13 research outputs found
A Bayesian network for combining descriptors: application to symbol recognition
International audienceIn this paper, we propose a descriptor combination method, which enables to improve significantly the recognition rate compared to the recognition rates obtained by each descriptor. This approach is based on a probabilistic graphical model. This model also enables to handle both discrete and continuous-valued variables. In fact, in order to improve the recognition rate, we have combined two kinds of features: discrete features (corresponding to shapes measures) and continuous features (corresponding to shape descriptors). In order to solve the dimensionality problem due to the large dimension of visual features, we have adapted a variable selection method. Experimental results, obtained in a supervised learning context, on noisy and occluded symbols, show the feasibility of the approach
Colonialisms, post-colonialisms and lusophonies: proceedings of the 4th International Congress in Cultural Studies
Colonialismos e pós-colonialismos são todos diferentes, mesmo quando referidos exclusivamente à situação lusófona. Neste contexto, mais do que procurar boas respostas, importa determinar quais as questões pertinentes aos nossos colonialismos e pós-colonialismos lusófonos.
Com efeito, problematizar a própria questão é começar por descolonizar o pensamento. Em nosso entender, esta é uma das tarefas candentes no processo de re-imaginação da Lusofonia, que passa, atualmente, pela procura de um pensamento estratégico que inclua uma reflexão colonialista/pós-colonialista/descolonialista.
Esta tarefa primeira, e mesmo propedêutica a qualquer construção gnoseológica, de descolonizar o pensamento hegemónico onde quer que ele se revele, não pode deixar de implicar as academias, centros de produção do saber e do conhecimento da realidade cultural, política e social. Neste sentido, descolonizar o pensamento sobre a Lusofonia passará por colocar em causa e instabilizar o que julgamos já saber e ser como ‘sujeitos lusófonos’, ‘países lusófonos’, ‘comunidades lusófonas’.
Trata-se, assim, de instabilizar a uniformidade, mas também as diferenças instituídas, que frequentemente não são mais do que um novo género de cânone integrador e dissolvente da diferença. Por outro lado, não podemos deixar de praticar uma atitude vigilante, de cuidado e suspeição, em face do discurso sobre a diferença irredutível, que pode tornar-se (como no passado) na estéril celebração do exótico. Fazer com que a diferença instabilize o que oficialmente se encontra canonizado como ‘diferença dentro do cânone’, implica negociar e re-inscrever identidades sem inverter dualismos. Uma reflexão pós-colonial no contexto lusófono não pode evitar o exercício da crítica às antigas dicotomias periferia/centro; cosmopolitismo/ruralismo, civilizado/selvagem, negro/branco, norte/sul, num contexto cultural de mundialização, transformado por novos e revolucionários fenómenos de comunicação, que têm também globalizado a marginalidade.
A tarefa de re-imaginar a Lusofonia implicará necessariamente a deslocação, inversão ou até implosão, do pensamento dual eurocêntrico, obrigando-nos a repensá-la dentro de uma mais vasta articulação entre local e global
Colonialisms, post-colonialisms and lusophonies: Proceedings of the 4th International Congress in Cultural Studies
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Organic materiality in the 20th century art-plants and animals (Human and Non-Human) from representation to materialisation
The aim of this research is to focus on organic materiality in the 20th century art, for its
appearance as a protagonist element presented in an artwork for what it actually is rather
than as a mere component or instrument for chromatic or decorative purposes. By
examining some works and specific case studies, organic materiality is suggested as a
filter, and also as a sketch of a method to introduce the elaboration of a problem not to
be solved, but to be left open to a variety of possibilities. Regarding the geographical
span, this research has an international scope, mainly covering the artistic production
carried out in Europe, Northern and Southern America, and Japan in some cases. In this
sense, this work assumes its inevitable incompleteness as an attempt to find a place into
a pluralistic theoretical discourse in art, and more specifically contemporary art, putting
at its core matter as a matter of concern. The present investigation focuses on a kind of
materiality that is, organic in the primal meaning of the term, in other words, an
adjective “relating to or derived from living matter.” Therefore, in order to present the
organic materiality of plants and animals (human and non-human) and their interactions
with the 20th century art this research, over its chapters, counts on the contributions of
history of science and medicine, and philosophical approaches such as philosophy of
nature, philosophy of Vitalism, and philosophical anthropology. Moreover, the cycle of
life of organic materiality became not only the object of research but also the method to
