Linear Operation of Switch-Mode Outphasing Power Amplifiers

Radio transceivers are playing an increasingly important role in modern society. The ”connected” lifestyle has been enabled by modern wireless communications. The demand that has been placed on current wireless and cellular infrastructure requires increased spectral efficiency however this has come at the cost of power efficiency. This work investigates methods of improving wireless transceiver efficiency by enabling more efficient power amplifier architectures, specifically examining the role of switch-mode power amplifiers in macro cell scenarios. Our research focuses on the mechanisms within outphasing power amplifiers which prevent linear amplification. From the analysis it was clear that high power non-linear effects are correctable with currently available techniques however non-linear effects around the zero crossing point are not. As a result signal processing techniques for suppressing and avoiding non-linear operation in low power regions are explored. A novel method of digital pre-distortion is presented, and conventional techniques for linearisation are adapted for the particular needs of the outphasing power amplifier. More unconventional signal processing techniques are presented to aid linearisation of the outphasing power amplifier, both zero crossing and bandwidth expansion reduction methods are designed to avoid operation in nonlinear regions of the amplifiers. In combination with digital pre-distortion the techniques will improve linearisation efforts on outphasing systems with dynamic range and bandwidth constraints respectively. Our collaboration with NXP provided access to a digital outphasing power amplifier, enabling empirical analysis of non-linear behaviour and comparative analysis of behavioural modelling and linearisation efforts. The collaboration resulted in a bench mark for linear wideband operation of a digital outphasing power amplifier. The complimentary linearisation techniques, bandwidth expansion reduction and zero crossing reduction have been evaluated in both simulated and practical outphasing test benches. Initial results are promising and indicate that the benefits they provide are not limited to the outphasing amplifier architecture alone. Overall this thesis presents innovative analysis of the distortion mechanisms of the outphasing power amplifier, highlighting the sensitivity of the system to environmental effects. Practical and novel linearisation techniques are presented, with a focus on enabling wide band operation for modern communications standards

