Mechatronic Concepts of Automated Weather Radars (a survey)

AbstractQuantification of precipitation is currently an important factor for agriculture but also for flood forecasting. In meteorology there is a strong interest in automatic stations and in replacing manually operated precipitation gauges with automated ones. This article mainly deals with measuring precipitation using radar (Radio Detection and Ranging). Standard weather radars can measure precipitation in a large territory, but to measure the local precipitation a vertically pointing radar is more suited. These types of radars use the Doppler effect to measure the speed of falling drops. The article describes some existing radar units, which allow automatic measurement of the present local rainfall. The common principles and methods for measuring precipitation will also be shown

Current research on aviation weather (bibliography)

This bibliography of 326 readily usable references of basic and applied research programs related to the various areas of aviation meteorology was assembled. A literature search was conducted which surveyed the major abstract publications such as the International Aerospace Abstracts, the Meteorological and Geoastrophysical Abstracts, and the Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports. In addition, NASA and DOT computer literature searches were run; and NASA, NOAA, and FAA research project managers were requested to provide writeups on their ongoing research

The Parties Quarrae

During Thomas Jefferson\u27s educational days in Williamsburg, Virginia, he was fortunate to have the association with three learned men, William Small, George Wythe, and Lt. Governor Francis Fauquier. The men met often at the governor\u27s palace during the years 1760-64. Jefferson referred to their association as the parties quarrae. Most historians agree that the time spent with Small, Wythe, and Fauquier had profound influence on the establishment of Jefferson\u27s enlightenment philosophy. Little, however, is known about the details of the regular meetings in the palace. The focus of this creative project is the fictional discovery of Jefferson\u27s lost Autobiography, finished just prior to his death in 1826. The autobiography elaborates about areas of his life that had puzzled historians for decades, e.g., reflections on his mother as well as his early schooling, particularly his days studying with Mr. Small and Mr. Wythe

Student journals : fostering metacognition and agency

vi, 112 leaves ; 29 cm. --Recent studies indicate that best practices for teachers involve multiple intelligences, learning styles, and higher order thinking skills in their short-term and long-term planning. There is also substantive support for journal writing as a means of communicating knowledge and thought processes. This study presents both quantitative and qualitative research that demonstrates how journal writing can enhance a student's understanding of self as a leamer, as well as develop a sense of agency, or empowerment for the learning process. Thirty-one students from a middle-school grade six class participated in a survey that analyzed their understanding of metacognition as learners, their sense of responsibility and ownership for their learning, and the degree to which they felt journal writing reflected knowledge of self and growth. The results from this questionnaire were analyzed and became the themes and specific writing prompts for the journal writing club that was formed afterwards. This club was made up of ten volunteer students who were interested in learning more about the research on multiple intelligences and learning styles, and agreed to meet during the noon hours to discuss and write about themselves as learners in a middle-school environment. The split-page journal entries became an interactive communication between the student and teacher as each piece of writing received written feedback and comments. The student responses, for the purpose of this study were interpreted as qualitative data. A discussion of the study follows regarding the implications for teachers. The final recommendations suggest implementing a similar journal writing program for middle-school students that promotes understanding and development of individual learning styles.Some light handwriting on pages 86-95 (same pages also have some cut-off text on originals)

Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale: A Charismatic Authority and His Ideology

Sikh leader Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale’s militant and masculinist discourses were embraced by Punjabi Sikhs because of his presence as a charismatic authority, a concept first developed by sociologist Max Weber to understand the conditions surrounding and personal qualities of a figure which attracts followers. The rebellion he led in Punjab resulted from his radical exploitation of issues concerning the Sikh community. Religion was wielded as a tool, legitimizing Sikh violence as commanded by the Gurus. Radical interpretations of Sikh scripture and folklore were initially preached to rural, less educated crowds. While his sermons brought out their frustrations with the government, his charisma allowed him to manipulate young men, his largest demographic of supporters, into embracing violence. This study analyzes Bhindranwale from the perspective of the people that supported him. By identifying multiple social factors through which to understand Bhindranwale’s reign, this study exhibits his importance in understanding Sikhism in Modern India

Concept Exploration for a Novel Submarine Concept Using Innovative Computer-Based Research Approaches and Tools

The concept of an Unmanned Underwater Vehicle (UUV) “Mothership” submarine (designated Submersible Ship Host (Nuclear), SSH(N)) has already been explored at UCL using the Design Building Block approach by Pawling and Andrews (2011). This thesis builds upon that study, further investigating the design of a large mother-ship submarine. The incorporation of a novel technology such as UUVs into submarines suggests that the traditional evolutionary approach to concept exploration for new submarine designs is questionable. A novel approach to exploring, within the design solution space, novel SSH(N) concepts has been investigated in this thesis. The significance of incorporating UUVs into submarine design has been explored by conducting an Operational Analysis (OA) of the mix of UUVs required supporting a range of scenarios. This OA gave a coherent justification for a mixed and significant total displacement of UUVs as the main payload for SSH(N)s. A MATLAB computer program, Submarine Preliminary Exploration of Requirements by Blocks (SUPERB), has been produced to generate and assess submarine concept designs. SUPERB also uses a novel generic arrangement approach called, “Compartment X-Listing”, which systematically allocates compartments within the pressure hull and then compares individual concept-level submarine designs to typical existing arrangements. Validation of SUPERB and Compartment X-Listing is presented and discussed using two existing submarine designs and two radical concept design proposals. A novel approach of modifying a nominal Pareto Front representation for complex novel designs called the Notional Pareto Front (NPF) has been used with SUPERB to generate designs and is considered to be an innovation in marine design practice. The NPF approach seeks to bound the solution space and focus concept exploration on a smaller region. This is seen to have the potential to inform an extensive early stage exploration of the design solution space, as a research approach for future concept level investigations, such as for SSH(N)s. Recommendations are made as to how this design approach may be taken forward