285,133 research outputs found
Handbook of nature-inspired and innovative computing: integrating classical models with emerging technologies
As computing devices proliferate, demand increases for an understanding of emerging computing paradigms and models based on natural phenomena. This handbook explores the connection between nature-inspired and traditional computational paradigms. It presents computing paradigms and models based on natural phenomena
Analyzing Audio/Visual Data in the Digital Humanities
The Bloomsbury Handbook to the Digital Humanities reconsiders key debates, methods, possibilities, and failings from across the digital humanities, offering a timely interrogation of the present and future of the arts and humanities in the digital age.Comprising 43 essays from some of the field\u27s leading scholars and practitioners, this comprehensive collection examines, among its many subjects, the emergence and ongoing development of DH, postcolonial digital humanities, feminist digital humanities, race and DH, multilingual digital humanities, media studies as DH, the failings of DH, critical digital humanities, the future of text encoding, cultural analytics, natural language processing, open access and digital publishing, digital cultural heritage, archiving and editing, sustainability, DH pedagogy, labour, artificial intelligence, the cultural economy, and the role of the digital humanities in climate change.
From this chapter: We offer an observation, perhaps even provocation: DH is undergoing an A/V turn. The combination of access to data either through digitization or born-digital sources alongside advances in computing from memory to deep learning is resulting in a watershed moment for the analysis of audio and visual data in the field
A Review on the Application of Natural Computing in Environmental Informatics
Natural computing offers new opportunities to understand, model and analyze
the complexity of the physical and human-created environment. This paper
examines the application of natural computing in environmental informatics, by
investigating related work in this research field. Various nature-inspired
techniques are presented, which have been employed to solve different relevant
problems. Advantages and disadvantages of these techniques are discussed,
together with analysis of how natural computing is generally used in
environmental research.Comment: Proc. of EnviroInfo 201
(Tissue) P Systems with Vesicles of Multisets
We consider tissue P systems working on vesicles of multisets with the very
simple operations of insertion, deletion, and substitution of single objects.
With the whole multiset being enclosed in a vesicle, sending it to a target
cell can be indicated in those simple rules working on the multiset. As
derivation modes we consider the sequential mode, where exactly one rule is
applied in a derivation step, and the set maximal mode, where in each
derivation step a non-extendable set of rules is applied. With the set maximal
mode, computational completeness can already be obtained with tissue P systems
having a tree structure, whereas tissue P systems even with an arbitrary
communication structure are not computationally complete when working in the
sequential mode. Adding polarizations (-1, 0, 1 are sufficient) allows for
obtaining computational completeness even for tissue P systems working in the
sequential mode.Comment: In Proceedings AFL 2017, arXiv:1708.0622
Spiking Neural P Systems with Structural Plasticity: Attacking the Subset Sum Problem
Spiking neural P systems with structural plasticity (in short,
SNPSP systems) are models of computations inspired by the function and
structure of biological neurons. In SNPSP systems, neurons can create
or delete synapses using plasticity rules. We report two families of solutions:
a non-uniform and a uniform one, to the NP-complete problem
Subset Sum using SNPSP systems. Instead of the usual rule-level nondeterminism
(choosing which rule to apply) we use synapse-level nondeterminism
(choosing which synapses to create or delete). The nondeterminism
due to plasticity rules have the following improvements from a
previous solution: in our non-uniform solution, plasticity rules allowed
for a normal form to be used (i.e. without forgetting rules or rules with
delays, system is simple, only synapse-level nondeterminism); in our uniform
solution the number of neurons and the computation steps are
reduced.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad TIN2012-3743
Affective Medicine: a review of Affective Computing efforts in Medical Informatics
Background: Affective computing (AC) is concerned with emotional interactions performed with and through computers. It is defined as “computing that relates to, arises from, or deliberately influences emotions”. AC enables investigation and understanding of the relation between human emotions and health as well as application of assistive and useful technologies in the medical domain. Objectives: 1) To review the general state of the art in AC and its applications in medicine, and 2) to establish synergies between the research communities of AC and medical informatics. Methods: Aspects related to the human affective state as a determinant of the human health are discussed, coupled with an illustration of significant AC research and related literature output. Moreover, affective communication channels are described and their range of application fields is explored through illustrative examples. Results: The presented conferences, European research projects and research publications illustrate the recent increase of interest in the AC area by the medical community. Tele-home healthcare, AmI, ubiquitous monitoring, e-learning and virtual communities with emotionally expressive characters for elderly or impaired people are few areas where the potential of AC has been realized and applications have emerged. Conclusions: A number of gaps can potentially be overcome through the synergy of AC and medical informatics. The application of AC technologies parallels the advancement of the existing state of the art and the introduction of new methods. The amount of work and projects reviewed in this paper witness an ambitious and optimistic synergetic future of the affective medicine field
(Tissue) P Systems with Vesicles of Multisets
We consider tissue P systems working on vesicles of multisets with the very
simple operations of insertion, deletion, and substitution of single objects.
With the whole multiset being enclosed in a vesicle, sending it to a target
cell can be indicated in those simple rules working on the multiset. As
derivation modes we consider the sequential mode, where exactly one rule is
applied in a derivation step, and the set maximal mode, where in each
derivation step a non-extendable set of rules is applied. With the set maximal
mode, computational completeness can already be obtained with tissue P systems
having a tree structure, whereas tissue P systems even with an arbitrary
communication structure are not computationally complete when working in the
sequential mode. Adding polarizations (-1, 0, 1 are sufficient) allows for
obtaining computational completeness even for tissue P systems working in the
sequential mode.Comment: In Proceedings AFL 2017, arXiv:1708.0622
Transdisciplinarity seen through Information, Communication, Computation, (Inter-)Action and Cognition
Similar to oil that acted as a basic raw material and key driving force of
industrial society, information acts as a raw material and principal mover of
knowledge society in the knowledge production, propagation and application. New
developments in information processing and information communication
technologies allow increasingly complex and accurate descriptions,
representations and models, which are often multi-parameter, multi-perspective,
multi-level and multidimensional. This leads to the necessity of collaborative
work between different domains with corresponding specialist competences,
sciences and research traditions. We present several major transdisciplinary
unification projects for information and knowledge, which proceed on the
descriptive, logical and the level of generative mechanisms. Parallel process
of boundary crossing and transdisciplinary activity is going on in the applied
domains. Technological artifacts are becoming increasingly complex and their
design is strongly user-centered, which brings in not only the function and
various technological qualities but also other aspects including esthetic, user
experience, ethics and sustainability with social and environmental dimensions.
When integrating knowledge from a variety of fields, with contributions from
different groups of stakeholders, numerous challenges are met in establishing
common view and common course of action. In this context, information is our
environment, and informational ecology determines both epistemology and spaces
for action. We present some insights into the current state of the art of
transdisciplinary theory and practice of information studies and informatics.
We depict different facets of transdisciplinarity as we see it from our
different research fields that include information studies, computability,
human-computer interaction, multi-operating-systems environments and
philosophy.Comment: Chapter in a forthcoming book: Information Studies and the Quest for
Transdisciplinarity - Forthcoming book in World Scientific. Mark Burgin and
Wolfgang Hofkirchner, Editor
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