Design and implementation of a wideband sigma delta ADC

Abstract. High-speed and wideband ADCs have become increasingly important in response to the growing demand for high-speed wireless communication services. Continuous time sigma delta modulators (CTƩ∆M), well-known for their oversampling and noise shaping properties, offer a promising solution for low-power and high-speed design in wireless applications. The objective of this thesis is to design and implement a wideband CTƩ∆M for a global navigation satellite system(GNSS) receiver. The targeted modulator architecture is a 3rdorder single-bit CTƩ∆M, specifically designed to operate within a 15 MHz signal bandwidth. With an oversampling ratio of 25, the ADC’s sampling frequency is set at 768 MHz. The design goal is to achieve a theoretical signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 55 dB. This thesis focuses on the design and implementation of the CTƩ∆M, building upon the principles of a discrete time Ʃ∆ modulator, and leveraging system-level simulation and formulations. A detailed explanation of the coefficient calculation procedure specific to CTƩ∆ modulators is provided, along with a "top-down" design approach that ensures the specified requirements are met. MATLAB scripts for coefficient calculation are also included. To overcome the challenges associated with the implementation of CTƩ∆ modulators, particularly excess loop delay and clock jitter sensitivity, this thesis explores two key strategies: the introduction of a delay compensation path and the utilization of a finite impulse response (FIR) feedback DAC. By incorporating a delay compensation path, the stability of the modulator can be ensured and its noise transfer function (NTF) can be restored. Additionally, the integration of an FIR feedback DAC addresses the issue of clock jitter sensitivity, enhancing the overall performance and robustness of the CTƩ∆M. The CTƩ∆Ms employ the cascade of integrators with feed forward (CIFF) and cascade of integrators with feedforward and feedback (CIFF-B) topologies, with a particular emphasis on the CIFF-B configuration using 22nm CMOS technology node and a supply voltage of 0.8 V. Various simulations are performed to validate the modulator’s performance. The simulation results demonstrate an achievable SNR of 55 dB with a power consumption of 1.36 mW. Furthermore, the adoption of NTF zero optimization techniques enhances the SNR to 62 dB.Laajakaistaisen jatkuva-aikaisen sigma delta-AD-muuntimen suunnittelu ja toteutus. Tiivistelmä. Nopeat ja laajakaistaiset AD-muuntimet ovat tulleet entistä tärkeämmiksi nopeiden langattomien kommunikaatiopalvelujen kysynnän kasvaessa. Jatkuva-aikaiset sigma delta -modulaattorit (CTƩ∆M), joissa käytetään ylinäytteistystä ja kohinanmuokkausta, tarjoavat lupaavan ratkaisun matalan tehonkulutuksen ja nopeiden langattomien sovellusten suunnitteluun. Tämän työn tarkoituksena on suunnitella ja toteuttaa laajakaistainen jatkuva -aikainen sigma delta -modulaattori satelliittipaikannusjärjestelmien (GNSS) vastaanottimeen. Arkkitehtuuriltaan modulaattori on kolmannen asteen 1-bittinen CTƩ∆M, jolla on 15MHz:n signaalikaistanleveys. Ylinäytteistyssuhde on 25 ja AD muuntimen näytteistystaajuus 768 MHz. Tavoitteena on saavuttaa teoreettinen 55 dB signaalikohinasuhde (SNR). Tämä työ keskittyy jatkuva-aikaisen sigma delta -modulaattorin suunnitteluun ja toteutukseen, perustuen diskreettiaikaisen Ʃ∆-modulaattorin periaatteisiin ja systeemitason simulointiin ja mallitukseen. Jatkuva-aikaisen sigma delta -modulaattorin kertoimien laskentamenetelmä esitetään yksityiskohtaisesti, ja vaatimusten täyttyminen varmistetaan “top-down” -suunnitteluperiaatteella. Liitteenä on kertoimien laskemiseen käytetty MATLAB-koodi. Jatkuva-aikaisten sigma delta -modulaattoreiden erityishaasteiden, liian pitkän silmukkaviiveen ja kellojitterin herkkyyden, voittamiseksi tutkitaan kahta strategiaa, viiveen kompensointipolkua ja FIR takaisinkytkentä -DA muunninta. Viivekompensointipolkua käyttämällä modulaattorin stabiilisuus ja kohinansuodatusfunktio saadaan varmistettua ja korjattua. Lisäksi FIR takaisinkytkentä -DA-muuntimen käyttö pienentää kellojitteriherkkyyttä, parantaen jatkuva aikaisen sigma delta -modulaattorin kokonaissuorituskykyä ja luotettavuutta. Toteutetuissa jatkuva-aikaisissa sigma delta -modulaattoreissa on kytketty peräkkäin integraattoreita myötäkytkentärakenteella (CIFF) ja toisessa sekä myötä- että takaisinkytkentärakenteella (CIFF-B). Päähuomio on CIFF-B rakenteessa, joka toteutetaan 22nm CMOS prosessissa käyttäen 0.8 voltin käyttöjännitettä. Suorityskyky varmistetaan erilaisilla simuloinneilla, joiden perusteella 55 dB SNR saavutetaan 1.36 mW tehonkulutuksella. Lisäksi kohinanmuokkausfunktion optimoinnilla SNR saadaan nostettua 62 desibeliin

A Spatial Sigma-Delta Approach to Mitigation of Power Amplifier Distortions in Massive MIMO Downlink

In massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) downlink systems, the physical implementation of the base stations (BSs) requires the use of cheap and power-efficient power amplifiers (PAs) to avoid high hardware cost and high power consumption. However, such PAs usually have limited linear amplification ranges. Nonlinear distortions arising from operation beyond the linear amplification ranges can significantly degrade system performance. Existing approaches to handle the nonlinear distortions, such as digital predistortion (DPD), typically require accurate knowledge, or acquisition, of the PA transfer function. In this paper, we present a new concept for mitigation of the PA distortions. Assuming a uniform linear array (ULA) at the BS, the idea is to apply a Sigma-Delta ($\Sigma \Delta$) modulator to spatially shape the PA distortions to the high-angle region. By having the system operating in the low-angle region, the received signals are less affected by the PA distortions. To demonstrate the potential of this spatial $\Sigma \Delta$ approach, we study the application of our approach to the multi-user MIMO-orthogonal frequency division modulation (OFDM) downlink scenario. A symbol-level precoding (SLP) scheme and a zero-forcing (ZF) precoding scheme, with the new design requirement by the spatial $\Sigma \Delta$ approach being taken into account, are developed. Numerical simulations are performed to show the effectiveness of the developed $\Sigma \Delta$ precoding schemes

1-Bit processing based model predictive control for fractionated satellite missions

In this thesis, a 1-bit processing based Model Predictive Control (OBMPC) structure is proposed for a fractionated satellite attitude control mission. Despite the appealing advantages of the MPC algorithm towards constrained MIMO control applications, implementing the MPC algorithm onboard a small satellite is certainly challenging due to the limited onboard resources. The proposed design is based on the 1-bit processing concept, which takes advantage of the affine relation between the 1-bit state feedback and multi-bit parameters to implement a multiplier free MPC controller. As multipliers are the major power consumer in online optimization, the OBMPC structure is proven to be more efficient in comparison to the conventional MPC implementation in term of power and circuit complexity. The system is in digital control nature, affected by quantization noise introduced by Δ∑ modulators. The stability issues and practical design criteria are also discussed in this work. Some other aspects are considered in this work to complete the control system. Firstly, the implementation of the OBMPC system relies on the 1-bit state feedbacks. Hence, 1-bit sensing components are needed to implement the OBMPC system. While the ∆∑ modulator based Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) gyroscope is considered in this work, it is possible to implement this concept into other sensing components. Secondly, as the proposed attitude mission is based on the wireless inter-satellite link (ISL), a state estimator is required. However, conventional state estimators will once again introduce multi-bit signals, and compromise the simple, direct implementation of the OBMPC controller. Therefore, the 1-bit state estimator is also designed in this work to satisfy the requirements of the proposed fractionated attitude control mission. The simulation for the OBMPC is based on a 2U CubeSat model in a fractionated satellite structure, in which the payload and actuators are separated from the controller and controlled via the ISL. Matlab simulations and FPGA implementation based performance analysis shows that the OBMPC is feasible for fractionated satellite missions and is advantageous over the conventional MPC controllers

1-Bit processing based model predictive control for fractionated satellite missions

In this thesis, a 1-bit processing based Model Predictive Control (OBMPC) structure is proposed for a fractionated satellite attitude control mission. Despite the appealing advantages of the MPC algorithm towards constrained MIMO control applications, implementing the MPC algorithm onboard a small satellite is certainly challenging due to the limited onboard resources. The proposed design is based on the 1-bit processing concept, which takes advantage of the affine relation between the 1-bit state feedback and multi-bit parameters to implement a multiplier free MPC controller. As multipliers are the major power consumer in online optimization, the OBMPC structure is proven to be more efficient in comparison to the conventional MPC implementation in term of power and circuit complexity. The system is in digital control nature, affected by quantization noise introduced by Δ∑ modulators. The stability issues and practical design criteria are also discussed in this work. Some other aspects are considered in this work to complete the control system. Firstly, the implementation of the OBMPC system relies on the 1-bit state feedbacks. Hence, 1-bit sensing components are needed to implement the OBMPC system. While the ∆∑ modulator based Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) gyroscope is considered in this work, it is possible to implement this concept into other sensing components. Secondly, as the proposed attitude mission is based on the wireless inter-satellite link (ISL), a state estimator is required. However, conventional state estimators will once again introduce multi-bit signals, and compromise the simple, direct implementation of the OBMPC controller. Therefore, the 1-bit state estimator is also designed in this work to satisfy the requirements of the proposed fractionated attitude control mission. The simulation for the OBMPC is based on a 2U CubeSat model in a fractionated satellite structure, in which the payload and actuators are separated from the controller and controlled via the ISL. Matlab simulations and FPGA implementation based performance analysis shows that the OBMPC is feasible for fractionated satellite missions and is advantageous over the conventional MPC controllers

