한국프로야구 (KBO) 외국인 선수들의 재계약에 적응이 미치는 영향

학위논문 (석사) -- 서울대학교 대학원 : 사범대학 체육교육과,글로벌스포츠매니지먼트전공, 2021. 2. 강준호.The purpose of this research is to explore the adaptation on foreign players in Korea Baseball Organization (KBO). The study will focus on the factors of adaptation, adaptation process, and the consequences of adaptation. Adaptation is defined as baseball culture and general culture experienced by foreign players both on and off the field. Foreign players, who played in the past or currently playing, were interviewed in-depth under semi-structured format. The transcription of data is used to analyze the hierarchy format of categorizing the themes. Under higher order theme, ‘Best part of Korea (On-field: Internal)’, ‘Best part of Korea (Off-field: External)’, and ‘Challenges and Difficulties’ are categorized to identify the positive and negative factors affecting the adaptation process. Each categories have low order theme as listed factors such as Teammates, Team environment, Fans, Baseball culture, Equipment, Field condition, Balls, Foods, Living environment, General culture, Language, Family, Time difference, and Trust. The most frequently cited themes by the participants, who played in KBO in the past, were Teammates, Foods, and Family and Language. The most repeatedly mentioned themes by the participants, who currently play in KBO, were Ball and Field condition, General culture, and Trust. The result indicates different groups focused on different factors: Past KBO group emphasized external factors, whereas Current KBO group focused on internal factors. By comparing the statistical data and the history of re-signing records, the participants who focused on internal adaptation factors, Current KBO group, tend to have better performance and have higher chance to re-sign. The participants who paid more attention to external factors, Past KBO group, tend to have poor performance and less chance to re-sign. The chances of re-signing the following contracts depended on the performance level through adaptation factors, and adaptation on internal factors were significantly more important than the adaptation on external factors.본 연구는 한국야구협회(KBO, Korea Baseball Organization)에 속한 외국인 선수들의 적응 요인, 적응 과정 그리고 적응 결과에 관한 연구이다. 연구에서의 ‘적응' 은 필드 안팎에서 외국인 선수들이 경험하는 야구 문화와 현지 문화에 대한 적응으로 한정한다. 연구는 다음과 같이 진행되었다. 먼저 과거에 KBO에서 뛰었거나 현재 뛰고있는 외국인 선수들을 대상으로 반구조적 형식의 심층 인터뷰를 진행하였다. 인터뷰 전사는 주제 범주 위계를 분석하는데 사용하였다. ‘한국이 적응에 유리한 부분 (필드 안 내부 요인)’, ‘한국이 적응에 유리한 부분 (필드 밖 외부 요인)’, 그리고 ‘도전과 어려움' 을 적응 과정의 긍정 및 부정 요인을 식별하는 가장 상위 범주로 정의하였다. 각 범주는 팀원, 팀 환경, 팬, 야구 문화, 장비, 그라운드 컨디션, 야구공, 음식, 생활 환경, 일반적인 한국 문화, 언어, 가족, 시차, 신뢰와 같은 하위 주제로 분류하여 연구되었다. 적응 과정을 확인하기 위해 인터뷰에서 가장 많이 언급된 요인들이 어떤 비중을 차지하였는지 코딩 작업을 통해 확인하였고, 이후 적응 결과로 평가될 수 있는 해당 선수의 재계약 데이터를 비교하였다. 인터뷰에 따라 과거에 KBO에서 뛰었던 선수들과 현재 KBO에서 뛰고 있는 선수들이 각기 다른 요인에 초점을 맞추고 있다는 결과가 도출되었다. 과거에 KBO에서 뛰었던 선수들이 가장 많이 언급한 주제는 팀원, 음식, 가족, 언어였다. 현재 KBO에서 뛰고있는 선수들이 가장 많이 언급한 주제는 야구공, 그라운드 컨디션, 일반적인 한국 문화, 신뢰였다. 과거에 KBO에서 뛰었던 선수들이 외부 요인을 강조한 반면, 현재 KBO에서 뛰고 있는 선수들은 내부 요인을 강조했다. 인터뷰 데이터와 재계약 데이터를 비교한 결과, 내부 적응 요인을 강조한 현재 KBO에서 뛰고 있는 선수 그룹이 더 좋은 경기 성과를 냈으며 재계약의 가능성 또한 높은 경향이 나타났다. 외부 적응 요인을 강조한 과거 KBO에서 뛰었던 선수 그룹은 상대적으로 경기 성과가 낮았으며 재계약의 기회 또한 적었다. 재계약의 기회는 적응 요인 중 하나인 경기 성과 정도에 달려있었으며, 경기 성과에 미치는 영향은 내부 요인에 대한 적응이 외부 요인에 대한 적응보다 상대적으로 더욱 중요했다.Table of Contents Abstract Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1. Study Background 1 1.2. Research Purpose 8 1.3. Research Questions 16 1.4. Significance of Study 17 Chapter 2. Literature Review 18 2.1. International Labor Migration Theory 20 2.2. Cross-cultural Adaptation Theory 27 2.3. Adaptation Theory 31 Chapter 3. Methodology 36 3.1. Participants 36 3.2. Data Collection 38 3.3. Data Analysis 39 Chapter 4. Results 42 4.1. Data Interpretation 42 4.2. Factors influence the adaptation (Internal & External) 43 4.3. Adaptation Process (Internal & External) 71 4.3.1. Past Korea/KBO experienced players 72 4.3.2. Current Korea/KBO experience players 75 4.4. The Consequences of Adaptation 78 Chapter 5. Discussion and Conclusion 82 5.1. Discussion 82 5.2. Limitations and Future Directions 87 5.3. Conclusion 89 References 91 Appendix 108 Abstract (국문초록) 111Maste

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