2,708 research outputs found
Canonical Melnikov theory for diffeomorphisms
We study perturbations of diffeomorphisms that have a saddle connection
between a pair of normally hyperbolic invariant manifolds. We develop a
first-order deformation calculus for invariant manifolds and show that a
generalized Melnikov function or Melnikov displacement can be written in a
canonical way. This function is defined to be a section of the normal bundle of
the saddle connection.
We show how our definition reproduces the classical methods of Poincar\'{e}
and Melnikov and specializes to methods previously used for exact symplectic
and volume-preserving maps. We use the method to detect the transverse
intersection of stable and unstable manifolds and relate this intersection to
the set of zeros of the Melnikov displacement.Comment: laTeX, 31 pages, 3 figure
An analytical study of transport, mixing and chaos in an unsteady vortical flow
We examine the transport properties of a particular two-dimensional, inviscid incompressible flow using dynamical systems techniques. The velocity field is time periodic and consists of the field induced by a vortex pair plus an oscillating strainrate field. In the absence of the strain-rate field the vortex pair moves with a constant velocity and carries with it a constant body of fluid. When the strain-rate field is added the picture changes dramatically; fluid is entrained and detrained from the neighbourhood of the vortices and chaotic particle motion occurs. We investigate the mechanism for this phenomenon and study the transport and mixing of fluid in this flow. Our work consists of both numerical and analytical studies. The analytical studies include the interpretation of the invariant manifolds as the underlying structure which govern the transport. For small values of strain-rate amplitude we use Melnikov's technique to investigate the behaviour of the manifolds as the parameters of the problem change and to prove the existence of a horseshoe map and thus the existence of chaotic particle paths in the flow. Using the Melnikov technique once more we develop an analytical estimate of the flux rate into and out of the vortex neighbourhood. We then develop a technique for determining the residence time distribution for fluid particles near the vortices that is valid for arbitrary strainrate amplitudes. The technique involves an understanding of the geometry of the tangling of the stable and unstable manifolds and results in a dramatic reduction in computational effort required for the determination of the residence time distributions. Additionally, we investigate the total stretch of material elements while they are in the vicinity of the vortex pair, using this quantity as a measure of the effect of the horseshoes on trajectories passing through this region. The numerical work verifies the analytical predictions regarding the structure of the invariant manifolds, the mechanism for entrainment and detrainment and the flux rate
Heteroclinic intersections between Invariant Circles of Volume-Preserving Maps
We develop a Melnikov method for volume-preserving maps with codimension one
invariant manifolds. The Melnikov function is shown to be related to the flux
of the perturbation through the unperturbed invariant surface. As an example,
we compute the Melnikov function for a perturbation of a three-dimensional map
that has a heteroclinic connection between a pair of invariant circles. The
intersection curves of the manifolds are shown to undergo bifurcations in
homologyComment: LaTex with 10 eps figure
Horseshoes and Arnold Diffusion for Hamiltonian Systems on Lie Groups
Abstract not availabl
Production of two Z-bosons in gluon fusion in the heavy top quark approximation
We compute QCD radiative corrections to the continuum production of a pair of
Z-bosons in the annihilation of two gluons. We only consider the contribution
of the top quark loops and we treat them assuming that is much larger
than any other kinematic invariant in the problem. We estimate the QCD
corrections to using the first non-trivial term in the expansion in
the inverse top quark mass and we compare them to QCD corrections of the signal
process, .Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure
Resonance Zones and Lobe Volumes for Volume-Preserving Maps
We study exact, volume-preserving diffeomorphisms that have heteroclinic
connections between a pair of normally hyperbolic invariant manifolds. We
develop a general theory of lobes, showing that the lobe volume is given by an
integral of a generating form over the primary intersection, a subset of the
heteroclinic orbits. Our definition reproduces the classical action formula in
the planar, twist map case. For perturbations from a heteroclinic connection,
the lobe volume is shown to reduce, to lowest order, to a suitable integral of
a Melnikov function.Comment: ams laTeX, 8 figure
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