31,162 research outputs found
Transmission losses cost allocation in restructed electricity market environment
During these recent decades, the restructuring system of electricity market
has been taken places around the whole world. Due to the restructuring
(deregulation), the electrical power system has been divided into three separates
categories according to the function. First stage of power system is the generation
companies (GENCOs), followed by transmission companies (TRANSCOs) and
distribution companies (DISCOs). The competitive environment will be handling by
a non-profit entity, independent system operator (ISO) that functioning as the system
securities that have to make sure that the power system continues to operate in a
stable and economical manner. However, restructuring system can give effect during
the energy transmission. One of the transmission issues is regarding the power
losses. To overcome the losses, generators must generate more power. The issue
regarding the transmission losses in deregulated system is how to allocate it to the
user and charge them in fair ways as in for instance the pool trading model, it is hard
to trace the power contribution and losses of each user in transmission line. In
addition, the users didn’t want to pay the losses, it means that the ISO have to
responsible for the losses and it will be unfair to put the responsible to ISO alone.
Therefore, in this project, the allocation of transmission losses and loss cost methods
which are the pro-rata and proportional sharing method will be investigated.
Comparison between those methods will be done in order to identify which types of
method that reflect an efficient and fair way to distribute the cost of the transmission
losses to the user. These chosen methods will be tested on IEEE bus system
Internet of things security implementation using blockchain for wireless technology
Blockchain is a new security system which group many data into a block or so called classifying the data into a block. The block can have many types and each of them content data and security code. By using a decentralize mechanism, one security code protect all the data. That could happen at the server. In this research, a network of wireless sensor technology is proposed. The transmission of sensor data is via the Internet of things (Internet of Thing) technology. As many data transmitted, they have to classified and group them into a block. All the blocks are then send to the central processing unit, like a microcontroller. The block of data is then processed, identified and encrypted before send over the internet network. At the receiver, a GUI or Apps is developed to open and view the data. The Apps or GUI have an encrypted data or security code. User must key in the password before they can view the data. The password used by the end user at the Apps or GUI must be equivalent to the one encrypted at the sensor nodes. This is to satisfy the decentralized concept used in the Blockchain. To demonstrate the Blockchain technology applied to the wireless sensor network, a MATLAB Simulink function is used. The expected results should show a number of block of data in cryptography manner and chain together. The two set of data. Both have the data encrypted using hash. The black dots indicate the data has been encrypted whereas the white dot indicate indicates the data is not encrypted. The half white and half black indicates the data is in progress of encrypted. All this data should arrange in cryptography order and chain together in a vertical line. A protocol called block and chain group the data into the block and then chain then. The data appears in the blocks and send over the network. As seen in the simulation results, the yellow color represents the user data. This data has a default amplitude as 1 or 5. The data is chained and blocked to produce the Blockchain waveform
Keywords: Blockchain, Internet of things, Wireless Sensor Network and MATLAB Simulin
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Diverse virtual social networks: Implications for remote software testing teams
This paper evaluates offshore outsourcing in the IT testing industry and determines what conditions determine its success. There is particular focus on the influence of diversity in teams on group relationships. Two studies are described: the first, investigated the perceptions of professional software testers on the critical factors of offshore outsourcing; and the second study looked at the ability for diverse teams to form close working relationships through virtual networks. We find that overt diversity factors inhibit interaction across nationality boundaries. The limitations of virtual networks for fostering personal communications is apparent in preventing group members from overcoming the initial aversion to mix with out-group members, which could be achieved with closer and more personal communications between members with different diversity factors in normal face to face communications. Where software testing teams are outsourced globaly, and must rely on virtual communications, there seems potential for significant difficulties in developing close working relationships, which on the one hand, can be negative for group cohesion, but one the other hand, can be positive for encouraging imparitality
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Outsourcing information systems: Drawing lessons from a banking case study
Financial and costs benefits are often put forward as the reasons why organisations decide to outsource.