Low-Power Wireless Medical Systems and Circuits for Invasive and Non-Invasive Applications

Approximately 75% of the health care yearly budget of public health systems around the world is spent on the treatment of patients with chronic diseases. This, along with advances on the medical and technological fields has given rise to the use of preventive medicine, resulting on a high demand of wireless medical systems (WMS) for patient monitoring and drug safety research. In this dissertation, the main design challenges and solutions for designing a WMS are addressed from system-level, using off-the-shell components, to circuit implementation. Two low-power oriented WMS aiming to monitor blood pressure of small laboratory animals (implantable) and cardiac-activity (12-lead electrocardiogram) of patients with chronic diseases (wearable) are presented. A power consumption vs. lifetime analysis to estimate the monitoring unit lifetime for each application is included. For the invasive/non-invasive WMS, in-vitro test benches are used to verify their functionality showing successful communication up to 2.1 m/35 m with the monitoring unit consuming 0.572 mA/33 mA from a 3 V/4.5 V power supply, allowing a two-year/ 88-hour lifetime in periodic/continuous operation. This results in an improvement of more than 50% compared with the lifetime commercial products. Additionally, this dissertation proposes transistor-level implementations of an ultra-low-noise/low-power biopotential amplifier and the baseband section of a wireless receiver, consisting of a channel selection filter (CSF) and a variable gain amplifier (VGA). The proposed biopotential amplifier is intended for electrocardiogram (ECG)/ electroencephalogram (EEG)/ electromyogram (EMG) monitoring applications and its architecture was designed focused on improving its noise/power efficiency. It was implemented using the ON-SEMI 0.5 µm standard process with an effective area of 360 µm2. Experimental results show a pass-band gain of 40.2 dB (240 mHz - 170 Hz), input referred noise of 0.47 Vrms, minimum CMRR of 84.3 dBm, NEF of 1.88 and a power dissipation of 3.5 µW. The CSF was implemented using an active-RC 4th order inverse-chebyshev topology. The VGA provides 30 gain steps and includes a DC-cancellation loop to avoid saturation on the sub-sequent analog-to-digital converter block. Measurement results show a power consumption of 18.75 mW, IIP3 of 27.1 dBm, channel rejection better than 50 dB, gain variation of 0-60dB, cut-off frequency tuning of 1.1-2.29 MHz and noise figure of 33.25 dB. The circuit was implemented in the standard IBM 0.18 µm CMOS process with a total area of 1.45 x 1.4 mm^(2). The presented WMS can integrate the proposed biopotential amplifier and baseband section with small modifications depending on the target signal while using the low-power-oriented algorithm to obtain further power optimization

