Guiding paving block porous for blind people

Porous concrete is a simple form of lightweight concrete made by eliminating the use of fine aggregates (sand). That is a mixture of cement, water and coarse aggregate. Use of the guiding paving block porous for blind people is one of the efforts that will be made to overcome the inundation due to water spills from sufficiently high rainfall, providing comfort and safety for users so as not to slip easily due to slippery road surfaces, that will be used must have a measurable value of permeability and porosity to optimize the function of using porous concrete. Guiding paving block porous for blind people are very economical and have a great advantage in absorbing water so the surface is always dry, and can reduce accidents due to slippery roads. Another advantage is that the product is environmentally friendly with handmade, designed using a mixture of plastic bottle waste material can be made apart from the manufacturing process in various shapes and various colors. From the test results it has a strength of 10-15 mpa in the precast age of 28 days with a water absorption capability of up to 10L / m2

Student satisfaction on service quality: a study at Malaysian public university

Students will engage in informal learning outside the lecture hall in addition to the formal learning. The Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) Centre’s for General Studies and Co-curriculum (PPUK) is a division that provides services focused on activities outside the lecture hall. Issues, particularly student satisfaction, become a critical concern for PPUK management as a result of these actions. The crucial element is determining the level of student satisfaction with PPUK's services where students have difficulty carrying out activities outside the lecture hall due to problems with the quality of services supplied by PPUK involving Credited Co-Curricular Courses (KKB) that the university has scheduled. As a result, if the services provided are unsatisfactory, which will have an indirect negative impact on the student's satisfaction as a student. The purpose of this study was to determine students' perceptions of satisfaction with the services provided by PPUK, UTHM based on the SERVQUAL Model's five dimensions (physical evidence, responsive, empathy, guarantee, and trustworthiness). The study is designed in the form of a survey, with data collected via a questionnaire. The researcher focused on UTHM students who registered for KKB in the second semester for this study. To answer the research questions, the data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software to measure the frequency, mean score, t-test, and correlation of each element. Overall, the results show that students are extremely satisfied with the services provided by the PPUK UTHM. Other inferential and regression analyses will be investigated further and improved to the PPUK curriculum

A comparative real-time speed control of PMSM with Fuzzy Logic and ANN based vector controller

This paper presents, analyzed real-time speed control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) under constant load by using Fuzzy Logic (FL) controller and recurrent Artificial Neural Network (ANN) controller. A closed loop PMSM drive system is improved using the mathematical model of the PMSM in Matlab / Simulink. Two types of controllers are used; the first controller is the real-time FL controller and the second controller is a real-time recurrent ANN controller in terms of smoother speed response. Whole drive systems is simulated in Matlab/Simulink program. The simulation results show that the focused ANN controller produce considerable control performance compare to the FL controller on controlling speed reference variation

A Fuzzy Logic Controller Based Vector Control of IPMSM Drives

This paper explores a fuzzy-logic based speed controller of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drive based on vector control. PI controllers were mostly used in a speed control loop based field oriented control of an IPMSM. The fundamentals of fuzzy logic algorithms as related to drive control applications are illustrated. A complete comparison between two tuning algorithms of the classical PI controller and the fuzzy PI controller is explained. A simplified fuzzy logic controller (FLC) for the IPMSM drive has been found to maintain high performance standards with a much simpler and less computation implementation. The Matlab simulink results have been given for different mechanical operating conditions. The simulated results confirmed that the FLC-PI has a lower ripple than the conventional PI controller

Fuzzy logic based online adaptation of current and speed controllers for improved performance of IPMSM drive

