394 research outputs found
Aerospace medicine and biology: A continuing bibliography with indexes (supplement 370)
This bibliography lists 219 reports, articles and other documents introduced into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information System during Dec. 1992. Subject coverage includes: aerospace medicine and physiology, life support systems and man/system technology, protective clothing, exobiology and extraterrestrial life, planetary biology, and flight crew behavior and performance
Aerospace medicine and biology: A continuing bibliography with indexes (supplement 324)
This bibliography lists 200 reports, articles and other documents introduced into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information System during May, 1989. Subject coverage includes: aerospace medicine and psychology, life support systems and controlled environments, safety equipment, exobiology and extraterrestrial life, and flight crew behavior and performance
BAPNE method and Neurorehabilitation in patients with severe acquired brain injury
The use of body percussion through BAPNE method in neurorehabilitation offers the possibility of studying the development of motor skills, attention, coordination, memory and social interaction of patients with neurological diseases. The experimental protocol was carried out on 52 patients with severe acquired brain injury. Patients were selected for the cut-off scores in the standard neuropsychological tests of sustained attention, divided and alert ; at least one emisoma intact, cut-off scores in the standard for procedural and semantic memory ; eyesight, hearing and speech intact. The first group of patients has supported the protocol BAPNE thogher with the traditional rehabilitation activities. The control group continued to perform exclusively the cognitive and neuromotor rehabilitation according to traditional protocols. At 6 months after administration of the protocol is expected to re-test to assess if present, the maintenance of the effects of rehabilitation obtained. Experimentation is carried out for 10 weeks following the protocol of BAPNE method in the Roboris Foundation of Rome: The research is led by three neurologists from the center of neurorehabilitation
Aerospace medicine and biology: A continuing bibliography with indexes (supplement 292)
This bibliography lists 192 reports, articles and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in December, 1986
Brain Functional Connectivity under Teleoperation Latency: a fNIRS Study
Objective: This study aims to understand the cognitive impact of latency in
teleoperation and the related mitigation methods, using functional
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) to analyze functional connectivity.
Background: Latency between command, execution, and feedback in teleoperation
can impair performance and affect operators mental state. The neural
underpinnings of these effects are not well understood. Method: A human subject
experiment (n = 41) of a simulated remote robot manipulation task was
performed. Three conditions were tested: no latency, with visual and haptic
latency, with visual latency and no haptic latency. fNIRS and performance data
were recorded and analyzed. Results: The presence of latency in teleoperation
significantly increased functional connectivity within and between prefrontal
and motor cortexes. Maintaining visual latency while providing real-time haptic
feedback reduced the average functional connectivity in all cortical networks
and showed a significantly different connectivity ratio within prefrontal and
motor cortical networks. The performance results showed the worst performance
in the all-delayed condition and best performance in no latency condition,
which echoes the neural activity patterns. Conclusion: The study provides
neurological evidence that latency in teleoperation increases cognitive load,
anxiety, and challenges in motion planning and control. Real-time haptic
feedback, however, positively influences neural pathways related to cognition,
decision-making, and sensorimotor processes. Application: This research can
inform the design of ergonomic teleoperation systems that mitigate the effects
of latency.Comment: Submitted to Human Factor
Art and Technology: coherence, connectedness, and the integrative field
Merged with duplicate record 10026.1/690 on 03.04.2017 by CS (TIS)This thesis is a theoretical and practical intervention in the field of art and technology. It
proceeds from the re-examination of four specific domains that in the past 40 years have
considerably informed the invention of new aesthetic forms. They are: art, science, nature
and technology. We have identified that each one of these domains and the way they inform
one another reflects the influence of a Western analytical tradition based on fragmentation,
dichotomies and dualities. In consequence of this, art of the last decades has suffered from
a sort of mechanistic thought which results from a predominantly weary aesthetic model,
founded in dualities such as: object/process, form/behaviour, meaning/information.
The main question that the present study addresses is how to overcome this
predominantly reductionist inheritance and to develop an aesthetic model able to
interconnect in an integrative fashion those disparate domains, respective discourses and
practices? The answer to this question, developed throughout this thesis, is an aesthetic
principle built upon the notions of resonance, coherence and field models, rooted in an
integrative view of living organisms based on the theory of biophotons. This constitutes the
main contribution of the thesis to new knowledge.
The theoretical approach of this thesis is developed upon the revision of the concept
of form, supported by a Gestalt analysis as provided by Rudolf Arnheim, and has involved
the consideration of the ideas of Gilbert Simondon (the concept of "concretisation") and
Vilem Flusser (the concept of "apparatus"), in order to gain a deeper insight into the nature
of technology.
In conclusion, the practice-based methodology of this thesis has been to develop
artworks based on the confluence of living organisms (plants) and artificial systems in
order to permit empirical observation and reflection on the proposed theory. The major
outcome of the practice is the artwork "Breathing", a hybrid creature made of a living
organism (a plant) and an artificial system. The creature responds to its environment
through movement, light and the noise of its mechanical parts and interacts with the
observer through his/her act of breathing. This work is the result of an investigation into
plants as sensitive agents for the creation of art. The intention was to explore new forms of
artistic experience through the dialogue of natural and artificial processes
Effectiveness of intensive physiotherapy for gait improvement in stroke: systematic review
Introduction: Stroke is one of the leading causes of functional disability worldwide. Approximately 80% of post-stroke subjects have motor changes. Improvement of gait pattern is one of the main objectives of physiotherapists intervention in these cases. The real challenge in the recovery of gait after stroke is to understand how the remaining neural networks can be modified, to be able to provide response strategies that compensate for the function of the affected structures. There is evidence that intensive training, including physiotherapy, positively influences neuroplasticity, improving mobility, pattern and gait velocity in post-stroke recovery. Objectives: Review and analyze in a systematic way the experimental studies (RCT) that evaluate the effects of Intensive Physiotherapy on gait improvement in poststroke subjects. Methodology: Were only included all RCT performed in humans, without any specific age, that had a clinical diagnosis of stroke at any stage of evolution, with sensorimotor deficits and functional gait changes. The databases used were: Pubmed, PEDro (Physiotherapy Evidence Database) and CENTRAL (Cochrane Center Register of Controlled Trials). Results: After the application of the criteria, there were 4 final studies that were included in the systematic review. 3 of the studies obtained a score of 8 on the PEDro scale and 1 obtained a score of 4. The fact that there is clinical and methodological heterogeneity in the studies evaluated, supports the realization of the current systematic narrative review, without meta-analysis. Discussion: Although the results obtained in the 4 studies are promising, it is important to note that the significant improvements that have been found, should be carefully considered since pilot studies with small samples, such as these, are not designed to test differences between groups, in terms of the effectiveness of the intervention applied. Conclusion: Intensive Physiotherapy seems to be safe and applicable in post-stroke subjects and there are indications that it is effective in improving gait, namely speed, travelled distance and spatiotemporal parameters. However, there is a need to develop more RCTs with larger samples and that evaluate the longterm resultsN/
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