2,258 research outputs found
Generating Explanatory Captions for Information Graphics
Graphical presentations can be used to communicate information in relational data sets succinctly and effectively. However, novel graphical presentations about numerous attributes and their relationships are often difficult to understand completely until explained. Automatically generated graphical presentations must therefore either be limited to simple, conventional ones, or risk incomprehensibility. One way of alleviating this problem is to design graphical presentation systems that can work in conjunction with a natural language generator to produce "explanatory captions." This paper presents three strategies for generating explanatory captions to accompany information graphics based on: (1) a representation of the structure of the graphical presentation (2) a framework for identifyingthe perceptual complexity of graphical elements, and (3) the structure of the data expressed in the graphic. We describe an implemented system and illustrate how it is used to generate explanatory cap..
Desiderata for an Every Citizen Interface to the National Information Infrastructure: Challenges for NLP
In this paper, I provide desiderata for an interface that would enable ordinary people to properly access the capabilities of the NII. I identify some of the technologies that will be needed to achieve these desiderata, and discuss current and future research directions that could lead to the development of such technologies. In particular, I focus on the ways in which theory and techniques from natural language processing could contribute to future interfaces to the NII. Introduction The evolving national information infrastructure (NII) has made available a vast array of on-line services and networked information resources in a variety of forms (text, speech, graphics, images, video). At the same time, advances in computing and telecommunications technology have made it possible for an increasing number of households to own (or lease or use) powerful personal computers that are connected to this resource. Accompanying this progress is the expectation that people will be able to more..
Exploranative Code Quality Documents
Good code quality is a prerequisite for efficiently developing maintainable
software. In this paper, we present a novel approach to generate exploranative
(explanatory and exploratory) data-driven documents that report code quality in
an interactive, exploratory environment. We employ a template-based natural
language generation method to create textual explanations about the code
quality, dependent on data from software metrics. The interactive document is
enriched by different kinds of visualization, including parallel coordinates
plots and scatterplots for data exploration and graphics embedded into text. We
devise an interaction model that allows users to explore code quality with
consistent linking between text and visualizations; through integrated
explanatory text, users are taught background knowledge about code quality
aspects. Our approach to interactive documents was developed in a design study
process that included software engineering and visual analytics experts.
Although the solution is specific to the software engineering scenario, we
discuss how the concept could generalize to multivariate data and report
lessons learned in a broader scope.Comment: IEEE VIS VAST 201
Using the Journalistic Metaphor to Design User Interfaces That Explain Sensor Data
Facilitating general access to data from sensor networks (including traffic, hydrology and other domains) increases their utility. In this paper we argue that the journalistic metaphor can be effectively used to automatically generate multimedia presentations that help non-expert users analyze and understand sensor data. The journalistic layout and style are familiar to most users. Furthermore, the journalistic approach of ordering information from most general to most specific helps users obtain a high-level understanding while providing them the freedom to choose the depth of analysis to which they want to go. We describe the general characteristics and architectural requirements for an interactive intelligent user interface for exploring sensor data that uses the journalistic metaphor. We also describe our experience in developing this interface in real-world domains (e.g., hydrology)
Paraphrase Acquisition from Image Captions
We propose to use image captions from the Web as a previously underutilized
resource for paraphrases (i.e., texts with the same "message") and to create
and analyze a corresponding dataset. When an image is reused on the Web, an
original caption is often assigned. We hypothesize that different captions for
the same image naturally form a set of mutual paraphrases. To demonstrate the
suitability of this idea, we analyze captions in the English Wikipedia, where
editors frequently relabel the same image for different articles. The paper
introduces the underlying mining technology, the resulting Wikipedia-IPC
dataset, and compares known paraphrase corpora with respect to their syntactic
and semantic paraphrase similarity to our new resource. In this context, we
introduce characteristic maps along the two similarity dimensions to identify
the style of paraphrases coming from different sources. An annotation study
demonstrates the high reliability of the algorithmically determined
characteristic maps
A standard format and a graphical user interface for spin system specification
We introduce a simple and general XML format for spin system description that
is the result of extensive consultations within Magnetic Resonance community
and unifies under one roof all major existing spin interaction specification
conventions. The format is human-readable, easy to edit and easy to parse using
standard XML libraries. We also describe a graphical user interface that was
designed to facilitate construction and visualization of complicated spin
systems. The interface is capable of generating input files for several popular
spin dynamics simulation packages.Comment: Submitted for publicatio
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