Emerging patterns and trends indicate that today’s outsourcing decisions are often motivated by factors
other than cost. Thus, the decision-making process is more complex than it may at first appear. This paper
presents findings from a case study from an organisation in the UK banking sector that was motivated to
outsource aspects of its information technology/information system (IT/IS). The underlying motives and
decision-making process that influenced the bank outsource its IT/IS are presented and discussed. Findings
from the case study suggest political perspectives, as well as human and organisational issues influenced
the bank’s strategic decision-making to outsource certain aspects of its business. An examination of the
case study findings suggests that cost alone is not always responsible for decisions to outsource, as it was
found the bank’s outsourcing decision was driven by a series of complex, interrelated motives in a bid to
reduce the risks and uncertainties of managing its own technology. Considering the complex nature of the
outsourcing process a frame of reference that can be used to assist managers with their decision to outsource
IT/IS is propagated. The case study is used to present an organisation’s experiences as to how and why it
decided to outsource its IS and thus offers a learning opportunity for other organisations facing similar
difficulties. In addition, the case study findings highlight the need to focus greater attention on discriminating
between the short and long-term consequences of IT/IS decision-makin
Globalisation of HR at Function Level: Exploring the Issues Through International Recruitment, Selection and Assessment Processes
Much of the debate around convergence-divergence is based around comparative analysis of HR systems. However, we need now to combine these insights with work in the field of IHRM on firm-level motivations to optimise, standardise and export HR models abroad. A series of the changes are being wrought on a range of IHRM functions – recruitment, global staffing, management development and careers, and rewards - by the process of globalisation highlighting the difference between globally standardised, optimised or localised HR processes. This paper reports on a study of firm-level developments in international recruitment, selection and assessment, drawing upon an analysis of four case studies each conducted in a different context. Organisations are building IHRM functions that are shifting from the management of expatriation towards supplementary services to the business aimed at facilitating the globalisation process, and this involves capitalising upon the fragmentation of international employees. As HR realigns itself in response to this process of within-function globalisation (building new alliances with other functions such as marketing and IS) the new activity streams that are being developed and the new roles and skills of the HR function carry important implications for the study of convergence and divergence of IHRM practice. Globalisation at firm level revolves around complexity, and this is evidenced in two ways: first, the range of theory that we have to draw upon, and the competing issues that surface depending on the level of analysis that is adopted; and second, the different picture that might emerge depending upon the level of analysis that is adopted. This paper shows that although the field of IHRM has traditionally drawn upon core theories such as the resource-based view of the firm, relational and social capital, and institutional theory, once the full range of resourcing options now open to IHRM functions are considered, it is evident that we need to incorporate both more micro theory, as well as insights from contingent fields in order to explain some of the new practices that are emerging
Family Involvement in Management and Product Innovation: The Mediating Role of R&D Strategies
Following calls to capture family firms’ innovative behavior and to specifically clarify how family firms manage product innovations to achieve sustainable economic development, this study empirically investigates the mediating role of Research & Development (R&D) strategies (i.e., intramural R&D investments, extramural R&D investments, and the combination of both intramural and extramural R&D investments) in the relationship between family involvement in the management and likelihood of obtaining product innovations. Carrying out a panel data analysis that is based on 7264 observations of Spanish manufacturing firms throughout the 2000–2015 period, our results suggest a negative effect of the level of family management on the likelihood of introducing product innovations. Moreover, we found that intramural R&D investments and the investment strategy consisting of both intramural and extramural R&D mediated the family involvement in management-likelihood of obtaining product innovations relationship. Our findings contribute important insights to the comprehension of which determinants instigate product innovation in family managed firms
Task allocation in dynamic networks of satellites
The management of distributed satellite systems requires the coordination of a large number of heterogeneous spacecraft. Task allocation in such a system is complicated by limited communication and individual satellite dynamics. Previous work has shown that task allocation using a market-based mechanism can provide scalable and efficient management of static networks; in this paper we extend this work to determine the impact of dynamic topologies. We develop a Keplerian mobility model to describe the topology of the communication network over time. This movement model is then used in simulation to show that the task allocation mechanism does not show a significant decrease in effectiveness from the static case, reflecting the suitability distributed market-based control to the highly dynamic environment
Virtual HR Departments: Getting Out of the Middle
In this chapter, we explore the notion of virtual HR departments: a network-based organization built on partnerships and mediated by information technologies in order to be simultaneously strategic, flexible, cost-efficient, and service-oriented. We draw on experiences and initiatives at Merck Pharmaceuticals in order to show how information technology in establishing an infrastructure for virtual HR. Then, we present a model for mapping the architecture of HR activities that includes both internal and external sourcing options. We conclude by offering some recommendations for management practice as well as future research
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