16,195 research outputs found
Predicting Suicidal Behavior: Are We Really that Far Along? Comment on âDiscovery and Validation of Blood Biomarkers for Suicidalityâ
A recent publication focused on biomarkers of future suicidal behaviors identifies several genes expressed in high-risk states among four samples. We discuss the implications of this study as well as the current state of research regarding biomarkers of suicidal behavior
User's Privacy in Recommendation Systems Applying Online Social Network Data, A Survey and Taxonomy
Recommender systems have become an integral part of many social networks and
extract knowledge from a user's personal and sensitive data both explicitly,
with the user's knowledge, and implicitly. This trend has created major privacy
concerns as users are mostly unaware of what data and how much data is being
used and how securely it is used. In this context, several works have been done
to address privacy concerns for usage in online social network data and by
recommender systems. This paper surveys the main privacy concerns, measurements
and privacy-preserving techniques used in large-scale online social networks
and recommender systems. It is based on historical works on security,
privacy-preserving, statistical modeling, and datasets to provide an overview
of the technical difficulties and problems associated with privacy preserving
in online social networks.Comment: 26 pages, IET book chapter on big data recommender system
State of the Art in Privacy Preserving Data Mining
Privacy is one of the most important properties an information system must satisfy. A relatively new trend shows that classical
access control techniques are not sufficient to guarantee privacy when Data Mining techniques are used. Such a trend, especially in the context of public databases, or in the context of sensible information related to critical infrastructures, represents, nowadays a not negligible thread. Privacy Preserving Data Mining (PPDM) algorithms have been recently introduced with the aim of modifying the database in such a way to prevent the discovery of sensible information. This is a very complex task and there exist in the scientific literature some different approaches to the problem. In this work we present a "Survey" of the current PPDM methodologies which seem promising for the future.JRC.G.6-Sensors, radar technologies and cybersecurit
New insights into control of arbovirus replication and spread by insect RNA interference pathways
Arthropod-borne (arbo) viruses are transmitted by vectors, such as mosquitoes, to susceptible vertebrates. Recent research has shown that arbovirus replication and spread in mosquitoes is not passively tolerated but induces host responses to control these pathogens. Small RNA-mediated host responses are key players among these antiviral immune strategies. Studies into one such small RNA-mediated antiviral response, the exogenous RNA interference (RNAi) pathway, have generated a wealth of information on the functions of this mechanism and the enzymes which mediate antiviral activities. However, other small RNA-mediated host responses may also be involved in modulating antiviral activity. The aim of this review is to summarize recent research into the nature of small RNA-mediated antiviral responses in mosquitoes and to discuss future directions for this relatively new area of research
Rwandaâs ordinary killers: interpreting popular participation in the Rwandan genocide
This paper examines the question of why so many ordinary Hutu participated in genocidal killing of Tutsi in Rwanda in 1994. I find that mass mobilisation was contingent on the fulfilment of two main conditions. Firstly it required a mindset â the internalisation of a set of historical and ideological beliefs â within the Hutu population. These were predominantly beliefs in a historical Hutu oppression at the hands of Tutsi and in an ideological definition of the ongoing civil war as an ethnic one, a Tutsi attempt to reinstate this historical order. Secondly, it required the commitment of State institutions to the genocidal project. This commitment provided the initial trigger, legitimacy and impunity for civilian participation in an anti-Tutsi programme. However, once triggered the degeneration into genocidal violence was the product of a complex interaction of other motives ranging from coercion, opportunism, habituation, conformity, racism, and ideological indoctrination
Plasmodial Hsp40s: New avenues for antimalarial drug discovery
Malaria, an infectious disease caused by Plasmodium spp, is one of the world\u27s most dangerous diseases, accounting for more than half a million deaths yearly. The long years of co-habitation between the parasite and its hosts (human and mosquito), is a testimony to the parasiteâs ability to escape the immune system and develop drug resistance mechanisms. Currently, an important search area for improved pharmacotherapy are molecular chaperones of the heat shock protein family, abundant in Plasmodium falciparum and contributing to its continuous survival and development. Thus far, small molecule inhibitor studies on P. falciparum Hsp70s and Hsp90s have indicated that they are promising antimalarial targets. However, not much attention has been given to Hsp40s as potential antimalarial drug targets. Hsp40s are known to function as chaperones by preventing protein aggregation, and as co-chaperones, by regulating the chaperone activities of Hsp70s to ensure proper protein folding. There are only a limited number of reviews on Hsp40s as drug targets, and the few reviews on plasmodial Hsp40s tend to focus largely on the intra-erythrocytic stage of the parasite life cycle. Therefore, this review will summarize what is known about Hsp40s throughout the malaria parasite life cycle, and critically evaluate their potential to serve as new avenues for antimalarial drug discovery
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