Medium Earth Orbit dynamical survey and its use in passive debris removal

The Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) region hosts satellites for navigation, communication, and geodetic/space environmental science, among which are the Global Navigation Satellites Systems (GNSS). Safe and efficient removal of debris from MEO is problematic due to the high cost for maneuvers needed to directly reach the Earth (reentry orbits) and the relatively crowded GNSS neighborhood (graveyard orbits). Recent studies have highlighted the complicated secular dynamics in the MEO region, but also the possibility of exploiting these dynamics, for designing removal strategies. In this paper, we present our numerical exploration of the long-term dynamics in MEO, performed with the purpose of unveiling the set of reentry and graveyard solutions that could be reached with maneuvers of reasonable DV cost. We simulated the dynamics over 120-200 years for an extended grid of millions of fictitious MEO satellites that covered all inclinations from 0 to 90deg, using non-averaged equations of motion and a suitable dynamical model that accounted for the principal geopotential terms, 3rd-body perturbations and solar radiation pressure (SRP). We found a sizeable set of usable solutions with reentry times that exceed ~40years, mainly around three specific inclination values: 46deg, 56deg, and 68deg; a result compatible with our understanding of MEO secular dynamics. For DV <= 300 m/s (i.e., achieved if you start from a typical GNSS orbit and target a disposal orbit with e<0.3), reentry times from GNSS altitudes exceed ~70 years, while low-cost (DV ~= 5-35 m/s) graveyard orbits, stable for at lest 200 years, are found for eccentricities up to e~0.018. This investigation was carried out in the framework of the EC-funded "ReDSHIFT" project.Comment: 39 pages, 23 figure

The Graveyard Experience Examining Graveyard Verse With Theme and Chronology in the Poetry of Sylvia Plath

The purpose of this thesis is to explore graveyard poetry in union with the poetry of Sylvia Plath. Because Sylvia Plath is best known as a confessional poet, it is imperative to also recognize her as a graveyard poet. In recognizing her poetry as a contribution to graveyard poetry, this thesis will highlight varying themes of death both tangible and intangible. This thesis will also examine Sylvia Plath\u27s life chronologically in conjunction with her poetry. Several poems were examined that include poems from her Juvenilia, middle life and late life, for the duration of this thesis and the findings are that of Sylvia Plath being a great contributor to the form of graveyard poetry

The Fairness Doctrine: Time for the Graveyard?

The comments examines the rationale for the fairness doctrine, the obligations arising under it, and the FCC\u27s administration of the doctrine. It further analyzes the judicial construction of the doctrine with emphasis on the doctrine\u27s functional role and Constitutional ramifications. The fairness doctrine is part of a basic broadcast philosophy that mandates viewpoints on any controversial issue of public importance be fairly presented. It is partially codified by the FCC. However, after litigation, it seems clear to the courts that the fairness doctrine and the first amendment cannot share a peaceful coexistence. It may well be that the Court is waiting for a propitious opportunity to declare that the first amendment must prevail. The Federal Communications Commission will soon be required to oversee a potential source of virtually unlimited information making this job nearly impossible

Ground Family Graveyard - Warren County, Kentucky (SC 2203)

Finding aid and full text (click on Additional Files below) for Manuscripts Small Collection 2203. Record book listing burials of Ground and related family members in Ground family graveyard, Three Forks, Warren County, Kentucky. Includes diagram of graveyard and genealogical material about those buried within

A Conditions Assessment and Preservation Guidelines for Second Presbyterian Church’s Graveyard Charleston, South Carolina

Throughout the history of the world the commemoration of the dead has taken many manifestations and forms. Monuments range from burial mounds and tombs to wall memorials and grave slabs. The earliest surviving architectural remains in nearly every culture are the remains of memorials to the dead which can often shed light on the lifestyles of humans from prehistoric times. Beginning in the latter part of the 18th century American graveyards began to exhibit many of the characteristics of modern burial grounds, such as individual burial pits and family grave plots. This practice was no different at Second Presbyterian Church in downtown Charleston, South Carolina. Located at 342 Meeting Street in Charleston, South Carolina, Second Presbyterian Church’s graveyard has been left somewhat unattended, which has led it into an accelerated state of deterioration. The graveyard1 has had some maintenance, however, it has not been satisfactory. This is a situation where a preservation plan would greatly aid the church in caring for its graveyard. This thesis will provide guidelines in the preservation of Second Presbyterian Church’s graveyard. The preservation plan is divided into three parts: The first is a brief history of Second Presbyterian Church and its congregation, the second provides preservation guidelines for appropriate repairs to the graveyard, and the third part is a conditions assessment of the grave markers found within the graveyard. This project is a practical plan for the members of Second Presbyterian Church. However, it should be noted that in all preservation situations professionals should be consulted before proceeding with work. This effort to help preserve Second Presbyterian Church’s graveyard includes photographing all extant markers, in addition to the creation of a plan of the graveyard that is linked alpha-numerically with a list of those individuals buried there. Preservation guidelines were also created for the graveyard in order to provide those individuals in charge of preservation efforts with a starting point. In addition, each grave marker was systematically catalogued in a conditions assessment which includes the physical condition of each marker and its inscription, if legible. This project was developed as a tool for Second Presbyterian Church that can be altered in the future to suit the changes that occur in and around the church’s graveyard

A traitor's death? The identity of a drawn, hanged and quartered man from Hulton Abbey, Staffordshire

Analysis of a set of bones redeposited in a medieval abbey graveyard showed that the individual had been beheaded and chopped up, and this in turn suggested one of England's more gruesome I execution practices. Since quartering was generally reserved for the infamous, the author attempts to track down the victim and proposes him to be Hugh Despenser, the lover of King Edward II

A European federation of states is the only form of integration which has the chance to preserve freedom and survive shifting power relations between sovereign nations

Over 200 years ago, the German philosopher, Immanuel Kant, predicted the rise of a great political body in Europe, akin to the present European Union. Using Kant’s ‘philosophical triangle’ Simon Glendinning argues that Europe’s present position as a region of connected, but sovereign states does not go far enough, but that a single unified Europe would be a ‘graveyard of freedom’. Instead, a federation of states provides the best future for Europe