914 research outputs found

    Volumetric Techniques for Product Routing and Loading Optimisation in Industry 4.0: A Review

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    Industry 4.0 has become a crucial part in the majority of processes, components, and related modelling, as well as predictive tools that allow a more efficient, automated and sustainable approach to industry. The availability of large quantities of data, and the advances in IoT, AI, and data-driven frameworks, have led to an enhanced data gathering, assessment, and extraction of actionable information, resulting in a better decision-making process. Product picking and its subsequent packing is an important area, and has drawn increasing attention for the research community. However, depending of the context, some of the related approaches tend to be either highly mathematical, or applied to a specific context. This article aims to provide a survey on the main methods, techniques, and frameworks relevant to product packing and to highlight the main properties and features that should be further investigated to ensure a more efficient and optimised approach

    Human Detection And Tracking For Human-Robot Interaction On The REEM-C Humanoid Robot

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    The interactions between humanoid robots and humans is a growing area of research, as frameworks and models are being continuously developed to improving the ways in which humanoids may integrate into society. These humanoids often require intelligence beyond what they are originally endowed with in order to handle more complex human-robot interaction scenarios. This intelligence can come from the use of additional sensors, including microphones and cameras, which can allow the robot to better perceive its environment. This thesis explores the scenarios of moving conversational partners, and the ways in which the REEM-C Humanoid Robot may interact with them. The additional developed intelligence focuses on external microphones deployed to the robot, with a consideration for computer vision algorithms built using the camera in the REEM-C's head. The first topic of this thesis explores how binaural acoustic intelligence can be used to estimate the direction of arrival of human speech on the REEM-C Humanoid. This includes the development of audio signal processing techniques, their optimization, and their deployment for real-time use on the REEM-C. The second topic highlights the computer vision approaches that can be used for a robotic system that may allow better human-robot interaction. This section describes the relevant algorithms and their development, in a way that is efficient and accurate for real-time robot usage. The third topic explores the natural behaviours of humans in conversation with moving interlocutors. This is measured via a motion capture study and modeled with mathematical formulations, which are then used on the REEM-C Humanoid Robot. The REEM-C uses this tracking model to follow detected human speakers using the intelligence outlined in previous sections. The final topic focuses on how the acoustic intelligence, vision algorithms and tracking model can be used in tandem for human-robot interaction with potentially multiple human subjects. This includes sensor fusion approaches that help correct for limitations in the audio and video algorithms, synchronization and evaluation of behaviour in the form of a short user study. Applications of this framework are discussed, and relevant quantitative and qualitative results are presented. A chapter to introduce the work done to establish a chatbot conversational system is also included. The final thesis work is an amalgamation of the above topics, and presents a complete and robust human-robot interaction framework with the REEM-C based on tracking moving conversational partners with audio and video intelligence

    Food - Media - Senses: Interdisciplinary Approaches

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    Food is more than just nutrition. Its preparation, presentation and consumption is a multifold communicative practice which includes the meal's design and its whole field of experience. How is food represented in cookbooks, product packaging or in paintings? How is dining semantically charged? How is the sensuality of eating treated in different cultural contexts? In order to acknowledge the material and media-related aspects of eating as a cultural praxis, experts from media studies, art history, literary studies, philosophy, experimental psychology, anthropology, food studies, cultural studies and design studies share their specific approaches

    2023- The Twenty-seventh Annual Symposium of Student Scholars

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    The full program book from the Twenty-seventh Annual Symposium of Student Scholars, held on April 18-21, 2023. Includes abstracts from the presentations and posters.https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/sssprograms/1027/thumbnail.jp

