12 research outputs found

    APPLICATION OF FUZZY VIKOR IN AUTOMOTIVE BRAKE PAD MATERIAL

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    Multi Criteria Decision Making methods is one of the most common methods used to determine the most appropriate material. In the decision making process, there are dissimilarities to elicit, specify and analyse the information on alternatives, criteria and relative significance of the criteria. Fuzzy set has been utilised in Multi Criteria Decision Making methods to optimise the method and created an extended approach to deal with uncertainty and increase the accuracy of decision making. As for many years’ asbestos was viewed as having an optimal performance as a brake pad. However, this material has been banned by the Environmental Protection Agency. Due to the increasing awareness on environmental impact and subsequently the need towards sustainability, selection of the appropriate material for a brake pad that complies with the environment and regulations is vital and natural fibre reinforced composite has potential to replace the asbestos in the automotive brake pad application. Therefore, the objective of this study is to apply the Fuzzy VIKOR to select the best natural fibre reinforced composite for the automotive brake pad to replace the asbestos. Four alternatives of natural fibre reinforced composite with five criteria have been evaluated by three decision maker. The results of the Fuzzy VIKOR shows that the date palm fibre is selected as the best material for the automotive brake pad

    Assessing human error during collecting a hydrocarbon sample of the chemical plant using therp

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    This paper reports the assessment method of the hydrocarbon sample collection standard operation procedure (SOP) using THERP. The Performance Shaping Factors (PSF) from THERP analyzed and assessed the human errors during collecting a hydrocarbon sample of a petrochemical refinery plant. Twenty-two scenarios and standard operating procedures (SOP) are analysed to identify the human errors. The event tree analysis is employed to quantify the human error. The finding revealed that the THERP is a feasible technique for measuring human performance errors and performance shaping factors.Keywords: THERP, Event Tree Analysis, Human Error Probability, Hydrocarbon SampleCollection SOP

    VIKOR Technique:A Systematic Review of the State of the Art Literature on Methodologies and Applications

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    The main objective of this paper is to present a systematic review of the VlseKriterijuska Optimizacija I Komoromisno Resenje (VIKOR) method in several application areas such as sustainability and renewable energy. This study reviewed a total of 176 papers, published in 2004 to 2015, from 83 high-ranking journals; most of which were related to Operational Research, Management Sciences, decision making, sustainability and renewable energy and were extracted from the “Web of Science and Scopus” databases. Papers were classified into 15 main application areas. Furthermore, papers were categorized based on the nationalities of authors, dates of publications, techniques and methods, type of studies, the names of the journals and studies purposes. The results of this study indicated that more papers on VIKOR technique were published in 2013 than in any other year. In addition, 13 papers were published about sustainability and renewable energy fields. Furthermore, VIKOR and fuzzy VIKOR methods, had the first rank in use. Additionally, the Journal of Expert Systems with Applications was the most significant journal in this study, with 27 publications on the topic. Finally, Taiwan had the first rank from 22 nationalities which used VIKOR technique

    Penggunaan Metode Heart Dan JSA Sebagai Upaya Pengurangan Human Error Pada Kecelakaan Kerja Di Departemen Produksi

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    Occupational health and safety is very important point for a company. CV. XYZ is a company that produces paving and have problem about the occupational accident. There are 4 production procceses that can be couse occupational accidents, which is taking raw materials procces, stirring batter, forming and drying. This case must be analyzed using HEART and JSA method as evaluating effort for occupational accident. The results of HEART method analysing imply that HEP value 0,8632is the most dangerous occupational, that is forpicking gravel from cement mixer machine. After known the value of HEP afterward analyzed using JSA method. The goal is as improvement to occupational accident in the production process in order can be reduced. The result of JSA method analysing are improvement suggestion such us levying mask, hat, design of additional components for machine, additional equipment for pallet and hand pallet, and assigning standart operational procedure

    A risk assessment of two automobile repair centres: A Nigerian case study

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    We do not understand the hazards and risks faced by auto-mechanics despite knowledge of their growing service responsibilities in recent years, coupled with the very hazardous work environment in which they operate. In this article, as a prospective antidote to this deficiency, an inventory of possible risks to which the workers of an automobile repair centre may be exposed, is created. Measures that should be taken to minimise these risks are proffered. The risks faced by automobile mechanics were investigated using two case studies of small and medium scale enterprises in a developing country. The study employed both quantitative and qualitative assessment methods. This approach used interviews and questionnaire approach for the qualitative method while a projected monetary approach was employed for the quantitative method. A major finding was that over-exertion ranked as the highest risk for all the workers combined. The result was corroborated by findings of the National Safety Council and will be of immense value to workshop managers in developing the most effective risk control practices at their centres

