Evolutionary games on multilayer networks: A colloquium

Networks form the backbone of many complex systems, ranging from the Internet to human societies. Accordingly, not only is the range of our interactions limited and thus best described and modeled by networks, it is also a fact that the networks that are an integral part of such models are often interdependent or even interconnected. Networks of networks or multilayer networks are therefore a more apt description of social systems. This colloquium is devoted to evolutionary games on multilayer networks, and in particular to the evolution of cooperation as one of the main pillars of modern human societies. We first give an overview of the most significant conceptual differences between single-layer and multilayer networks, and we provide basic definitions and a classification of the most commonly used terms. Subsequently, we review fascinating and counterintuitive evolutionary outcomes that emerge due to different types of interdependencies between otherwise independent populations. The focus is on coupling through the utilities of players, through the flow of information, as well as through the popularity of different strategies on different network layers. The colloquium highlights the importance of pattern formation and collective behavior for the promotion of cooperation under adverse conditions, as well as the synergies between network science and evolutionary game theory.Comment: 14 two-column pages, 8 figures; accepted for publication in European Physical Journal

Qualitative Impact Study of Credit With Education in Burkina Faso

The objective of this qualitative study is to investigate and document program ef­fects for participants and program communi­ties after two years of activities. Three com­munities were visited for approximately one week each, and an attempt was made to in­terview all current members of the Credit Association in each village as well as com­munity leaders and other nonparticipants

Improvising difference : constructing Canarian Jazz cultures

textThis dissertation is a performance of and around borders, emphasizing how physical and virtual boundaries impact members of a community on the global periphery. More specifically, it interrogates the ways in which Canarian jazz musicians encounter and interact with the multiple types of actively produced aislamiento (isolation). As an autonomous community of Spain, the vestiges of colonialism are quite present in everyday Canarian life, despite many inhabitants' self-identification as African. This project traces three main lines of inquiry: the historical construction of the Canary Islands as exoticized periphery; the eradication of the Afro/Canarian subject through the ongoing ideological and physical violence; and the ways in which Canarian populations are re-asserting their identities—as Afro/Canarian, diasporic, and trans-Atlantic—through critical performance against trenchant stereotypes and the dominant paradigms that propagate them. Throughout the dissertation, I examine how surfaces—architectural, cartographic, scholarly and sonic—act to frame (and mask) cultural and musical identity. The ideological seams of these surfaces can function as interstitial spaces from which critical resistance can be performed through improvising musical and discursive acts. Just as Canarian jazz musicians play against and across dominant paradigms to subsist, I will demonstrate how interstitial research methodologies can break open the potentially obscuring surfaces that these paradigms construct. I extend David Sudnow's notion of the "articulational reach" and his phenomenologically informed exploration of piano performance into ethnographic research, emphasizing how my own subjectivity as researcher/pianist impacts and shapes the project. Crucial to Sudnow's "reach" is its inherently improvisatory emergence and the uncertainty of its outcome. In short, the ways in which Canarian musicians must improvise performances in musical and social environments will be examined and resonating with an approach imbued with the same improvising, subjective unfolding—both in terms of research methodology and of writerly perspective. The dissertation could be read as an unfolding, improvised construction that is constantly accruing new meanings: its chapters are not so much driven by an overarching or individual theses so much as by the spinning out of possible responses to the questions surrounding the project's initial premises.Musi

Money-output Granger causality revisited: An empirical analysis of EU countries

In this paper, the evidence collected in the large literature on testing for Granger-causality from money to output is revisited. Using a broad data base of 14 EU-countries plus Canada, the US and Japan, and quarterly data from the mid 60s to the mid 90s, a number of hypotheses from this literature is evaluated. It is found that very few general conclusions can be sustained. For instance, in most countries it is not the case that the use of data in levels creates a bias in favour of finding Granger-causality effects of money on output compared to using differences. Neither does the significance of money lags decline when increasing the number of variables included in the model. What appears to be robust, though, is that allowing for asymmetries clearly increases the likelihood of finding significant causality effects. Based on the Grangercausality test results, a number of country groups are obtained using cluster analysis, which are characterised by a similar behaviour with respect to the money-output relation. --Money-Output Causality,Granger Causality,EU countries

