45,294 research outputs found
A new formula to get sharp global stability criteria for one-dimensional discrete-time models
This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Qualitative Theory of Dynamical Systems. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12346-018-00314-4We present a new formula that makes it possible to get sharp global stability results for one-dimensional discrete-time models in an easy way. In particular, it allows to show that the local asymptotic stability of a positive equilibrium implies its global asymptotic stability for a new family of difference equations that finds many applications in population dynamics, economic models, and also in physiological processes governed by delay differential equations. The main ingredients to prove our results are the Schwarzian derivative and some dominance argumentsThe research of Sebastián Buedo-Fernández has been partially supported by Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte of Spain (Grant No. FPU16/04416), Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria, Xunta de Galicia (Grant Nos. GRC2015/004 and R2016/022), and Agencia Estatal de Investigación of Spain (Grant MTM2016-75140-P, cofunded by European Community fund FEDER)S
Generalised theory on asymptotic stability and boundedness of stochastic functional differential equations
Asymptotic stability and boundedness have been two of most popular topics in the study of stochastic functional differential equations (SFDEs) (see e.g. Appleby and Reynolds (2008), Appleby and Rodkina (2009), Basin and Rodkina (2008), Khasminskii (1980), Mao (1995), Mao (1997), Mao (2007), Rodkina and Basin (2007), Shu, Lam, and Xu (2009), Yang, Gao, Lam, and Shi (2009), Yuan and Lygeros (2005) and Yuan and Lygeros (2006)). In general, the existing results on asymptotic stability and boundedness of SFDEs require (i) the coefficients of the SFDEs obey the local Lipschitz condition and the linear growth condition; (ii) the diffusion operator of the SFDEs acting on a C2,1-function be bounded by a polynomial with the same order as the C2,1-function. However, there are many SFDEs which do not obey the linear growth condition. Moreover, for such highly nonlinear SFDEs, the diffusion operator acting on a C2,1-function is generally bounded by a polynomial with a higher order than the C2,1-function. Hence the existing criteria on stability and boundedness for SFDEs are not applicable andwesee the necessity to develop new criteria. Our main aim in this paper is to establish new criteria where the linear growth condition is no longer needed while the up-bound for the diffusion operator may take a much more general form
Front propagation into unstable states: Universal algebraic convergence towards uniformly translating pulled fronts
Fronts that start from a local perturbation and propagate into a linearly
unstable state come in two classes: pulled and pushed. ``Pulled'' fronts are
``pulled along'' by the spreading of linear perturbations about the unstable
state, so their asymptotic speed equals the spreading speed of linear
perturbations of the unstable state. The central result of this paper is that
the velocity of pulled fronts converges universally for time like
. The parameters ,
, and are determined through a saddle point analysis from the
equation of motion linearized about the unstable invaded state. The interior of
the front is essentially slaved to the leading edge, and we derive a simple,
explicit and universal expression for its relaxation towards
. Our result, which can be viewed as a general center
manifold result for pulled front propagation, is derived in detail for the well
known nonlinear F-KPP diffusion equation, and extended to much more general
(sets of) equations (p.d.e.'s, difference equations, integro-differential
equations etc.). Our universal result for pulled fronts thus implies
independence (i) of the level curve which is used to track the front position,
(ii) of the precise nonlinearities, (iii) of the precise form of the linear
operators, and (iv) of the precise initial conditions. Our simulations confirm
all our analytical predictions in every detail. A consequence of the slow
algebraic relaxation is the breakdown of various perturbative schemes due to
the absence of adiabatic decoupling.Comment: 76 pages Latex, 15 figures, submitted to Physica D on March 31, 1999
-- revised version from February 25, 200
Selection theorem for systems with inheritance
The problem of finite-dimensional asymptotics of infinite-dimensional dynamic
systems is studied. A non-linear kinetic system with conservation of supports
for distributions has generically finite-dimensional asymptotics. Such systems
are apparent in many areas of biology, physics (the theory of parametric wave
interaction), chemistry and economics. This conservation of support has a
biological interpretation: inheritance. The finite-dimensional asymptotics
demonstrates effects of "natural" selection. Estimations of the asymptotic
dimension are presented. After some initial time, solution of a kinetic
equation with conservation of support becomes a finite set of narrow peaks that
become increasingly narrow over time and move increasingly slowly. It is
possible that these peaks do not tend to fixed positions, and the path covered
tends to infinity as t goes to infinity. The drift equations for peak motion
are obtained. Various types of distribution stability are studied: internal
stability (stability with respect to perturbations that do not extend the
support), external stability or uninvadability (stability with respect to
strongly small perturbations that extend the support), and stable realizability
(stability with respect to small shifts and extensions of the density peaks).