    Human error assessment in supply chain: case study in road transport services

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    This research presents an approach from cognitive ergonomics in human error for logistics sector, particularly in the case of land freight transport. For this, the Systematic Human Error Reduction and Prediction Approach – SHERPA, and Success Likelihood Index Method - SLIM methods were applied in three companies participating. Errors were identified in the generation of the cost of the service (T1), in the entry of service data (T2), in notifying customers of the news of the service (T3) and, preparation of the documentation for the drivers (T4). Errors whose probability of occurrence ranged from 24.8% to 34.2% were quantified. The reliability of each error was determined as an independent system in which case the result for tasks T1, T2 and T3 was 80% and 75% for T4.Esta investigación presenta un acercamiento desde la ergonomía cognitiva en la determinación del error humano en el sector logístico, particularmente para el caso del transporte terrestre de carga. Para ello se aplicaron los métodos de Systematic Human Error Reduction and Prediction Approach – SHERPA y Success Likelihood Index Method – SLIM en tres empresas participantes del estudio. Se identificaron errores en la generación del costo del servicio (T1), en el ingreso de datos del servicio (T2), en la notificación a los clientes de las novedades del servicio (T3) y en la preparación de la documentación para los conductores (T4). Se cuantificaron los errores cuya probabilidad de ocurrencia oscilaron entre un 24,8% y 34,2%. Se determinó la fiabilidad de cada error como un sistema independiente, en cuyo caso el resultado arrojado para las tareas T1, T2 y T3 fue del 80% y del 75% para T4

    Procena rizika zastoja dizalica

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    According to available literature, safety at work and productivity of cranes are a necessary and insufficiently researched topic. Both research directions are closely related because they depend on the number and type of stoppages that occur during operation of these construction machines. The focus of research should be on identifying the stoppages that can have fatal consequences for employees on-site, or unintended consequences in terms of production loss, means of work, or environment. In the present research, an attempt is made to create a methodology for identification, analysis, assessment, classification, and calculation of stoppage risk in cranes (classified by categories and causes). Criteria used for analysis, assessment, and calculation of stoppage risk: degree of stoppage danger, frequency of stoppage classified according to stoppage categories/causes, and downtime according to the adopted classification. Experimental research on a sample of 1,091 stoppages recorded on several cranes over a longer time interval has confirmed the hypothesis of generating a 3-criterion matrix for stoppage risk assessment sensitive enough to prioritise key crane stoppage in terms of risk. Results of experimental research indicate mechanical downtime of 16.22 %, a frequency 45.35 % in downtime, and RPN number 80, at hazard level 10. Selectively, according to the cause of stoppage, the results indicate that the hoisting brake (6.48 % downtime at hazard level 10; 2.14 % stoppage frequency) and hoist gear/tooth breakage (5.29 % downtime at hazard level 10; 3.58 % stoppage frequency) are key mechanical causes of stoppages and crane risk generators. By mitigating the given risks, it is possible to improve safety and increase productivity.Prema dostupnoj literaturi, bezbednost u radu i produktivnost dizalica je potrebna i nedovoljno proučena oblast. Oba pravca istraživanja su u bliskoj vezi jer zavise od broja i tipa zastoja koji se događaju u toku rada ovih mašinskih konstrukcija. Predmet istraživanja treba da bude u identifikaciji ovih zastoja, koji mogu imati fatalni ishod po zaposlene na terenu, ili nepredviđene posledice u smislu proizvodnih gubitaka, radnih sredstava, ili na okolinu. U radu je predstavljena izrada metodologije za identifikaciju, analizu, procenu, klasifikaciju i proračun rizika zastoja (sa klasifikacijom prema kategoriji i uzroku) kod dizalica. Kriterijumi upotrebljeni za analizu, procenu i proračun rizika zastoja su: stepen opasnosti zastoja, frekvencija zastoja sa klasifikacijom prema kategorijama/uzrocima zastoja, kao i vreme prekida, prema usvojenoj klasifikaciji. Eksperimentalno istraživanje na uzorku od 1091 zastoja, zabeleženih kod nekoliko dizalica tokom dužeg perioda potvrđuje hipotezu o generisanju 3-kriterijumske matrice za procenu rizika zastoja, dovoljno osetljivom, kako bi se dao prioritet ključnim zastojima kod dizalice s obzirom na rizik. Rezultati eksperimentalnog istraživanja pokazuju period mehaničkih prekida rada sa procentom 16.22 % i frekvencijom 45.35 % u vremenu prekida, sa brojem RPN od 80, pri nivou rizika 10. Selektivno, a prema uzroku zastoja, rezultati pokazuju da su: kočnice (6.48 % vreme prekida sa nivoom rizika 10; 2.14 % frekvencije zastoja), zatim otkazi prenosnika/zubaca (5.29 % vreme prekida, sa nivoom rizika 10; 3.58 % frekvencije zastoja), ključni mehanički uzročnici zastoja i generatori rizika dizalica. Ublažavanjem datih rizika, moguće je poboljšati bezbednost i povećati produktivnost

