17,543 research outputs found
Monitoring of renewable energy systems by IoTâaided SCADA system
With the rapid increase of renewable energy generation worldwide, realâtime
information has become essential to manage such assets, especially for systems
installed offshore and in remote areas. To date, there is no costâeffective
condition monitoring technique that can assess the state of renewable energy
sources in realâtime and provide suitable asset management decisions to
optimize the utilization of such valuable assets and avoid any full or partial
blackout due to unexpected faults. Based on the Internet of Things scheme,
this paper represents a new application for the Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA) system to monitor a hybrid system comprising
photovoltaic, wind, and battery energy storage systems. Electrical parameters
such as voltage, current, and power are monitored in realâtime via the
ThingSpeak website. Network operators can control components of the hybrid
power system remotely by the proposed SCADA system. The SCADA system is
interfaced with the Matlab/Simulink software tool through KEPServerEX
client. For costâeffective design, lowâcost electronic components and Arduino
Integrated Development Environment ATMega2560 remote terminal unit are
employed to develop a hardware prototype for experimental analysis.
Simulation and experimental results attest to the feasibility of the proposed
system. Compared with other existing techniques, the developed system
features advantages in terms of reliability and costâeffectivenes
Operating Point Optimization of a Hydrogen Fueled Hybrid Solid Oxide Fuel Cell-Steam Turbine (SOFC-ST) Plant
This paper presents a hydrogen powered hybrid solid oxide fuel cell-steam turbine (SOFC-ST) system and studies its optimal operating conditions. This type of installation can be very appropriate to complement the intermittent generation of renewable energies, such as wind generation. A dynamic model of an alternative hybrid SOFC-ST configuration that is especially suited to work with hydrogen is developed. The proposed system recuperates the waste heat of the high temperature fuel cell, to feed a bottoming cycle (BC) based on a steam turbine (ST). In order to optimize the behavior and performance of the system, a two-level control structure is proposed. Two controllers have been implemented for the stack temperature and fuel utilization factor. An upper supervisor generates optimal set-points in order to reach a maximal hydrogen efficiency. The simulation results obtained show that the proposed system allows one to reach high efficiencies at rated power levels.This work has been carried out in the Intelligent Systems and Energy research group of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and has been supported by the UFI11/28 research grant of the UPV/EHU and by the IT677-13 research grant of the Basque Government (Spain) and by DPI2012-37363-CO2-01 research grant of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness
A critical analysis of research potential, challenges and future directives in industrial wireless sensor networks
In recent years, Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks (IWSNs) have emerged as an important research theme with applications spanning a wide range of industries including automation, monitoring, process control, feedback systems and automotive. Wide scope of IWSNs applications ranging from small production units, large oil and gas industries to nuclear fission control, enables a fast-paced research in this field. Though IWSNs offer advantages of low cost, flexibility, scalability, self-healing, easy deployment and reformation, yet they pose certain limitations on available potential and introduce challenges on multiple fronts due to their susceptibility to highly complex and uncertain industrial environments. In this paper a detailed discussion on design objectives, challenges and solutions, for IWSNs, are presented. A careful evaluation of industrial systems, deadlines and possible hazards in industrial atmosphere are discussed. The paper also presents a thorough review of the existing standards and industrial protocols and gives a critical evaluation of potential of these standards and protocols along with a detailed discussion on available hardware platforms, specific industrial energy harvesting techniques and their capabilities. The paper lists main service providers for IWSNs solutions and gives insight of future trends and research gaps in the field of IWSNs
Modeling and supervisory control design for a combined cycle power plant
The traditional control strategy based on PID controllers may be unsatisfactory when dealing with processes with large time delay and constraints. This paper presents a supervisory model based constrained predictive controller (MPC) for a combined cycle power plant (CCPP). First, a non-linear dynamic model of CCPP using the laws of physics was proposed. Then, the supervisory control using the linear constrained MPC method was designed to tune the performance of the PID controllers by including output constraints and manipulating the set points. This scheme showed excellent tracking and disturbance rejection results and improved performance compared with a stand-alone PID controllerâs scheme
Smart home energy management
The new challenges on Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in Automatic Home
Systems (AHS) focus on the methods useful to monitor, control, and optimize the data management
flow and the use of energy. An AHS is a residential dwelling, in some cases with a garden or
an outdoor space, equipped with sensors and actuators to collect data and send controls according to
the activities and expectations of the occupants/users. Home automation provides a centralized or
distributed control of electrical appliances. Adding intelligence to the home environment, it would
be possible to obtain, not only excellent levels of comfort, but also energy savings both inside and
outside the dwelling, for instance using smart solutions for the management of the external lights and
of the garden
Least costly energy management for series hybrid electric vehicles
Energy management of plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) has different
challenges from non-plug-in HEVs, due to bigger batteries and grid recharging.
Instead of tackling it to pursue energetic efficiency, an approach minimizing
the driving cost incurred by the user - the combined costs of fuel, grid energy
and battery degradation - is here proposed. A real-time approximation of the
resulting optimal policy is then provided, as well as some analytic insight
into its dependence on the system parameters. The advantages of the proposed
formulation and the effectiveness of the real-time strategy are shown by means
of a thorough simulation campaign
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