Precise torque and speed control of electric motors is a key issue in industries for variable speed drives (VSD). Over the years the induction motors have been widely utilized in industries for VSD applications. However, induction motor has some significant drawbacks like low efficiency, lagging power factor, asynchronous speed, low torque density etc. Nowadays the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) is becoming popular for high performance variable speed drive (HPVSD) due to its high torque-current ratio, large power-weight ratio, high efficiency, high power factor, low noise and robustness as compared to conventional induction and other ac motors. Smooth torque response, fast and precise speed response, quick recovery of torque and speed from any disturbance and parameter insensitivity, robustness in variable speed domain and maintenance free operations are the main concerns for HPVSD. This work proposes a closed loop vector control of an IPMSM drive incorporating two separate fuzzy logic controllers (FLCs). Among them one FLC is designed. to minimize the developed torque ripple by varying online the hysteresis band of the PWM current controller. Another Sugeno type FLC is used to tune the gains of a proportional-integral (PI) controller where the PI controller actually serves as the primary speed controller. Thus, the limitations of traditional PI controllers will be avoided and the performance of the drive system can be improved. A flux controller is also incorporated in such a way that both torque and flux of the motor can be controlled while maintaining current and voltage constraints. The flux controller is designed based on maximum-torque- per-ampere (MTPA) operation below the rated speed and flux weakening operation above the rated speed. Thus, the proposed drive extends the operating speed limits for the motor and enables the effective use of the reluctance torque. In order to verify the performance of the proposed IPMSM drive, first a simulation model is developed using Matlab/Simulink. Then the complete IPMSM drive has been implemented in real-time using digital signal processor (DSP) controller board DS1104 for a laboratory 5 HP motor. The effectiveness of the proposed drive is verified both in simulation and experiment at different operating conditions. In this regard, a performance comparison of the proposed FLC based tuned PI and adapted hysteresis controllers based drive with the conventional PI and fixed bandwidth hysteresis controllers based drive is provided. These comparison results demonstrate the better dynamic response in torque and speed for the proposed IPMSM drive over a wide speed range

New Algorithm for the Smoothing Speed Control of Induction Motor in Electric Car based on Self-Tuning Parameter PID-Fuzzy Logic

Driving system of electric car for low speed has a performance of controller that is not easily set up on large span so it does not give a comfort to passengers. The study has been tested in the bumpy road conditions, by providing disturbances in the motor load, it is to describe the condition of the road. To improve the system performance, the speed and torque controller was applied using Field Oriented Control (FOC) method. In this method, On-Line Proportional Integral Derivative Fuzzy Logic Controller (PID-FLC) is used to give dynamic response to the change of speed and maximum torque on the electric car and this results the smooth movement on every change of car performance both in fast and slow movement when breaking action is taken. Optimization of membership functions in Fuzzy PID controller is required to obtain a new PID parameter values which is done in autotuning in any changes of the input or disturbance. PID parameter tuning in this case using the Ziegler-Nichols method based on frequency response. The mechanism is done by adjusting the PID parameters and the strengthening of the system output. The test results show that the controller Fuzzy Self-Tuning PID appropriate for Electric cars because they have a good response about 0.85% overshoot at to changes in speed and braking of electric cars

Predictive current control in electrical drives: an illustrated review with case examples using a five-phase induction motor drive with distributed windings

The industrial application of electric machines in variable-speed drives has grown in the last decades thanks to the development of microprocessors and power converters. Although three-phase machines constitute the most common case, the interest of the research community has been recently focused on machines with more than three phases, known as multiphase machines. The principal reason lies in the exploitation of their advantages like reliability, better current distribution among phases or lower current harmonic production in the power converter than conventional three-phase ones, to name a few. Nevertheless, multiphase drives applications require the development of complex controllers to regulate the torque (or speed) and flux of the machine. In this regard, predictive current controllers have recently appeared as a viable alternative due to an easy formulation and a high flexibility to incorporate different control objectives. It is found however that these controllers face some peculiarities and limitations in their use that require attention. This work attempts to tackle the predictive current control technique as a viable alternative for the regulation of multiphase drives, paying special attention to the development of the control technique and the discussion of the benefits and limitations. Case examples with experimental results in a symmetrical five-phase induction machine with distributed windings in motoring mode of operation are used to this end