.38Chapter Chapter 5 --- Simulation Results --- p.39Chapter 5.1 --- Simulation Model --- p.39Chapter 5.2 --- Voice Source Model --- p.41Chapter 5.3 --- Simulation Results --- p.43Chapter 5.3.1 --- Network Utilization and Delay Performance --- p.43Chapter 5.3.2 --- Number of Supported Connections --- p.45Chapter Chapter 6 --- Conclusion and Future Work --- p.49Bibliography --- p.5

Using SCHC for an optimized protocol stack in multimodal LPWAN solutions

Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs) are formed out of cheap, small, interconnected devices which operate in the sub-GHz domain. The last couple of years, many communication technologies arose in this domain, each with its own characteristics. In order to satisfy more diverse requirements, devices are now equipped with multiple LPWAN radio technologies, which requires the use of a unified protocol stack independent of the underlying LPWAN technology. With its 2128 addresses available and its ability to operate over different link layer technologies, the IPv6 protocol stack would be the ideal candidate. However, many LPWAN configurations do not allow standardized IP/UDP communication, sometimes acquiring more header overhead than there is room for the actual payload. Recently, a new initiative to directly connect constrained devices over IP was initiated by the LPWAN working group of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). This work resulted in the Static Context Header Compression or SCHC mechanism. This header compression mechanism is able to compress the overhead of these internet protocols up to 95%. In order to comply with the IPv6 Maximum Transfer Unit (MTU) of 1280 bytes, a fragmentation mechanism is also included. In this work, we validate the benefits of using SCHC for multimodal LPWAN solutions and show its implementation feasibility on such constrained devices

Securing Internet of Things with Lightweight IPsec

Real-world deployments of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) require secure communication. It is important that a receiver is able to verify that sensor data was generated by trusted nodes. In some cases it may also be necessary to encrypt sensor data in transit. Recently, WSNs and traditional IP networks are more tightly integrated using IPv6 and 6LoWPAN. Available IPv6 protocol stacks can use IPsec to secure data exchange. Thus, it is desirable to extend 6LoWPAN such that IPsec communication with IPv6 nodes is possible. It is beneficial to use IPsec because the existing end-points on the Internet do not need to be modified to communicate securely with the WSN. Moreover, using IPsec, true end-to-end security is implemented and the need for a trustworthy gateway is removed. In this paper we provide End-to-End (E2E) secure communication between an IP enabled sensor nodes and a device on traditional Internet. This is the first compressed lightweight design, implementation, and evaluation of 6LoWPAN extension for IPsec on Contiki. Our extension supports both IPsec's Authentication Header (AH) and Encapsulation Security Payload (ESP). Thus, communication endpoints are able to authenticate, encrypt and check the integrity of messages using standardized and established IPv6 mechanisms

The Research of Increase of Channel Efficiency for IP Traffic Transmission over Digital Power Line Carrier Channels

This article is devoted to the research of channel efficiency for IP-traffic transmission over Digital Power Line Carrier channels. The application of serial WAN connections and header compression as methods to increase channel efficiency is considered. According to the results of the research an effective solution for network traffic transmission in DPLC networks was proposed

IETF standardization in the field of the Internet of Things (IoT): a survey

Smart embedded objects will become an important part of what is called the Internet of Things. However, the integration of embedded devices into the Internet introduces several challenges, since many of the existing Internet technologies and protocols were not designed for this class of devices. In the past few years, there have been many efforts to enable the extension of Internet technologies to constrained devices. Initially, this resulted in proprietary protocols and architectures. Later, the integration of constrained devices into the Internet was embraced by IETF, moving towards standardized IP-based protocols. In this paper, we will briefly review the history of integrating constrained devices into the Internet, followed by an extensive overview of IETF standardization work in the 6LoWPAN, ROLL and CoRE working groups. This is complemented with a broad overview of related research results that illustrate how this work can be extended or used to tackle other problems and with a discussion on open issues and challenges. As such the aim of this paper is twofold: apart from giving readers solid insights in IETF standardization work on the Internet of Things, it also aims to encourage readers to further explore the world of Internet-connected objects, pointing to future research opportunities