PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF SINGLE-PATH AND MULTIPATH MANETS ROUTING PROTOCOLS FOR DENSE AND SPARSE TOPOLOGY

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a multi-hop wireless network in which fixed infrastructure is not used. A single-path routing protocol is mainly proposed as a single route from source node to destination node, while a multipath routing protocol uses multiple routes from the source to the destination node. This paper evaluates the performance of single-path routing protocols which are Cluster Based Routing Protocol (CBRP) and Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) along with a multipath routing protocol which is Ad hoc On-demand Multipath Distance Vector routing (AOMDV) in MANET environments with varying node densities (Dense and Sparse). Network Simulator (NS2) was used to evaluate the performance of these routing protocols. Our experimental simulation results show that: AOMDV protocol is better than AODV and CBRP in terms of Delay for both Dense and Sparse topologies with variant traffic sources, whereas AODV is better than CBRP and AOMDV in terms of Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) with all traffic sources in Sparse topology

SNR Based DSDV Routing Protocol for MANET

A wireless mobile ad-hoc (MANET) network is a dynamic formation of wireless nodes to perform a temporary network without center administration node. The wireless node which is also known as mobile platform are free to move randomly within its network coverage. The MANET is an autonomous system which operates in isolation (local area network only) or may have gateways to an interface with a fixed network. One of the main parts of MANET is its routing protocol in network layer. The protocol has to decide which path that needs to be taken by packets to ensure the packet transfer from sender to receiver. The algorithms that calculate these paths are referred as routing algorithms (Kurose, 2009) Due to unpredictable behavior of the wireless medium in MANETs environment, the standard routing protocol based on hop count suffers due to the noise that collected at receiving nodes (Douglas, 2003). In this project the Signal-to-Noise (SNR) based routing protocol has been adapted into the standard Destination Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV) routing algorithm by developing an algorithm to calculate the cumulative average SNR from source to destination and apply the algorithm in the DSDV routing protocol. The expected result is SNR based DSDV routing protocol and the outcome would be comparisons of performance metrics between standard DSDV for the throughput, end-to-end delay and packet delivery ratio versus transmission rate and node numbers

Analisis Kinerja Model Propagasi Nakagami pada Ad hoc On Demand Multipath Distance Vector (AOMDV) Routing pada MANET

MANET merupakan jaringan wireless yang terdiri dari kumpulan node yang bergerak yang memungkinkan untuk melakukan komunikasi secara langsung. Hal ini memungkinkan terjadinya komunikasi jaringan tanpa bergantung pada ketersediaan infrastruktur jaringan yang tetap. Ad hoc On Demand Multipath Distance Vector atau disingkat AOMDV adalah salah satu routing protokol reaktif pengembangan dari routing protokol unipath AODV. AOMDV mempunyai karakteristik yang mirip dengan AODV, AOMDV berbasis vektor dan menggunakan pendekatan hop by hop. Perbedaannya pada AOMDV bisa ditemukan beberapa path dalam satu pencarian rute. Implementasi pada lingkungan MANET dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan simulasi. Simulasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan aplikasi Network Simulator 2 (NS-2). Pada penelitian ini menghasilkan kinerja dari model propagasi Nakagami pada protokol routing AOMDV di lingkungan MANET berdasarkan parameter kecepatan maksimum dengan nilai Packet Delivery Ratio(PDR) terbaik sebesar 87,463% , Routing Overhead(RO) terbaik sebesar 5044,4 paket, dan End-to-End Delay terbaik sebesar 0,0149 detik. ================================================================================================ MANET is a Wireless Network base on walking nodes for direct communication. With this technology we can have a communication without a big infrastructure. Ad hoc On Demand Multipath Distance Vector or AOMDV is a routing protocol development of AODV. AOMDV has similar characteristics to AODV. AOMDV is vector based and using hop by hop approach. The difference between AOMDV and AODV lies in the number of routes found in each route search. In AOMDV several paths can be found in one route search. Implementation on MANET was base on simulation. Simulation will be using Network Simulator 2 with Nakagami propagation model on AOMDV Protocol and we got the best Packet Delivery Ratio(PDR) is 87,463%, best Routing Overhead(RO) is 5044,4 packet, and best End to End Delay is 0,0149 second

An Overview of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks for the Existing Protocols and Applications

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of two or more devices or nodes or terminals with wireless communications and networking capability that communicate with each other without the aid of any centralized administrator also the wireless nodes that can dynamically form a network to exchange information without using any existing fixed network infrastructure. And it's an autonomous system in which mobile hosts connected by wireless links are free to be dynamically and some time act as routers at the same time, and we discuss in this paper the distinct characteristics of traditional wired networks, including network configuration may change at any time, there is no direction or limit the movement and so on, and thus needed a new optional path Agreement (Routing Protocol) to identify nodes for these actions communicate with each other path, An ideal choice way the agreement should not only be able to find the right path, and the Ad Hoc Network must be able to adapt to changing network of this type at any time. and we talk in details in this paper all the information of Mobile Ad Hoc Network which include the History of ad hoc, wireless ad hoc, wireless mobile approaches and types of mobile ad Hoc networks, and then we present more than 13 types of the routing Ad Hoc Networks protocols have been proposed. In this paper, the more representative of routing protocols, analysis of individual characteristics and advantages and disadvantages to collate and compare, and present the all applications or the Possible Service of Ad Hoc Networks.Comment: 24 Pages, JGraph-Hoc Journa

Design & Evaluation of Path-based Reputation System for MANET Routing

Most of the existing reputation systems in mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) consider only node reputations when selecting routes. Reputation and trust are therefore generally ensured within a one-hop distance when routing decisions are made, which often fail to provide the most reliable, trusted route. In this report, we first summarize the background studies on the security of MANET. Then, we propose a system that is based on path reputation, which is computed from reputation and trust values of each and every node in the route. The use of path reputation greatly enhances the reliability of resulting routes. The detailed system architecture and components design of the proposed mechanism are carefully described on top of the AODV (Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector) routing protocol. We also evaluate the performance of the proposed system by simulating it on top of AODV. Simulation experiments show that the proposed scheme greatly improves network throughput in the midst of misbehavior nodes while requires very limited message overhead. To our knowledge, this is the first path-based reputation system proposal that may be implemented on top of a non-source based routing scheme such as AODV

Experimentation with MANETs of Smartphones

Mobile AdHoc NETworks (MANETs) have been identified as a key emerging technology for scenarios in which IEEE 802.11 or cellular communications are either infeasible, inefficient, or cost-ineffective. Smartphones are the most adequate network nodes in many of these scenarios, but it is not straightforward to build a network with them. We extensively survey existing possibilities to build applications on top of ad-hoc smartphone networks for experimentation purposes, and introduce a taxonomy to classify them. We present AdHocDroid, an Android package that creates an IP-level MANET of (rooted) Android smartphones, and make it publicly available to the community. AdHocDroid supports standard TCP/IP applications, providing real smartphone IEEE 802.11 MANET and the capability to easily change the routing protocol. We tested our framework on several smartphones and a laptop. We validate the MANET running off-the-shelf applications, and reporting on experimental performance evaluation, including network metrics and battery discharge rate.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures, 1 tabl