Refiguring Moderation in Eating and Drinking In Late Fourteenth- and Fifteenth- Century Middle English Literature

abstract: It has become something of a scholarly truism that during the medieval period, gluttony was combatted simply by teaching and practicing abstinence. However, this dissertation presents a more nuanced view on the matter. Its aim is to examine the manner in which the moral discourse of dietary moderation in late medieval England captured subtle nuances of bodily behavior and was used to explore the complex relationship between the individual and society. The works examined foreground the difficulty of differentiating bodily needs from gluttonous desire. They show that moderation cannot be practiced by simply refraining from food and drink. By refiguring the idea of moderation, these works explore how the individual’s ability to exercise moral discretion and make better dietary choices can be improved. The introductory chapter provides an overview of how the idea of dietary moderation in late fourteenth- and fifteenth-century Middle English didactic literature was influenced by the monastic and ascetic tradition and how late medieval authors revisited the issue of moderation and encouraged readers to reevaluate their eating and drinking habits and pursue lifestyle changes. The second chapter focuses on Langland’s discussion in Piers Plowman of the importance of dietary moderation as a supplementary virtue of charity in terms of creating a sustainable community. The third chapter examines Chaucer’s critique of the rhetoric of moderation in the speech of the Pardoner and the Friar John in the Summoner’s Tale, who attempted to assert their clerical superiority and cover up their gluttony by preaching moderation. The fourth chapter discusses how late Middle English conduct literature, such as Lydgate’s Dietary, revaluates moderation as a social skill. The fifth chapter explores the issue of women’s capacity to control their appetite and achieve moderation in conduct books written for women. Collectively, the study illuminates how the idea of moderation adopted and challenged traditional models of self-discipline regarding eating and drinking in order to improve the laity’s discretion and capacity to assess its own appetite and develop a healthy lifestyle for the community.Dissertation/ThesisDoctoral Dissertation English 201

Differences in Running Mechanics Between Overweight/Obese and Healthy Weight Children

Background/Purpose: Physical activity is commonly prescribed to reduce childhood obesity. However, due to differences in mechanics during low-impact activities, such as walking, obese children may be more prone to negative physical complications during high-impact activities, such as running. Therefore, this study analyzed the mechanical differences in running mechanics between healthy weight (HW) and overweight/obese (OV/OB) children. We hypothesized that when compared to HW children, OV/OB children would display higher vertical loading, greater joint moments and greater joint angular impulses during running. We also expect decreased sagittal plane range of motion and increased frontal plane range of motion of the hip, knee, and ankle joints in the OV/OB group during running. Methods: Ground reaction force (GRF) and joint kinematic data were collected for 42 children (25 HW, 17 OV/OB) while they ran across an implanted GRF platform at a given speed of 3.5 ± 5% m/s. Spatial-temporal and joint kinetic data (ankle, knee, & hip) were also determined. A one-way ANOVA was used to compare group differences for all variables of interest (

Disturbing Translations: Distance, Memory, and Representation in Contemporary Latin American Literature.

“Disturbing Translations: Distance, Memory, and Representation in Contemporary Latin American Literature” examines the legacy of dictatorship and political repression in Latin America, focusing on the significance of literature in the aftermath of trauma. Dictatorship disrupts the existing order and produces distance, particularly spatial distance (often resulting from displacement) and temporal distance (between the “before” and “after” of dictatorship and its legacy in the present). These distances are formally represented in literature via instances of textual disruption, such as ekphrasis, that echo and reconfigure the ruptures of dictatorship. This dissertation introduces the figure of translation as a broad metaphor for negotiating those distances that emerge in the wake of dictatorship, with particular attention to generational distance from trauma and the complexities of postmemory. Taking Marianne Hirsch’s concept of “postmemory” as a point of departure for examining the relationship between past trauma and its legacy in the present, this dissertation seeks to re-think postmemory through the lens of translation. While some elements of past trauma may be translated across space, time, and form, pain and loss are among those elements that resist translation; here, translation acknowledges its own limits, recognizing pain and loss without assimilating them. Chapter one explores the relationship between father and son and the references to photographs and film in Roberto Brodsky’s 2007 Bosque quemado. Here, engagement with visual materials is a form of translation, echoing the work of postmemory and the negotiations involved in constructing personal and national narratives in post-dictatorship Chile. Chapter two addresses Sergio Chejfec’s 1999 Los planetas, arguing that the novel depicts the city (here, Buenos Aires, Argentina) as a site of translation and memory where the past and present are contained in layers through which the continued impact of trauma on the present is negotiated. Chapter three considers the limits of translation in Maria Negroni’s La Anunciacion (2007), using Derrida’s notion of the parergon, or the frame, to explore the novel’s gestures toward trauma and excess. Chapter four explores Daniel Alarcon’s At Night We Walk in Circles (2013), focusing on the novel’s treatment of theater to elucidate the relationship between postmemory, translation, and mourning.PhDComparative LiteratureUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/113570/1/hlevinso_1.pd