Kvadratuuri-sigma-delta-AD-muuntimet: mallintaminen ja signaalinkäsittely

The versatile nature of modern wireless communications and on the other hand the push towards cost-efficiency, have created a demand for flexible radio transceivers. In addition, size and power consumption are critical for mobile solutions, thus setting their own demands for the circuitry. Traditionally in such architectures, the analog-to-digital converter has been seen as a performance bottleneck, limiting the possibilities to harness the full potential of the available digital signal processing techniques and algorithms. Therefore, analog-to-digital conversion based on a quadrature ΣΔ modulator noise shaping has been brought in as a promising possibility. More efficient noise shaping and better suitability for modern receivers applying complex signal processing principles already, compared to real counterpart make the quadrature converter particularly interesting choice. This thesis discusses the main principles of quadrature ΣΔ converter and related signal modeling. In addition to understanding the basic operation, it is crucial to understand the implementation related nonidealities, which can’t be avoided in any true circuit. One of the most important phenomena in this field, concerning the in-phase/quadrature processing in the transceivers, is the nonideal matching of the components on the two rails. Thus, the latter part of the thesis gives a detailed analysis on the mismatch problem in quadrature ΣΔ converters. Thereafter, the analysis is confirmed by computer simulations. Finally, it is shown that the mismatch mentioned above is a real concern, especially under the influence of a mirror frequency blocking signal. This might very well be the case in a wideband radio receiver with reduced analog selectivity. On the other hand, the analysis shows that educated design of the signal transfer function can be efficiently used to mitigate the interference originating from the mirror frequency in case of mismatch in the complex feedback branch of the modulator. In this way, the generated distortion can be reduced without any additional electronics, which would compromise cost-efficiency and other demands. Additionally, it is pointed out that independent frequency domain mirroring of the noise and the signal component sets challenges for traditional compensation algorithms. Thus, there is a call for innovative ideas to mitigate the mirror frequency distortion in quadrature ΣΔ modulators via digital signal processing. In this way the cost-efficiency, power consumption and size requirements wouldn’t be jeopardized due to additional electronics. /Kir10Nykyaikaisen langattoman tiedonsiirron monimuotoisuus, ja toisaalta tarve kustannustehokkuuteen, ovat luoneet tarpeen joustaville radiolähetin-vastaanottimille. Mobiilipäätelaitteissa myös koko ja virrankulutus ovat tärkeässä asemassa, asettaen näin omat vaatimuksensa laitteistolle. Tällaisissa rakenteissa analogia-digitaalimuunninten suorituskykyä on pitkään pidetty pullonkaulana nykyaikaisten digitaalisten signaalinkäsittelytekniikoiden tarjoaman potentiaalin hyödyntämiselle. Tämän seurauksena kvadratuuri ΣΔ-modulaattoriin perustuva analogia-digitaalimuunnos on esitetty lupaavana ratkaisuna. Reaaliseen rakenteeseen perustuvaa vastinetta tehokkaampi kohinanmuokkaus ja parempi sopivuus moderneihin kvadratuurivastaanottimiin, joissa hyödynnetään kompleksista signaalinkäsittelyä jo valmiiksi, tekevät muuntimesta erityisen mielenkiintoisen vaihtoehdon. Tässä diplomityössä esitellään kvadratuuri-ΣΔ-muunnoksen perusperiaatteet ja siihen liittyvät signaalimallit. Tämän lisäksi on myös tärkeää, perustoiminnallisuuden ymmärtämisen lisäksi, tiedostaa todelliseen piiritoteutukseen liittyvät väistämättömät epäideaalisuudet. I/Q prosessointia hyödyntävissä radiolaitteissa yksi tärkeimmistä tämän tyyppisistä ilmiöistä on kahden haaran välinen epäsovitus. Tästä johtuen sovitusongelma kvadratuuri ΣΔ muuntimissa analysoidaan tarkasti ja tietokonesimulaatioilla varmennetut tulokset esitetään tämän diplomityön loppupuolella. Työssä osoitetaan, että yllä mainittu epäsovitus on todellinen huolenaihe, erityisesti voimakkaan häiritsevän signaalin ollessa läsnä peilitaajuudella. Tällainen tilanne saattaa toteutua erityisesti laajakaistaisessa vastaanottimessa, jossa analogista selektiivisyyttä on pyritty vähentämään. Toisaalta analyysi osoittaa, että älykkäästi suunniteltu signaalisiirtofunktio auttaa tehokkaasti poistamaan modulaattorin takaisinkytkentähaarassa sijaitsevan epäsovituksen aiheuttamaa häiriötä. Tällä tavoin syntynyttä vääristymää pystytään vähentämään ilman ylimääräistä elektroniikkaa, jolloin kustannustehokkuudesta, tai muista vaatimuksista ei tarvitse tinkiä. Tämän lisäksi osoitetaan, että signaali- ja kohinakomponenttien toisistaan riippumaton peilaantuminen taajuuden suhteen luo haasteita perinteisille korjausalgoritmeille. Näin ollen kvadratuuri-ΣΔ-modulaattoreiden peilitaajuushäiriön hallitsemiseksi digitaalisen signaalinkäsittelyn keinoin tarvitaan uudenlaisia innovaatioita. Tällä tavoin voitaisiin myös välttää analogisen lisäelektroniikan aiheuttama kustannustehokkuus-, virrankulutus- ja kokovaatimusten vaarantuminen

