Improving Performance of Opportunistic Routing Protocol using Fuzzy Logic for Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks in Highways

Vehicular ad hoc networks are an emerging technology with an extensive capability in various applications including vehicles safety, traffic management and intelligent transportation systems. Considering the high mobility of vehicles and their inhomogeneous distributions, designing an efficient routing protocol seems necessary. Given the fact that a road is crowded at some sections and is not crowded at the others, the routing protocol should be able to dynamically make decisions. On the other hand, VANET networks environment is vulnerable at the time of data transmission. Broadcast routing, similar to opportunistic routing, could offer better efficiency compared to other protocols. In this paper, a fuzzy logic opportunistic routing (FLOR) protocol is presented in which the packet rebroadcasting decision-making process is carried out through the fuzzy logic system along with three input parameters of packet advancement, local density, and the number of duplicated delivered packets. The rebroadcasting procedures use the value of these parameters as inputs to the fuzzy logic system to resolve the issue of multicasting, considering the crowded and sparse zones. NS-2 simulator is used for evaluating the performance of the proposed FLOR protocol in terms of packet delivery ratio, the end-to-end delay, and the network throughput compared with the existing protocols such as: FLOODING, P-PERSISTENCE and FUZZBR. The performance comparison also emphasizes on effective utilization of the resources. Simulations on highway environment show that the proposed protocol has a better QoS efficiency compared to the above published methods in the literature

Hierarchical wireless framework for real-time collaborative generation and distribution of telemetry data

This project introduces a novel multidisciplinary approach combining Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks and Granular Computing, to the data processing and information generation problem in large urban traffic systems. It addresses the challenge of realtime information generation and dissemination in such systems by designing and investigating a hierarchical real-time information framework. The research work is complemented by designing and developing a simulator for such a system, which provides a simulation environment for the model developed. The proposed multidisciplinary hierarchical real-time information processing and dissemination system framework utilises results from two different areas of study, which are Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETS) and Granular Computing concepts. Furthermore, a new geographically constrained VANET topology for information generation is proposed, simulated and investigated

Fuzzy-Based Distributed Protocol for Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication

This paper modeled the multihop data-routing in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks(VANET) as Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) in four steps. First, the criteria which have an impact on the performance of the network layer are captured and transformed into fuzzy sets. Second, the fuzzy sets are characterized by Fuzzy Membership Functions(FMF) which are interpolated based on the data collected from massive experimental simulations. Third, the Analytical Hierarchy Process(AHP) is exploited to identify the relationships among the criteria. Fourth, multiple fuzzy rules are determined and, the TSK inference system is employed to infer and aggregate the final forwarding decision. Through integrating techniques of MCDM, FMF, AHP, and TSK, we designed a distributed and opportunistic data routing protocol, namely, VEFR (Vehicular Environment Fuzzy Router) which targets V2V (vehicle-to-vehicle) communication and runs in two main processes, Road Segment Selection(RSS) and Relay Vehicle Selection(RVS). RSS is intended to select multiple successive junctions through which the packets should travel from the source to the destination, while RVS process is intended to select relay vehicles within the selected road segment. The experimental results showed that our protocol performs and scales well with both network size and density, considering the combined problem of end-to-end packet delivery ratio and end-to-end latency

Named Data Networking in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks: State-of-the-Art and Challenges

