Application of Neural-Like P Systems With State Values for Power Coordination of Photovoltaic/Battery Microgrids

The power coordination control of a photovoltaic/battery microgrid is performed with a novel bio-computing model within the framework of membrane computing. First, a neural-like P system with state values (SVNPS) is proposed for describing complex logical relationships between different modes of Photovoltaic (PV) units and energy storage units. After comparing the objects in the neurons with the thresholds, state values will be obtained to determine the con guration of the SVNPS. Considering the characteristics of PV/battery microgrids, an operation control strategy based on bus voltages of the point of common coupling and charging/discharging statuses of batteries is proposed. At rst, the SVNPS is used to construct the complicated unit working modes; each unit of the microgrid can adjust the operation modes automatically. After that, the output power of each unit is reasonably coordinated to ensure the operation stability of the microgrid. Finally, a PV/battery microgrid, including two PV units, one storage unit, and some loads are taken into consideration, and experimental results show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy and the SVNPS-based power coordination control models

Tolerance Zone-Based Grouping Method for Online Multiple Overtracing Freehand Sketches

Multiple overtracing strokes are common drawing behaviors in freehand sketching; that is, additional strokes are often drawn repeatedly over the existing ones to add more details. This paper proposes a method based on stroke-tolerance zones to group multiple overtraced strokes which are drawn to express a 2D primitive, aiming to convert online freehand sketches into 2D line drawings, which is a base for further 3D reconstruction. Firstly, after the user inputs a new stroke, a tolerance zone around the stroke is constructed by reference to its polygonal approximation points obtained from the stroke preprocessing. Then, the input strokes are divided into stroke groups, each representing a primitive through the stroke grouping process based on the overtraced ratio of two strokes. At last, each stroke group is fitted into one or more 2D geometric primitives including line segments, polylines, ellipses, and arcs. The proposed method groups two strokes together based on their screen-space proximity directly instead of classifying and fitting them firstly, so that it can group strokes of arbitrary shapes. A sketch-recognition prototype system has been implemented to test the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results showed that the proposed method could support online multiple overtracing freehand sketching with no limitation on drawing sequence, but it only deals with strokes with relatively high overtraced ratio

MATLAB

A well-known statement says that the PID controller is the "bread and butter" of the control engineer. This is indeed true, from a scientific standpoint. However, nowadays, in the era of computer science, when the paper and pencil have been replaced by the keyboard and the display of computers, one may equally say that MATLAB is the "bread" in the above statement. MATLAB has became a de facto tool for the modern system engineer. This book is written for both engineering students, as well as for practicing engineers. The wide range of applications in which MATLAB is the working framework, shows that it is a powerful, comprehensive and easy-to-use environment for performing technical computations. The book includes various excellent applications in which MATLAB is employed: from pure algebraic computations to data acquisition in real-life experiments, from control strategies to image processing algorithms, from graphical user interface design for educational purposes to Simulink embedded systems