5,393 research outputs found

    Geometrical definition of a continuous family of time transformations on the hyperbolic two-body problem

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    [EN] This paper is aimed to address the study of techniques focused on the use of a new set of anomalies based on geometric continuous transformations, depending on a parameter a, that includes the true anomaly. This family is an extension of the elliptic geometrical transformation to the hyperbolic case. This transformation allows getting closed equations for the classical quantities of the hyperbolic two body problem both in the attractive and in the repulsive case. In this paper, we obtain the link between hyperbolic functions of hyperbolic argument H to trigonometric functions for each temporal variable in the new family, including also the inverse relations. We also carry out the study, in the attractive case, of the minimization of the errors due to the choice of a temporal variable included in our family in the numerical integration by an appropriate choice of parameters. This study includes the analysis of the dependence on the parameter of integration errors in a great time span for several eccentricities as well as the study of local truncation errors along the region with true anomaly contained in the interval [-pi/2, pi/2] around the primary for several values of the parameter. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.This research has been partially supported by Grant P1.1B2012-47 from University Jaume I of Castellon and Grant AICO/2015/037 from Generalitat Valenciana.LĂłpez OrtĂ­, J.; Marco Castillo, FJ.; MartĂ­nez Uso, MJ. (2018). Geometrical definition of a continuous family of time transformations on the hyperbolic two-body problem. Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics. 330:1081-1092. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cam.2017.04.048S1081109233

    The Chrono-geometrical Structure of Special and General Relativity: a Re-Visitation of Canonical Geometrodynamics

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    A modern re-visitation of the consequences of the lack of an intrinsic notion of instantaneous 3-space in relativistic theories leads to a reformulation of their kinematical basis emphasizing the role of non-inertial frames centered on an arbitrary accelerated observer. In special relativity the exigence of predictability implies the adoption of the 3+1 point of view, which leads to a well posed initial value problem for field equations in a framework where the change of the convention of synchronization of distant clocks is realized by means of a gauge transformation. This point of view is also at the heart of the canonical approach to metric and tetrad gravity in globally hyperbolic asymptotically flat space-times, where the use of Shanmugadhasan canonical transformations allows the separation of the physical degrees of freedom of the gravitational field (the tidal effects) from the arbitrary gauge variables. Since a global vision of the equivalence principle implies that only global non-inertial frames can exist in general relativity, the gauge variables are naturally interpreted as generalized relativistic inertial effects, which have to be fixed to get a deterministic evolution in a given non-inertial frame. As a consequence, in each Einstein's space-time in this class the whole chrono-geometrical structure, including also the clock synchronization convention, is dynamically determined and a new approach to the Hole Argument leads to the conclusion that "gravitational field" and "space-time" are two faces of the same entity. This view allows to get a classical scenario for the unification of the four interactions in a scheme suited to the description of the solar system or our galaxy with a deperametrization to special relativity and the subsequent possibility to take the non-relativistic limit.Comment: 33 pages, Lectures given at the 42nd Karpacz Winter School of Theoretical Physics, "Current Mathematical Topics in Gravitation and Cosmology", Ladek, Poland, 6-11 February 200

    Non-Smooth Spatio-Temporal Coordinates in Nonlinear Dynamics

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    This paper presents an overview of physical ideas and mathematical methods for implementing non-smooth and discontinuous substitutions in dynamical systems. General purpose of such substitutions is to bring the differential equations of motion to the form, which is convenient for further use of analytical and numerical methods of analyses. Three different types of nonsmooth transformations are discussed as follows: positional coordinate transformation, state variables transformation, and temporal transformations. Illustrating examples are provided.Comment: 15 figure

    Background-Independence

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    Intuitively speaking, a classical field theory is background-independent if the structure required to make sense of its equations is itself subject to dynamical evolution, rather than being imposed ab initio. The aim of this paper is to provide an explication of this intuitive notion. Background-independence is not a not formal property of theories: the question whether a theory is background-independent depends upon how the theory is interpreted. Under the approach proposed here, a theory is fully background-independent relative to an interpretation if each physical possibility corresponds to a distinct spacetime geometry; and it falls short of full background-independence to the extent that this condition fails.Comment: Forthcoming in General Relativity and Gravitatio

    The Physical Role of Gravitational and Gauge Degrees of Freedom in General Relativity - I: Dynamical Synchronization and Generalized Inertial Effects

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    This is the first of a couple of papers in which, by exploiting the capabilities of the Hamiltonian approach to general relativity, we get a number of technical achievements that are instrumental both for a disclosure of \emph{new} results concerning specific issues, and for new insights about \emph{old} foundational problems of the theory. The first paper includes: 1) a critical analysis of the various concepts of symmetry related to the Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian viewpoint on the one hand, and to the Hamiltonian viewpoint, on the other. This analysis leads, in particular, to a re-interpretation of {\it active} diffeomorphisms as {\it passive and metric-dependent} dynamical symmetries of Einstein's equations, a re-interpretation which enables to disclose the (nearly unknown) connection of a subgroup of them to Hamiltonian gauge transformations {\it on-shell}; 2) a re-visitation of the canonical reduction of the ADM formulation of general relativity, with particular emphasis on the geometro-dynamical effects of the gauge-fixing procedure, which amounts to the definition of a \emph{global (non-inertial) space-time laboratory}. This analysis discloses the peculiar \emph{dynamical nature} that the traditional definition of distant simultaneity and clock-synchronization assume in general relativity, as well as the {\it gauge relatedness} of the "conventions" which generalize the classical Einstein's convention.Comment: 45 pages, Revtex4, some refinements adde
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