    Modular autonomous strawberry-picking robotic system

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    Challenges in strawberry picking made selective harvesting robotic technology very demanding. However, the elective harvesting of strawberries is a complicated robotic task forming a few scientific research questions. Most available solutions only deal with a specific picking scenario, for example, picking only a single variety of fruit in isolation. Nonetheless, most economically viable (e.g., high‐yielding and/or disease‐resistant) varieties of strawberry are grown in dense clusters. The current perception technology in such use cases is inefficient. In this work, we developed a novel system capable of harvesting strawberries with several unique features. These features allow the system to deal with very complex picking scenarios, for example, dense clusters. Our concept of a modular system makes our system reconfigurable to adapt to different picking scenarios. We designed, manufactured, and tested a patented picking head with 2.5‐degrees of freedom (two independent mechanisms and one dependent cutting system) capable of removing possible occlusions and harvesting the targeted strawberry without any contact with the fruit flesh to avoid damage and bruising. In addition, we developed a novel perception system to localize strawberries and detect their key points, picking points, and determine their ripeness. For this purpose, we introduced two new data sets. Finally, we tested the system in a commercial strawberry growing field and our research farm with three different strawberry varieties. The results show the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed system. The designed picking head was able to remove occlusions and harvest strawberries effectively. The perception system was able to detect and determine the ripeness of strawberries with 95% accuracy. In total, the system was able to harvest 87% of all detected strawberries with a success rate of 83% for all pluckable fruits. We also discuss a series of open research questions in the discussion section

    Charakterizace faktorů podílejících se na regulaci intracelulární dynamiky vybraných auxinových přenašečů

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    Souhrn U rostlin je známo že mají schopnost nasměrovat svoje části, jak prýt, tak kořeny, pro zabezpečení maximálního zisku energie a příjmu živin, ale taky pro možnost vyhnout se toxickým podmínkám pro svůj růst. Regulace směru růstu, který zabezpečuje přežití rostliny, závisí na schopnosti rostlinných orgánů růst asymetricky. Asymetrický růst je regulován na buněčné úrovni na základě exogenních i interních signálů. Již v roce 1880 Darwin popsal tropismy a směrový růst na makroskopické úrovni; v současnosti je nevyhnutelné pochopit molekulární mechanismy, které zajišťují efektivní regulaci směrového růstu rostlin. V rámci svého studia jsem se zaměřil na mechanismy regulace směru růstu u rostlin. Kořen je komplexní trojrozměrný objekt, který stále upravuje svůj tvar a směr růstu. Vzhledem k tomu, že kořen potřebuje zvětšovat svůj povrch, aby byl schopen zajistit přísun živin a vody, je důležité pochopit, jak je kořen schopen adaptaci na konstantně se měnící růstové podmínky způsobené prorůstáním dál do půdy zvládnout. Pokud kořen není schopen prorůstat půdou efektivně kvůli silnému mechanickému odporu nebo nedostatku živin, pak je ovlivněn i růst prýtu. Optimální růst kořene je komplexní proces, na kterém se podílí rozmanitá spleť signálních drah, které jsou ovlivněny rostlinnými hormony, cukry, flavonoidy...Plants are known to adjust the orientation of their organs, shoot and root, to ensure maximal energy generation and nutrient uptake, but also to avoid toxic growth conditions. Directional growth regulation depends on asymmetric plant organ growth and it is crucial to ensure plant survival. It is orchestrated on cellular level in concert with exogenous and intrinsic signals. Even though tropistic growth responses of plants were described by Darwin on macroscopic level already in 1880, now it is necessary to understand molecular mechanisms that underpin efficient modulation of directional plant growth. During my studies I focused on factors that modulate directional root growth regulation. The root is a complex, three-dimensional object, which continuously modifies its shape and growth path. Since the root needs to expand its surface to supply the plant with nutrients and water, it is important to understand how roots cope with changing growth conditions while exploring the soil. If the root cannot manage to grow through soil efficiently, mechanical impedance and lack of resources will also restrict shoot growth as well. Manifold signaling pathways coordinate the complex processes that underpin efficient root growth, including those modulated by phytohormones, sugars, flavonoids and other...Katedra experimentální biologie rostlinDepartment of Experimental Plant BiologyPřírodovědecká fakultaFaculty of Scienc

    Managing healthcare transformation towards P5 medicine (Published in Frontiers in Medicine)