    Crane stoppages risk assessment

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    According to available literature, safety at work and productivity of cranes are a necessary and insufficiently researched topic. Both research directions are closely related because they depend on the number and type of stoppages that occur during operation of these construction machines. The focus of research should be on identifying the stoppages that can have fatal consequences for employees on-site, or unintended consequences in terms of production loss, means of work, or environment. In the present research, an attempt is made to create a methodology for identification, analysis, assessment, classification, and calculation of stoppage risk in cranes (classified by categories and causes). Criteria used for analysis, assessment, and calculation of stoppage risk: degree of stoppage danger, frequency of stoppage classified according to stoppage categories/causes, and downtime according to the adopted classification. Experimental research on a sample of 1,091 stoppages recorded on several cranes over a longer time interval has confirmed the hypothesis of generating a 3-criterion matrix for stoppage risk assessment sensitive enough to prioritize key crane stoppage in terms of risk. Results of experimental research indicate mechanical downtime of 16.22 %, a frequency 45.35 % in downtime, and RPN number 80, at hazard level 10. Selectively, according to the cause of stoppage, the results indicate that the hoisting brake (6.48 % downtime at hazard level 10; 2.14 % stoppage frequency) and hoist gear/tooth breakage (5.29 % downtime at hazard level 10; 3.58 % stoppage frequency) are key mechanical causes of stoppages and crane risk generators. By mitigating the given risks, it is possible to improve safety and increase productivity

    Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches for Evaluation of Safety Risks in Coal Mines

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    The safety in underground coal mines continues to be a major problem in the Indian mining industry. Despite significant measures taken by the Directorate General of Mines Safety (DGMS) to reduce the number of mining accidents in underground coal mines, the number remains high. To improve the safety conditions, it has become a prerequisite to performing risk assessment for various operations in Indian mines. It is noted that many research studies conducted in the past are limited to either statistical analysis of accidents or study of single equipment or operation using qualitative and quantitative techniques. Limited work has been done to identify, analyse, and evaluate the safety risks of a complete underground coal mine in India. The present study attempts to determine the appropriate qualitative and quantitative risk assessment approaches for the evaluation of safety risks in Indian underground coal mines. This thesis addresses several important objectives as (i) to identify the type of safety risk analysis techniques suitable for evaluating various mining scenarios (ii) to identify and analyse the hazard factors and hazardous events that affects the safety in underground coal using the qualitative and quantitative approaches (iii) to evaluate the risk level (RL) of the hazardous factors/groups, hazardous events, and the overall mine using the proposed methodology. In this research work, the qualitative techniques, i.e. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), Workplace Risk Assessment and Control (WRAC), and the quantitative techniques, i.e. Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and Event Tree Analysis (ETA) were applied in an underground coal mine to identify and analyse the hazard factors and hazard events. The analysis of FMEA and WRAC results concluded that the qualitative risk assessment is easy to execute and practical as they are not dependent on the historical data; rather they need experience and close examination. On the other hand, they may yield subjective results due to instinctive human assessment. The analysis of the FTA and ETA results concluded that the quantitative risk assessment could not be performed in Indian underground coal mines due to lack of probability, exposure, and consequence data. To overcome the mentioned problems in qualitative and quantitative techniques, a methodology was proposed for evaluation of the safety risks of hazard events, hazard groups, and overall mine. The proposed methodology is the unification of fuzzy logic, VIKOR (In Serbia: VIseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje, that means: Multi-criteria Optimization and Compromise Solution), and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) techniques. Because of the imprecise nature of the information available in the mining industry, fuzzy logic was employed to evaluate the risk of each hazardous event in terms of consequence, exposure, and probability. VIKOR as was used to rank the evaluated risk of hazardous events. AHP technique helps to determine the relative importance of the risk factors. Therefore, AHP technique was integrated into the risk model so that the risk evaluation can progress from hazardous event level to hazard factor level and finally to overall mine level. To reduce the calculation time significantly and to increase the speed of the proposed risk assessment process, a user-friendly Graphical User Interface (TRAM) was developed using the C# language through Microsoft Visual Studio 2015 and .Net libraries. The proposed methodology developed in this thesis was applied to six underground coal mines. The results presented the risk level of hazard events, hazards groups and overall mine of six mines. The mine-5 has the highest risk level among the evaluated mines. The ranking order of the mines observed based on the overall risk level is mine-5> mine-1 > mine-2 > mine-3 > mine-6 > mine-4. The results of the proposed methodology were compared with DGMS proposed rapid ranking method. This is observed that the proposed methodology presents better evaluation than other approaches. This study could help the mine management to prepare safety measures based on the risk rankings obtained. It may also aid to evaluate accurate risk levels with identified hazards while preparing risk management plans
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