International audienceInformation-Centric Networking (ICN) has been proposed as one of the future Internet architectures. It is poised to address the challenges faced by today's Internet that include, but not limited to, scalability, addressing, security, and privacy. Furthermore, it also aims at meeting the requirements for new emerging Internet applications. To realize ICN, Named Data Networking (NDN) is one of the recent implementations of ICN that provides a suitable communication approach due to its clean slate design and simple communication model. There are a plethora of applications realized through ICN in different domains where data is the focal point of communication. One such domain is Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) realized through Vehicular Ad hoc NETwork (VANET) where vehicles exchange information and content with each other and with the infrastructure. To date, excellent research results have been yielded in the VANET domain aiming at safe, reliable, and infotainment-rich driving experience. However, due to the dynamic topologies, host-centric model, and ephemeral nature of vehicular communication, various challenges are faced by VANET that hinder the realization of successful vehicular networks and adversely affect the data dissemination, content delivery, and user experiences. To fill these gaps, NDN has been extensively used as underlying communication paradigm for VANET. Inspired by the extensive research results in NDN-based VANET, in this paper, we provide a detailed and systematic review of NDN-driven VANET. More precisely, we investigate the role of NDN in VANET and discuss the feasibility of NDN architecture in VANET environment. Subsequently, we cover in detail, NDN-based naming, routing and forwarding, caching, mobility, and security mechanism for VANET. Furthermore, we discuss the existing standards, solutions, and simulation tools used in NDN-based VANET. Finally, we also identify open challenges and issues faced by NDN-driven VANET and highlight future research directions that should be addressed by the research community

Fuzzy Logic Based Geocast Routing in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network

1002-1010The purpose of vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is timely, effectively and efficiently transmission of urgent messages from source to destination. These objectives can be solved effectively with geocast routing approaches in VANETs as the most of the intelligent transportation system (ITS) applications require sending information to the vehicles belonging to a particular geographic region. In this paper an attempt has been made to develop the geocast routing protocols using fuzzy logic. The fuzzy logic routing (FLR) approach is used to implement the protocols. Three membership functions for each input distance, direction, speed and five membership functions for output (chance) with Mamdani fuzzy inference system (FIS) are used. MATLAB R2015a has been used to analyze the performance of developed protocols and compared with other fuzzy routing protocols in terms of PDR and delay. It has been observed that fuzzified geocast protocols developed with FLR approach outperform fuzzy based unicast protocols reported by other authors

SCALABLE AND EFFICIENT VERTICAL HANDOVER DECISION ALGORITHMS IN VEHICULAR NETWORK CONTEXTS

A finales de los años noventa, y al comienzo del nuevo milenio, las redes inalámbricas han evolucionado bastante, pasando de ser sólo una tecnología prometedora para convertirse en un requisito para las actividades cotidianas en las sociedades desarrolladas. La infraestructura de transporte también ha evolucionado, ofreciendo comunicación a bordo para mejorar la seguridad vial y el acceso a contenidos de información y entretenimiento. Los requisitos de los usuarios finales se han hecho dependientes de la tecnología, lo que significa que sus necesidades de conectividad han aumentado debido a los diversos requisitos de las aplicaciones que se ejecutan en sus dispositivos móviles, tales como tabletas, teléfonos inteligentes, ordenadores portátiles o incluso ordenadores de abordo (On-Board Units (OBUs)) dentro de los vehículos. Para cumplir con dichos requisitos de conectividad, y teniendo en cuenta las diferentes redes inalámbricas disponibles, es necesario adoptar técnicas de Vertical Handover (VHO) para cambiar de red de forma transparente y sin necesidad de intervención del usuario. El objetivo de esta tesis es desarrollar algoritmos de decisión (Vertical Handover Decision Algorithms (VHDAs)) eficientes y escalables, optimizados para el contexto de las redes vehiculares. En ese sentido se ha propuesto, desarrollado y probado diferentes algoritmos de decisión basados en la infraestructura disponible en las actuales, y probablemente en las futuras, redes inalámbricas y redes vehiculares. Para ello se han combinado diferentes técnicas, métodos computacionales y modelos matemáticos, con el fin de garantizar una conectividad apropiada, y realizando el handover hacia las redes más adecuadas de manera a cumplir tanto con los requisitos de los usuarios como los requisitos de las aplicaciones. Con el fin de evaluar el contexto, se han utilizado diferentes herramientas para obtener información variada, como la disponibilidad de la red, el estado de la red, la geolocalizaciónMárquez Barja, JM. (2012). SCALABLE AND EFFICIENT VERTICAL HANDOVER DECISION ALGORITHMS IN VEHICULAR NETWORK CONTEXTS [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/17869Palanci