Dynamic Active Constraints for Surgical Robots using Vector Field Inequalities

Robotic assistance allows surgeons to perform dexterous and tremor-free procedures, but robotic aid is still underrepresented in procedures with constrained workspaces, such as deep brain neurosurgery and endonasal surgery. In these procedures, surgeons have restricted vision to areas near the surgical tooltips, which increases the risk of unexpected collisions between the shafts of the instruments and their surroundings. In this work, our vector-field-inequalities method is extended to provide dynamic active-constraints to any number of robots and moving objects sharing the same workspace. The method is evaluated with experiments and simulations in which robot tools have to avoid collisions autonomously and in real-time, in a constrained endonasal surgical environment. Simulations show that with our method the combined trajectory error of two robotic systems is optimal. Experiments using a real robotic system show that the method can autonomously prevent collisions between the moving robots themselves and between the robots and the environment. Moreover, the framework is also successfully verified under teleoperation with tool-tissue interactions.Comment: Accepted on T-RO 2019, 19 Page

Robótica en cirugía y neurocirugía, aplicaciones y desafíos, una revisión

The integration of robots in operating rooms aims to improve the performance and efficiency of various procedures, since it offers remarkable advantages over conventional procedures, in particular precision, hand shake filtering and the possibility of executing complex tasks, however, Considerable challenges still prevail affecting massification and maneuverability on the part of surgeons. In the present work a review of the current state of robotic surgery, the challenges and trends is carried out. Specifically, the need for optimal force feedback mechanisms is evidenced, as well as dynamic visualization through augmented reality or virtual reality. It is not yet possible to determine that robotic surgery has reached standards, however, the integration of alternative technologies will allow surgeons to improve not only the efficiency of the robot, but also of its operation by the surgeonLa integración de robots en los quirófanos plantea mejorar el desempeño y eficiencia de variados procedimientos, dado que ofrece ventajas destacables sobre los procedimientos convencionales, en particular la precisión, el filtrado de temblor de mano y la posibilidad de ejecución de tareas complejas, sin embargo, aún prevalecen considerables desafíos que afectan la masificación y la maniobrabilidad por parte de los cirujanos. En el presente trabajo se realiza una revisión del estado actual de la cirugía robótica, los retos y las tendencias. En concreto se evidencia la necesidad de mecanismos de realimentación de fuerza óptimos, así como la visualización dinámica mediante realidad aumentada o realidad virtual. Aun no es posible determinar que la cirugía robótica ha alcanzado estándares, sin embargo, la integración de tecnologías alternas permitirá mejorar no solo la eficiencia en cuanto al robot sino respecto de su operación por parte de los cirujanos

Robótica en cirugía y neurocirugía, aplicaciones y desafíos, una revisión

The integration of robots in operating rooms aims to improve the performance and efficiency of various procedures, since it offers remarkable advantages over conventional procedures, in particular precision, hand shake filtering and the possibility of executing complex tasks, however, Considerable challenges still prevail affecting massification and maneuverability on the part of surgeons. In the present work a review of the current state of robotic surgery, the challenges and trends is carried out. Specifically, the need for optimal force feedback mechanisms is evidenced, as well as dynamic visualization through augmented reality or virtual reality. It is not yet possible to determine that robotic surgery has reached standards, however, the integration of alternative technologies will allow surgeons to improve not only the efficiency of the robot, but also of its operation by the surgeonLa integración de robots en los quirófanos plantea mejorar el desempeño y eficiencia de variados procedimientos, dado que ofrece ventajas destacables sobre los procedimientos convencionales, en particular la precisión, el filtrado de temblor de mano y la posibilidad de ejecución de tareas complejas, sin embargo, aún prevalecen considerables desafíos que afectan la masificación y la maniobrabilidad por parte de los cirujanos. En el presente trabajo se realiza una revisión del estado actual de la cirugía robótica, los retos y las tendencias. En concreto se evidencia la necesidad de mecanismos de realimentación de fuerza óptimos, así como la visualización dinámica mediante realidad aumentada o realidad virtual. Aun no es posible determinar que la cirugía robótica ha alcanzado estándares, sin embargo, la integración de tecnologías alternas permitirá mejorar no solo la eficiencia en cuanto al robot sino respecto de su operación por parte de los cirujanos

Advances in Robot Kinematics : Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Advances in Robot Kinematics

International audienceThe motion of mechanisms, kinematics, is one of the most fundamental aspect of robot design, analysis and control but is also relevant to other scientific domains such as biome- chanics, molecular biology, . . . . The series of books on Advances in Robot Kinematics (ARK) report the latest achievement in this field. ARK has a long history as the first book was published in 1991 and since then new issues have been published every 2 years. Each book is the follow-up of a single-track symposium in which the participants exchange their results and opinions in a meeting that bring together the best of world’s researchers and scientists together with young students. Since 1992 the ARK symposia have come under the patronage of the International Federation for the Promotion of Machine Science-IFToMM.This book is the 13th in the series and is the result of peer-review process intended to select the newest and most original achievements in this field. For the first time the articles of this symposium will be published in a green open-access archive to favor free dissemination of the results. However the book will also be o↵ered as a on-demand printed book.The papers proposed in this book show that robot kinematics is an exciting domain with an immense number of research challenges that go well beyond the field of robotics.The last symposium related with this book was organized by the French National Re- search Institute in Computer Science and Control Theory (INRIA) in Grasse, France