Models of self-synchronization of cell division are studied, as an example of
selection in systems with additional symmetry. Appropriate construction of the
notion of typicalness in infinite-dimensional space is discussed, and the
notion of "completely thin" sets is introduced.
Key words: Dynamics; Attractor; Evolution; Entropy; Natural selectionComment: 46 pages, the final journal versio
Stability and instability of expanding solutions to the Lorentzian constant-positive-mean-curvature flow
We study constant mean curvature Lorentzian hypersurfaces of
from the point of view of its Cauchy problem. We
completely classify the spherically symmetric solutions, which include among
them a manifold isometric to the de Sitter space of general relativity. We show
that the spherically symmetric solutions exhibit one of three (future)
asymptotic behaviours: (i) finite time collapse (ii) convergence to a time-like
cylinder isometric to some and (iii) infinite
expansion to the future converging asymptotically to a time translation of the
de Sitter solution. For class (iii) we examine the future stability properties
of the solutions under arbitrary (not necessarily spherically symmetric)
perturbations. We show that the usual notions of asymptotic stability and
modulational stability cannot apply, and connect this to the presence of
cosmological horizons in these class (iii) solutions. We can nevertheless show
the global existence and future stability for small perturbations of class
(iii) solutions under a notion of stability that naturally takes into account
the presence of cosmological horizons. The proof is based on the vector field
method, but requires additional geometric insight. In particular we introduce
two new tools: an inverse-Gauss-map gauge to deal with the problem of
cosmological horizon and a quasilinear generalisation of Brendle's Bel-Robinson
tensor to obtain natural energy quantities.Comment: Version 2: 60 pages, 1 figure. Changes mostly to fix typographical
errors, with the exception of Remark 1.2 and Section 9.1 which are new and
which explain the extrinsic geometry of the embedding in more detail in terms
of the stability result. Version 3: updated reference
Nonminimally coupled topological-defect boson stars: Static solutions
We consider spherically symmetric static composite structures consisting of a
boson star and a global monopole, minimally or non-minimally coupled to the
general relativistic gravitational field. In the non-minimally coupled case,
Marunovic and Murkovic have shown that these objects, so-called boson D-stars,
can be sufficiently gravitationally compact so as to potentially mimic black
holes. Here, we present the results of an extensive numerical parameter space
survey which reveals additional new and unexpected phenomenology in the model.
In particular, focusing on families of boson D-stars which are parameterized by
the central amplitude of the boson field, we find configurations for both the
minimally and non-minimally coupled cases that contain one or more shells of
bosonic matter located far from the origin. In parameter space, each shell
spontaneously appears as one tunes through some critical central amplitude of
the boson field. In some cases the shells apparently materialize at spatial
infinity: in these instances their areal radii are observed to obey a universal
scaling law in the vicinity of the critical amplitude. We derive this law from
the equations of motion and the asymptotic behavior of the fields.Comment: 17 pages, 24 figure
Generic Morse-Smale property for the parabolic equation on the circle
In this paper, we show that, for scalar reaction-diffusion equations
on the circle , the Morse-Smale property is
generic with respect to the non-linearity . In \cite{CR}, Czaja and Rocha
have proved that any connecting orbit, which connects two hyperbolic periodic
orbits, is transverse and that there does not exist any homoclinic orbit,
connecting a hyperbolic periodic orbit to itself. In \cite{JR}, we have shown
that, generically with respect to the non-linearity , all the equilibria and
periodic orbits are hyperbolic. Here we complete these results by showing that
any connecting orbit between two hyperbolic equilibria with distinct Morse
indices or between a hyperbolic equilibrium and a hyperbolic periodic orbit is
automatically transverse. We also show that, generically with respect to ,
there does not exist any connection between equilibria with the same Morse
index. The above properties, together with the existence of a compact global
attractor and the Poincar\'e-Bendixson property, allow us to deduce that,
generically with respect to , the non-wandering set consists in a finite
number of hyperbolic equilibria and periodic orbits . The main tools in the
proofs include the lap number property, exponential dichotomies and the
Sard-Smale theorem. The proofs also require a careful analysis of the
asymptotic behavior of solutions of the linearized equations along the
connecting orbits
- …