Quadrature sigma-delta modulators for reconfigurable A/D interface and dynamic spectrum access: analysis, design principles and digital post-processing

In the course of development of wireless communications and its modern applications, such as cloud technologies and increased consumption and sharing of multimedia, the radio spectrum has become increasingly congested. However, temporarily and spatially underused spectrum exists at the same time. For increasing the efficiency of spectrum usage, the concept of dynamic spectrum access (DSA) has been proposed. Ultimately, the DSA principle should be exploited also in cognitive radio (CR) receivers. Herein, this paradigm is approached from the receiver architecture point-of-view, considering software-defined radio (SDR) as a platform for the future DSA and CR devices. Particularly, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) architecture exploiting quadrature ΣΔ modulator (QΣΔM) is studied in detail and proposed as a solution for the A/D interface, being identified as a performance bottleneck in SDRs. By exploiting a complex valued noise transfer function (NTF) enabled by the QΣΔM, the quantization precision of the ADC can be efficiently and flexibly focused on the frequency channels and the signals to be received and detected. At the same time, with a traditional non-noise-shaping ADC, the precision is distributed equally for the whole digitized frequency band containing also noninteresting signals. With a single QΣΔM, it is also possible to design a multiband NTF, allowing reception of multiple noncontiguous frequency channels without parallel receiver chains. Furthermore, with the help of digital control, the QΣΔM response can be reconfigured during operation. These capabilities fit in especially well with the above mentioned DSA and CR schemes, where the temporarily and spatially available channels might be scattered in frequency. From the implementation point-of-view, the effects of inherent implementation inaccuracies in the QΣΔM design need to be thoroughly understood. In this thesis, novel closed-form matrix-algebraic expressions are presented for analyzing the transfer functions of a general multistage QΣΔM with arbitrary number of arbitrary-order stages. Altogether, the signal response of an I/Q mismatched QΣΔM has four components. These are the NTF, an image noise transfer function, a signal transfer function (STF) and an image signal transfer function. The image transfer functions are provoked by the I/Q mismatches and define the frequency profile of the generated mirror-frequency interference (MFI), potentially deteriorating the quality of the received signal. This contribution of the thesis increases the understanding of different QΣΔM structures and allows the designers to study the effects of the implementation inaccuracies in closed form. In order to mitigate the MFI and improve the signal reception, a mirror-frequency rejecting STF design is proposed herein. This design is found to be effective against I/Q mismatches taking place in the feedback branches of the QΣΔM. This is shown with help of the closed-form analysis and confirmed with computer simulations on realistic reception scenarios. When a mismatch location independent MFI suppression is the desired option, it is a logical choice to do this processing in a digital domain, after the whole analog receiver front-end. However, this sets demands for the information to be digitized, i.e., the source of the MFI should be available also in the digital domain. For this purpose, a novel multiband transfer function design is proposed herein. In addition, a QΣΔM specific digital MFI compensation algorithm is developed. The compensation performance is illustrated in practical single- and multiband reception scenarios, considering desired signal bandwidths up to 20 MHz. In the multiband scenario, allowing reception and detection of noncontiguous frequency channels with a single receiver chain, the digital compensation processing is done sub-bandwise, securing reliable functionality also under strongly frequency-selective interference. In the applied single- and multistage QΣΔM architectures, the I/Q mismatches are considered in all the QΣΔM branches as well as in the preceding receiver front-end, modeling the challenging and realistic scenario where the whole receiver chain includes cascaded in-phase/quadrature (I/Q) mismatch sources. As a whole, developing digital MFI compensation is a significant step towards practical receiver implementations with QΣΔM ADCs. In consequence, this allows the exploitation of the multiband and reconfigurability properties. The proposed design can be implemented without additional analog components and is straightforwardly reconfigurable in dynamic signal conditions typical for DSA and CR systems, e.g., in case of frequency hand-off because of a primary user appearance. In addition, the digital post-compensation of the MFI eases the strict demands for the matching of the analog circuits in SDRs