Bioenergetics: Experimental Demonstration of Excess Protons and Related Features

Over the last 50 years, ever since the Nobel-prize work of Peter Mitchell’s Chemiosmotic theory, the question whether bioenergetics energy transduction occurs through localized or delocalized protons has been a controversial issue among scientists. Recently, a proton-electrostatics localization hypothesis was formulated which may provide a new and clear understanding of localized and delocalized proton-coupling energy transduction in many biological systems. The aim of this dissertation was to test this new hypothesis. To demonstrate the fundamental behavior of localized protons in a pure water-membrane-water system in relation to the newly derived pmf equation, excess protons and excess hydroxyl anions were generated and their distributions were tested using a proton-sensing aluminum membrane. The proton-sensing film placed at the membrane-water interface displayed dramatic localized proton activity while that placed into the bulk water phase showed no excess proton activity during the entire experiment. These observations clearly match with the prediction from the proton-electrostatics localization hypothesis that excess protons do not stay in water bulk phase; they localize at the water-membrane interface in a manner similar to the behavior of excess electrons in a conductor. In addition, the effect of cations (Na+ and K+) on localized excess protons at the water-membrane interface was tested by measuring the exchange equilibrium constant of Na+ and K+ in exchanging with the electrostatically localized protons at a series of cations concentrations. The equilibrium constant for sodium (Na+) cations to exchange with the electrostatically localized protons was determined to be (5.07 ± 0.46) x 10-8 while the equilibrium constant for potassium (K+) cations to exchange with localized protons was determined to be (6.93 ± 0.91) x 10-8. These results mean that the localized protons at the water-membrane interface are so stable that it requires a ten millions more sodium (or potassium) cations than protons in the bulk liquid phase to even partially delocalize them at the water-membrane interface. This provides a logical experimental support of the proton electrostatic localization hypothesis. One of the basic assumptions of proton-electrostatics localization hypothesis is that it treats liquid water as a proton conductor and that the proton conduction along the water-membrane interface might be a favored pathway for the proton energy coupling bioenergetics across biological membranes. In this study, experimental evidences discussing water acting as a proton conductor were discussed and the conductivity of water with respect to excess protons was estimated. Overall, these findings have significance not only in the science of bioenergetics but also in the fundamental understanding for the importance of water to life in serving as a proton conductor for energy transduction in living organisms

Ephpheta, February 1969

A newsletter published for Deaf Catholics in New York, N

A Contribution to the Statistical Analysis of Climate-Wildfire Interaction in Northern California

Wildfires are extreme weather events that exist at the interface of atmospheric, ecological, and human processes. Ongoing anthropogenic climate change is expected to impact the distribution, frequency, and behavior of wildfires on a grand scale, however the exact nature of this change remains shrouded in a great deal of uncertainty. This study takes a statistical approach to the question over the fire-prone Northern California region of the western United states. Climate model projections are analyzed to investigate changes in a major driver of fire weather in the region. The relationship between wildfire severity and climate factors is then explored separately, utilizing a historical data set of California wildfires and climate reanalysis data to analyze the impact of environmental factors on the burned area associated with historical wildfires