study 20th century art from the point of view selected for this work, whose division in
five chapters reflects this “organic method.” Proposing a spiral curve from birth,
through youth, maturity, ageing and death with the increase of advanced technology and
dissemination of digital media, the apparent disappearance of the organic, seems rather
to propose a reformulation of its meaning. Motivated by contemporary artistic practices
carried out in the first years of the 21st century, this research aim to understand the
organic in the past century, investigating it from a theoretical point of view, but
somehow by asking the organic materiality itself. In other words, the question on the
levels of the organic and the human is developed by interrogating the same organic into
artworks, not represented but presented, materialised
Kodikologie und Paläographie im digitalen Zeitalter - Codicology and Palaeography in the Digital Age
Neolithic land-use in the Dutch wetlands: estimating the land-use implications of resource exploitation strategies in the Middle Swifterbant Culture (4600-3900 BCE)
The Dutch wetlands witness the gradual adoption of Neolithic novelties by foraging societies during the Swifterbant period. Recent analyses provide new insights into the subsistence palette of Middle Swifterbant societies. Small-scale livestock herding and cultivation are in evidence at this time, but their importance if unclear. Within the framework of PAGES Land-use at 6000BP project, we aim to translate the information on resource exploitation into information on land-use that can be incorporated into global climate modelling efforts, with attention for the importance of agriculture. A reconstruction of patterns of resource exploitation and their land-use dimensions is complicated by methodological issues in comparing the results of varied recent investigations. Analyses of organic residues in ceramics have attested to the cooking of aquatic foods, ruminant meat, porcine meat, as well as rare cases of dairy. In terms of vegetative matter, some ceramics exclusively yielded evidence of wild plants, while others preserve cereal remains. Elevated δ15N values of human were interpreted as demonstrating an important aquatic component of the diet well into the 4th millennium BC. Yet recent assays on livestock remains suggest grazing on salt marshes partly accounts for the human values. Finally, renewed archaeozoological investigations have shown the early presence of domestic animals to be more limited than previously thought. We discuss the relative importance of exploited resources to produce a best-fit interpretation of changing patterns of land-use during the Middle Swifterbant phase. Our review combines recent archaeological data with wider data on anthropogenic influence on the landscape. Combining the results of plant macroremains, information from pollen cores about vegetation development, the structure of faunal assemblages, and finds of arable fields and dairy residue, we suggest the most parsimonious interpretation is one of a limited land-use footprint of cultivation and livestock keeping in Dutch wetlands between 4600 and 3900 BCE.NWOVidi 276-60-004Human Origin
Ways and Capacity in Archaeological Data Management in Serbia
Over the past year and due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the entire world has witnessed inequalities across borders and societies.
They also include access to archaeological resources, both physical and digital. Both archaeological data creators and users spent
a lot of time working from their homes, away from artefact collections and research data. However, this was the perfect moment to
understand the importance of making data freely and openly available, both nationally and internationally.
This is why the authors of this paper chose to make a selection of data bases from various institutions responsible for preservation
and protection of cultural heritage, in order to understand their policies regarding accessibility and usage of the data they keep.
This will be done by simple visits to various web-sites or data bases. They intend to check on the volume and content, but also
importance of the offered archaeological heritage. In addition, the authors will estimate whether the heritage has adequately been
classified and described and also check whether data is available in foreign languages.
It needs to be seen whether it is possible to access digital objects (documents and the accompanying metadata), whether access
is opened for all users or it requires a certain hierarchy access, what is the policy of usage, reusage and distribution etc. It remains to
be seen whether there are public API or whether it is possible to collect data through API. In case that there is a public API, one needs
to check whether datasets are interoperable or messy, requiring data cleaning.
After having visited a certain number of web-sites, the authors expect to collect enough data to make a satisfactory conclusion
about accessibility and usage of Serbian archaeological data web bases