Parallel PWMs Based Fully Digital Transmitter with Wide Carrier Frequency Range

The carrier-frequency (CF) and intermediate-frequency (IF) pulse-width modulators (PWMs) based on delay lines are proposed, where baseband signals are conveyed by both positions and pulse widths or densities of the carrier clock. By combining IF-PWM and precorrected CF-PWM, a fully digital transmitter with unit-delay autocalibration is implemented in 180 nm CMOS for high reconfiguration. The proposed architecture achieves wide CF range of 2 M–1 GHz, high power efficiency of 70%, and low error vector magnitude (EVM) of 3%, with spectrum purity of 20 dB optimized in comparison to the existing designs

A Novel Power-Efficient Wireless Multi-channel Recording System for the Telemonitoring of Electroencephalography (EEG)

This research introduces the development of a novel EEG recording system that is modular, batteryless, and wireless (untethered) with the supporting theoretical foundation in wireless communications and related design elements and circuitry. Its modular construct overcomes the EEG scaling problem and makes it easier for reconfiguring the hardware design in terms of the number and placement of electrodes and type of standard EEG system contemplated for use. In this development, portability, lightweight, and applicability to other clinical applications that rely on EEG data are sought. Due to printer tolerance, the 3D printed cap consists of 61 electrode placements. This recording capacity can however extend from 21 (as in the international 10-20 systems) up to 61 EEG channels at sample rates ranging from 250 to 1000 Hz and the transfer of the raw EEG signal using a standard allocated frequency as a data carrier. The main objectives of this dissertation are to (1) eliminate the need for heavy mounted batteries, (2) overcome the requirement for bulky power systems, and (3) avoid the use of data cables to untether the EEG system from the subject for a more practical and less restrictive setting. Unpredictability and temporal variations of the EEG input make developing a battery-free and cable-free EEG reading device challenging. Professional high-quality and high-resolution analog front ends are required to capture non-stationary EEG signals at microvolt levels. The primary components of the proposed setup are the wireless power transmission unit, which consists of a power amplifier, highly efficient resonant-inductive link, rectification, regulation, and power management units, as well as the analog front end, which consists of an analog to digital converter, pre-amplification unit, filtering unit, host microprocessor, and the wireless communication unit. These must all be compatible with the rest of the system and must use the least amount of power possible while minimizing the presence of noise and the attenuation of the recorded signal A highly efficient resonant-inductive coupling link is developed to decrease power transmission dissipation. Magnetized materials were utilized to steer electromagnetic flux and decrease route and medium loss while transmitting the required energy with low dissipation. Signal pre-amplification is handled by the front-end active electrodes. Standard bio-amplifier design approaches are combined to accomplish this purpose, and a thorough investigation of the optimum ADC, microcontroller, and transceiver units has been carried out. We can minimize overall system weight and power consumption by employing battery-less and cable-free EEG readout system designs, consequently giving patients more comfort and freedom of movement. Similarly, the solutions are designed to match the performance of medical-grade equipment. The captured electrical impulses using the proposed setup can be stored for various uses, including classification, prediction, 3D source localization, and for monitoring and diagnosing different brain disorders. All the proposed designs and supporting mathematical derivations were validated through empirical and software-simulated experiments. Many of the proposed designs, including the 3D head cap, the wireless power transmission unit, and the pre-amplification unit, are already fabricated, and the schematic circuits and simulation results were based on Spice, Altium, and high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) software. The fully integrated head cap to be fabricated would require embedding the active electrodes into the 3D headset and applying current technological advances to miniaturize some of the design elements developed in this dissertation