Aggregation, non-contradiction ans excluded-middle

This paper investigates the satisfaction of the Non-Contradiction (NC) and Excluded-Middle (EM) laws within the domain of aggregation operators. It provides characterizations both for those aggregation operators that satisfy NC/EM with respect to (w.r.t.) some given strong negation, as well as for those satisfying them w.r.t. any strong negation. The results obtained are applied to some of the most important known classes of aggregation operators

The Combination of Paradoxical, Uncertain, and Imprecise Sources of Information based on DSmT and Neutro-Fuzzy Inference

The management and combination of uncertain, imprecise, fuzzy and even paradoxical or high conflicting sources of information has always been, and still remains today, of primal importance for the development of reliable modern information systems involving artificial reasoning. In this chapter, we present a survey of our recent theory of plausible and paradoxical reasoning, known as Dezert-Smarandache Theory (DSmT) in the literature, developed for dealing with imprecise, uncertain and paradoxical sources of information. We focus our presentation here rather on the foundations of DSmT, and on the two important new rules of combination, than on browsing specific applications of DSmT available in literature. Several simple examples are given throughout the presentation to show the efficiency and the generality of this new approach. The last part of this chapter concerns the presentation of the neutrosophic logic, the neutro-fuzzy inference and its connection with DSmT. Fuzzy logic and neutrosophic logic are useful tools in decision making after fusioning the information using the DSm hybrid rule of combination of masses.Comment: 20 page

Solving Generalized Equations with Bounded Variables and Multiple Residuated Operators

This paper studies the resolution of sup-inequalities and sup-equations with bounded variables such that the sup-composition is defined by using different residuated operators of a given distributive biresiduated multi-adjoint lattice. Specifically, this study has analytically determined the whole set of solutions of such sup-inequalities and sup-equations. Since the solvability of these equations depends on the character of the independent term, the resolution problem has been split into three parts distinguishing among the bottom element, join-irreducible elements and join-decomposable elements

Vagueness, Logic and Use: Four Experimental Studies on Vagueness

Although arguments for and against competing theories of vagueness often appeal to claims about the use of vague predicates by ordinary speakers, such claims are rarely tested. An exception is Bonini et al. (1999), who report empirical results on the use of vague predicates by Italian speakers, and take the results to count in favor of epistemicism. Yet several methodological difficulties mar their experiments; we outline these problems and devise revised experiments that do not show the same results. We then describe three additional empirical studies that investigate further claims in the literature on vagueness: the hypothesis that speakers confuse ‘P’ with ‘definitely P’, the relative persuasiveness of different formulations of the inductive premise of the Sorites, and the interaction of vague predicates with three different forms of negatio