643,490 research outputs found
Formation of Two Glass Phases in Binary Cu-Ag Liquid
The glass transition is alternatively described as either a dynamic transition in which there is a dramatic slowing down of the kinetics, or as a thermodynamic phase transition. To examine the physical origin of the glass transition in fragile Cu-Ag liquids, we employed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations on systems in the range of 32,000 to 2,048,000 atoms. Surprisingly, we identified a 1st order freezing transition from liquid (L) to metastable heterogenous solid-like phase, denoted as the G-glass, when a supercooled liquid evolves isothermally below its melting temperature at deep undercooling. In contrast, a more homogenous liquid-like glass, denoted as the L-glass, is achieved when the liquid is quenched continuously to room temperature with a fast cooling rate of ∼10¹¹ K/sec. We report a thermodynamic description of the L-G transition and characterize the correlation length of the heterogenous structure in the G-glass. The shear modulus of the G-glass is significantly higher than the L-glass, suggesting that the first order L-G transition is linked fundamentally to long-range elasticity involving elementary configurational excitations in the G-glass
Dynamical Behaviour of Low Autocorrelation Models
We have investigated the nature of the dynamical behaviour in low
autocorrelation binary sequences. These models do have a glass transition
of a purely dynamical nature. Above the glass transition the dynamics is not
fully ergodic and relaxation times diverge like a power law with close to . Approaching the glass transition
the relaxation slows down in agreement with the first order nature of the
dynamical transition. Below the glass transition the system exhibits aging
phenomena like in disordered spin glasses. We propose the aging phenomena as a
precise method to determine the glass transition and its first order nature.Comment: 19 pages + 14 figures, LateX, figures uuencoded at the end of the
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Evidence of a glass transition in a 10-state non-mean-field Potts glass
Potts glasses are prototype models that have been used to understand the
structural glass transition. However, in finite space dimensions a glass
transition remains to be detected in the 10-state Potts glass. Using a
one-dimensional model with long-range power-law interactions we present
evidence that a glass transition below the upper critical dimension can exist
for short-range systems at low enough temperatures. Gaining insights into the
structural glass transition for short-range systems using spin models is thus
potentially possible, yet difficult.Comment: 4 pages, 1 table, 2 figure
Viscosity and glass transition in amorphous oxides
An overview is given of amorphous oxide materials viscosity and glass-liquid transition phenomena. The viscosity is a continuous function of temperature, whereas the glass-liquid transition is accompanied by explicit discontinuities in the derivative parameters such as the specific heat or thermal expansion coefficient. A compendium of viscosity models is given including recent data on viscous flow model based on network defects in which thermodynamic parameters of configurons—elementary excitations resulting from broken bonds—are found from viscosity-temperature relationships. Glass-liquid transition phenomena are described including the configuron model of glass transition which shows a reduction of Hausdorff dimension of bonds at glass-liquid transition
Aging vs crystallisation dynamics in hyperquenched glasses and a resolution of the water Tg controversy
The possibility of observing a glass transition in water before
crystallisation occurs has been debated vigorously but inconclusively over five
decades [1,2]. For two decades a glass transition at 136K [2,3] was accepted
but this transition has perplexing qualities [4]. Recently it has been
argued[2,5],that this assignment must be wrong. The re-assignment of Tg to
temperatures above the 150K crystallisation was vigorously contested [6]. Here
we use detailed anneal-and-scan studies of a hyperquenched inorganic glass,
which does not crystallize on heating, to interpret the perplexing aspects of
the 136K water phenomenon. We show that it is indeed linked to a glass
transition, though only via a cross-over phenomenon. The thermal history that
gives the same behaviour ("shadow" glass transition) in the inorganic glass is
linked by crossover to a "normal" glass transition 23% higher in temperature.
Thus a Tg is indeed unobservable for water, while the vitreous nature of
hyperquenched glassy water is strongly supported. The shadow Tg is reproducible
in the inorganic glass as it is in H2O. The observed aging dynamics are very
relevant to current glass theory, particularly to dynamical heterogeneity which
is seen to have an energy manifestation.Comment: 23 pages, 4 figure
Direct Identification of the Glass Transition: Growing Length Scale and the Onset of Plasticity
Understanding the mechanical properties of glasses remains elusive since the
glass transition itself is not fully understood, even in well studied examples
of glass formers in two dimensions. In this context we demonstrate here: (i) a
direct evidence for a diverging length scale at the glass transition (ii) an
identification of the glass transition with the disappearance of fluid-like
regions and (iii) the appearance in the glass state of fluid-like regions when
mechanical strain is applied.
These fluid-like regions are associated with the onset of plasticity in the
amorphous solid. The relaxation times which diverge upon the approach to the
glass transition are related quantitatively.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figs.; 2 figs. omitted, new fig., quasi-crystal discussion
omitted, new material on relaxation time
Ordering of the Heisenberg Spin Glass in High Dimensions
Ordering of the Heisenberg spin glass with the nearest-neighbor Gaussian
coupling is investigated by equilibrium Monte Carlo simulations in four and
five dimensions. Ordering of the mean-field Heisenberg spin-glass is also
studied for comparison. Particular attention is paid to the nature of the
spin-glass and the chiral-glass orderings. Our numerical data suggest that, in
five dimensions, the model exhibits a single spin-glass transition at a finite
temperature, where the spin-glass order accompanying the simultaneous
chiral-glass order sets in. In four dimensions, by contrast, the model exhibits
a chiral-glass transition at a finite temperature, not accompanying the
standard spin-glass order. The critical region associated with the chiral-glass
transition, however, is very narrow, suggesting that dimension four is close to
the marginal dimensionality.Comment: 18 pages, 12 figure
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