Gender convergence in human survival and the postponement of death

It has been a long accepted demographic maxim that females outlive males. Using data for England and Wales, we show that life expectancy at age 30 is converging and continuation of this long-term trend suggests it could reach parity in 2030. Key among the reasons identified for the narrowing of the gap are differences in smoking prevalence between males and females which have narrowed considerably. Using data from 30 comparator countries gender differences in smoking prevalence are found to explain over 75% of the variance in the life expectancy gap, but other factors such as female emancipation and better health care are also considered. The paper presents a model which considers differences in male and female longevity in greater detail using novel methods for analysing life tables. It considers the ages from which death is being postponed to the ages at which people now die; the relative speed at which these changes are taking place between genders; how the changes observed are affecting survival prospects at different ages up to 2030. It finds that as life expectancy continues to rise there is evidence for convergence in the oldest ages to which either gender will live

Stirring N-body systems: Universality of end states

We study the evolution of the phase-space of collisionless N-body systems under repeated stirrings or perturbations. We find convergence towards a limited solution group, in accordance with Hansen 2010, that is independent of the initial system and environmental conditions, paying particular attention to the assumed gravitational paradigm (Newtonian and MOND). We examine the effects of changes to the perturbation scheme and in doing so identify a large group of perturbations featuring radial orbit instability (ROI) which always lead to convergence. The attractor is thus found to be a robust and reproducible effect under a variety of circumstances

Non-constructive interval simulation of dynamic systems

Publisher PD

In the chaos of today's society: The dynamics of collapse as another shift in the quantum anthropology of Heidi Ann Russell

The presented study introduces a new theoretical model of collapse for social, cultural, or political systems. Based on the current form of quantum anthropology conceptualized by Heidi Ann Russell, further development of this field is provided. The new theoretical model is called the spiral model of collapses, and is suggested to provide an analytical framework for collapses in social, cultural, and political systems. The main conclusions of this study are: 1) The individual crises in the period before a collapse of social, cultural, and political systems form the trajectory of a conical helix similar to a vortex. 2) The occurrences of crises in the period before a collapse have the shape of the trajectory on the surface of the circular cone with a convex wall narrowing up to its peak. The shape of this cone is based on the Fibonacci sequence coiled into the three-dimensional space. 3) The constant circular movement along the trajectory of crises can occur in exceptional situations in the development of social, cultural, and political systems; however, such a state is always temporary. In such cases, the trajectory of the crisis does not follow the Fibonacci sequence, but the shape of a regular helix. Remaining on the trajectory of a regular helix in the long-term is highly improbable for social, cultural, and political systems. 4) The creation of new potentialities after the final collapse of a system is explained by the conception of topological inversion, when the heretofore embodied part of the energy-information field returns to the global, wave-particle energy-information potential. 5) The global, wave-particle energy-information potential is a source of energy-information for future embodiments in the sense of the future collapses of wave functions

Nominal Narrowing

Nominal unification is a generalisation of first-order unification that takes alpha-equivalence into account. In this paper, we study nominal unification in the context of equational theories. We introduce nominal narrowing and design a general nominal E-unification procedure, which is sound and complete for a wide class of equational theories. We give examples of application

Adaptive Mesh Refinement for Characteristic Codes

The use of adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) techniques is crucial for accurate and efficient simulation of higher dimensional spacetimes. In this work we develop an adaptive algorithm tailored to the integration of finite difference discretizations of wave-like equations using characteristic coordinates. We demonstrate the algorithm by constructing a code implementing the Einstein-Klein-Gordon system of equations in spherical symmetry. We discuss how the algorithm can trivially be generalized to higher dimensional systems, and suggest a method that can be used to parallelize a characteristic code.Comment: 36 pages, 17 figures; updated to coincide with journal versio

Magnetic transition and polaron crossover in a two-site single polaron model including double exchange interaction

A two-site double exchange model with a single polaron is studied using a perturbation expansion based on the modified Lang-Firsov transformation. The antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic transition and the crossover from small to large polaron are investigated for different values of the antiferromagnetic interaction ($J$) between the core spins and the hopping ($t$) of the itinerant electron. Effect of the external magnetic field on the small to large polaron crossover and on the polaronic kinetic energy are studied. When the magnetic transition and the small to large polaron crossover coincide for some suitable range of $J/t$, the magnetic field has very pronounced effect on the transport.Comment: REVTEX and ps files, accepted in the European Physical Jour.