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    Health and social care systems around the world are facing radical organizational, methodological and technological paradigm changes to meet the requirements for improving quality and safety of care as well as efficiency and efficacy of care processes. In this they’re trying to manage the challenges of ongoing demographic changes towards aging, multi-diseased societies, development of human resources, a health and social services consumerism, medical and biomedical progress, and exploding costs for health-related R&D as well as health services delivery. Furthermore, they intend to achieve sustainability of global health systems by transforming them towards intelligent, adaptive and proactive systems focusing on health and wellness with optimized quality and safety outcomes. The outcome is a transformed health and wellness ecosystem combining the approaches of translational medicine, 5P medicine (personalized, preventive, predictive, participative precision medicine) and digital health towards ubiquitous personalized health services realized independent of time and location. It considers individual health status, conditions, genetic and genomic dispositions in personal social, occupational, environmental and behavioural context, thus turning health and social care from reactive to proactive. This requires the advancement communication and cooperation among the business actors from different domains (disciplines) with different methodologies, terminologies/ontologies, education, skills and experiences from data level (data sharing) to concept/knowledge level (knowledge sharing). The challenge here is the understanding and the formal as well as consistent representation of the world of sciences and practices, i.e. of multidisciplinary and dynamic systems in variable context, for enabling mapping between the different disciplines, methodologies, perspectives, intentions, languages, etc. Based on a framework for dynamically, use-case-specifically and context aware representing multi-domain ecosystems including their development process, systems, models and artefacts can be consistently represented, harmonized and integrated. The response to that problem is the formal representation of health and social care ecosystems through an system-oriented, architecture-centric, ontology-based and policy-driven model and framework, addressing all domains and development process views contributing to the system and context in question. Accordingly, this Research Topic would like to address this change towards 5P medicine. Specifically, areas of interest include, but are not limited: • A multidisciplinary approach to the transformation of health and social systems • Success factors for sustainable P5 ecosystems • AI and robotics in transformed health ecosystems • Transformed health ecosystems challenges for security, privacy and trust • Modelling digital health systems • Ethical challenges of personalized digital health • Knowledge representation and management of transformed health ecosystems Table of Contents: 04 Editorial: Managing healthcare transformation towards P5 medicine Bernd Blobel and Dipak Kalra 06 Transformation of Health and Social Care Systems—An Interdisciplinary Approach Toward a Foundational Architecture Bernd Blobel, Frank Oemig, Pekka Ruotsalainen and Diego M. Lopez 26 Transformed Health Ecosystems—Challenges for Security, Privacy, and Trust Pekka Ruotsalainen and Bernd Blobel 36 Success Factors for Scaling Up the Adoption of Digital Therapeutics Towards the Realization of P5 Medicine Alexandra Prodan, Lucas Deimel, Johannes Ahlqvist, Strahil Birov, Rainer Thiel, Meeri Toivanen, Zoi Kolitsi and Dipak Kalra 49 EU-Funded Telemedicine Projects – Assessment of, and Lessons Learned From, in the Light of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic Laura Paleari, Virginia Malini, Gabriella Paoli, Stefano Scillieri, Claudia Bighin, Bernd Blobel and Mauro Giacomini 60 A Review of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics in Transformed Health Ecosystems Kerstin Denecke and Claude R. Baudoin 73 Modeling digital health systems to foster interoperability Frank Oemig and Bernd Blobel 89 Challenges and solutions for transforming health ecosystems in low- and middle-income countries through artificial intelligence Diego M. López, Carolina Rico-Olarte, Bernd Blobel and Carol Hullin 111 Linguistic and ontological challenges of multiple domains contributing to transformed health ecosystems Markus Kreuzthaler, Mathias Brochhausen, Cilia Zayas, Bernd Blobel and Stefan Schulz 126 The ethical challenges of personalized digital health Els Maeckelberghe, Kinga Zdunek, Sara Marceglia, Bobbie Farsides and Michael Rigb
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