976 research outputs found

    Dental training system using haptic technology

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    In the U.K., dental students require to perform training and practice on real human tissues at the very early stage of their courses. Currently, the human tissues, such as decayed teeth, are mounted in a human head like physical model. The problems with these models in teaching are; (1) every student operates on tooth, which are always unique; (2) the process cannot be recorded for examination purposes and (3) same training are not repeatable. The aim of the PHATOM Project is to develop a dental training system using Haptic technology. This paper documents the project background, specification, research and development of the first prototype system. It also discusses the research in the visual display, haptic devices and haptic rendering. This includes stereo vision, motion parallax, volumetric modelling, surface remapping algorithms as well as analysis design of the system. A new volumetric to surface model transformation algorithm is also introduced. This paper includes the future work on the system development and research

    Six Degree-of Freedom Haptic Rendering for Dental Implantology Simulation

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    International audienceDental implantology procedures are among the most com- plex surgical procedures executed by dentists. During the critical part of the procedure, the jawbone is drilled at the location of the missing tooth (or the missing group of teeth). This asks for specic skills from the dentists, who need to be well trained. In this paper we present a virtual reality based training system for im- plantology and we mainly focus on the simulation of drilling. We have two main contributions: The rst one is a method for precise haptic rendering of contacts between the drilling tool and the jawbone model issued from a CT-scan. The second one is the real-time simulation of the jawbone erosion during drilling which is compatible with the haptic rendering of contacts

    A smoothed particle hydrodynamics algorithm for haptic rendering of dental filling materials

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    Using haptic interfaces to assist the training of skills within the curriculum of undergraduate dentists provides a unique opportunity to advance rendering algorithms and engineering of haptic devices. In this paper we use the dental context to explore a rendering technique called smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) as a potential method to train students on appropriate techniques for insertion of filling material into a previously prepared (virtual) dental cavity. The paper also considers how problems of haptic rendering might be implemented on a Graphical Processing Unit (GPU) that operates in the haptics control loop. The filling simulation used 3000 particles to represent the cavity boundary (approx. 1400 particles), tool (approx. 42 particles) and filling material (approx. 1600 particles), running at an average of 447Hz. Novel smoothing function in SPH was developed and its flexibility is presented

    The effect of 3D stereopsis and hand-tool alignment on learning effectiveness and skill transfer of a VR-based simulator for dental training

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    Dental simulators gained prevalence in recent years. Important aspects distinguishing VR hardware configurations are 3D stereoscopic rendering and visual alignment of the user's hands with the virtual tools. New dental simulators are often evaluated without analysing the impact of these simulation aspects. In this paper, we seek to determine the impact of 3D stereoscopic rendering and of hand-tool alignment on the teaching effectiveness and skill assessment accuracy of a VR dental simulator. We developed a bimanual simulator using an HMD and two haptic devices that provides an immersive environment with both 3D stereoscopic rendering and hand-tool alignment. We then independently controlled for each of the two aspects of the simulation. We trained four groups of students in root canal access opening using the simulator and measured the virtual and real learning gains. We quantified the real learning gains by pre- and post-testing using realistic plastic teeth and the virtual learning gains by scoring the training outcomes inside the simulator. We developed a scoring metric to automatically score the training outcomes that strongly correlates with experts' scoring of those outcomes. We found that hand-tool alignment has a positive impact on virtual and real learning gains, and improves the accuracy of skill assessment. We found that stereoscopic 3D had a negative impact on virtual and real learning gains, however it improves the accuracy of skill assessment. This finding is counter-intuitive, and we found eye-tooth distance to be a confounding variable of stereoscopic 3D, as it was significantly lower for the monoscopic 3D condition and negatively correlates with real learning gain. The results of our study provide valuable information for the future design of dental simulators, as well as simulators for other high-precision psycho-motor tasks.Comment: 26 pages, 15 figures, Accepted at online journal PLoS ON

    Research on real-time physics-based deformation for haptic-enabled medical simulation

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    This study developed a multiple effective visuo-haptic surgical engine to handle a variety of surgical manipulations in real-time. Soft tissue models are based on biomechanical experiment and continuum mechanics for greater accuracy. Such models will increase the realism of future training systems and the VR/AR/MR implementations for the operating room
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