Loop detection and prevention mechanism in multiprotocol label switching

The extended color thread algorithm is based on running a thread hop by hop before the labels are distributed inside a MPLS Cloud Since the path for the data packets is set beforehand, the loop formation occurs at the control path. The shortest paths between selected source and destination have been calculated using Dijkstra\u27s shortest path algorithm and threads are allowed to extend through the routers. With the passage of each next hop, a distributed procedure is executed within the thread, generating a unique color at nodes. This keeps a track on router\u27s control path and at the same time ensures that no loop formation occurs. In loop prevention mode, a router transmits a label mapping, when it rewinds the thread for that particular LSP. Likewise, if a router operates in loop detection mode, it returns a label-mapping message without a thread object, after receiving a colored thread. The scheme is a loop prevention scheme, thus, ensuring loop detection and loop mitigation. The same algorithm is then extended to a proposed MPLS environment with global label space. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

Effective Planning and Analysis of Huawei and Cisco Routers for MPLS Network Design Using Fast Reroute Protection

This chapter deals with a description of the MPLS traffic engineering technology behavior on two heterogeneous, but nowadays the most commonly used network vendors are Cisco and Huawei. Compatibility and functionality between network devices Huawei and Cisco were verified by testing the appropriate network topology. In this topology, we mainly focused on the useful feature of MPLS TE called Fast Reroute (FRR) protection. It provides link protection, node protection and also bandwidth protection during the failure of the primary link, especially on backbone networks. After successful validation, compatibility and functionality of the network topology between the heterogeneous routers using the Fast Reroute protection will be possible to use this MPLS TE application in the real networks

IP and ATM - a position paper

This paper gives a technical overview of different networking technologies, such as the Internet, ATM. It describes different approaches of how to run IP on top of an ATM network, and assesses their potential to be used as an integrated services network

MPLS layer 3 VPN

Trabalho final de mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia de Electrónica e TelecomunicaçõesMultiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) is the principal technology used in Service Provider. Networks as this mechanism forwarding packet quickly. MPLS is a new way to increase the speed, capability and service supplying abilities for optimization of transmission resources. Service Provider networks use this technology to connect different remote sites. MPLS technology provides lower network delay, effective forwarding mechanism, ascendable and predictable performance of the services which makes it more appropriate for carry out real-time applications such as Voice and video. MPLS can be used to transport any type of data whether it is layer 2 data such as frame relay, Ethernet, ATM data etc. or layer 3 data such as IPV4, IPV6.Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) é a principal tecnologia usada no Service Provider. Redes como este mecanismo fazem o encaminhamento de pacotes de dados rapidamente. MPLS é uma nova maneira de aumentar a velocidade, a capacidades de fornecimento, a capacidade de serviço para otimização de recursos de transmissão. As redes Service Provider usam essa tecnologia para ligar diferentes sites remotos. A tecnologia MPLS oferece menor atraso de rede, mecanismo de encaminhamento eficaz, desempenho e serviços previsíveis o que o tornam mais apropriado para executar aplicativos em tempo real, como voz e vídeo. O MPLS pode ser usado para transportar qualquer tipo de dados, seja dados de camada 2, como frame relay, Ethernet, dados ATM, etc., ou dados da camada 3, como IPV4, IPV6.N/

Diseño de una red de transporte de datos implementado MPLS, utilizando el simulador GNS 3 para la interconexión de sitios remotos con su sitio central a través de redes privadas virtuales(VPN)

El trabajo lo realizamos sobre el Sistema Operativo Ubunto con una simulación aplicada en el programa GNS3 (Simulador grafico de redes) elegido por sus propiedades gráficas y capacidad para soportar el IOS (Internetwork Operating System) real de los router, gracias a las bases que tiene en Dynamips, PEMU (incluyendo el encapsulador) y en parte en Dynagen. GNS 3 también utiliza la tecnología SVG para proveer símbolos de alta calidad para la realización de los mágicos diseños de topologías de red. La tecnología MPLS se basa en el análisis del envío de paquetes de una red, usando conmutación de etiquetas, lo cual es la base principal de este protocolo, el manejo que MPLS da a las redes privadas virtuales (VPNs) para la interconexión de sitios remotos con sus sitios centrales al adoptar una VPN MPLS será capaz de reducir complejidad en la administración de la red, aminorar los costos, mejorando el desempeño de la red y obteniendo conectividad universal. La red privada virtual (VPN) es una tecnología de red que permite la extención de una red privada sobre una red de uso pública como lo es el internet. Las VPN basadas en MPLS superan la mayor parte de los inconvenientes de las otras tecnologías de VPN. MPLS opera entre la capa de enlace de datos (capa 2) y la capa de red (capa 3) del modelo OSI, juntando ambas capas y haciendo uso de la velocidad del envío (forwarding) y del control del enrutador (routing), de esta forma logramos la creación de nuestra topología con redes flexibles y escalables, es decir que gracias a este conjunto de herramientas y sus características logramos con éxito nuestra meta

IP and ATM - current evolution for integrated services

Current and future applications make use of different technologies as voice, data, and video. Consequently network technologies need to support them. For many years, the ATM based Broadband-ISDN has generally been regarded as the ultimate networking technology, which can integrate voice, data, and video services. With the recent tremendous growth of the Internet and the reluctant deployment of public ATM networks, the future development of ATM seems to be less clear than it used to be. In the past IP provided (and was though to provide) only best effort services, thus, despite its world wide diffution, was not considered as a network solution for multimedia application. Currently many of the IETF working groups work on areas related to integrated services, and IP is also proposing itself as networking technology for supporting voice, data, and video services. This paper give a technical overview on the competing integrated services network solutions, such as IP, ATM and the different available and emerging technologies on how to run IP over ATM, and tries to identify their potential and shortcomings

Networking vendor strategy and competition and their impact on enterprise network design and implementation

Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; in conjunction with the Leaders for Manufacturing Program at MIT, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 93-99).While a significant amount of literature exists that discuss platform strategies used by general IT vendors, less of it has to do with corporate networking technology vendors specifically. However, many of the same strategic principles that are used to analyze general IT vendors can also be used to analyze networking vendors. This paper extends the platform model that was developed by Michael Cusumano and Annabel Gawer to networking vendors, outlining the unique strategic aspects that the networking market possesses. The paper then reviews the strategy of the first dominant corporate datacom vendor, IBM, how it achieved its dominance, and how it lost it. The paper then discusses the strategies of various vendors who attempted to replace IBM as the dominant networking platform vendor and how they failed to do so. Finally, the paper discusses Cisco Systems, a vendor who did manage to achieve a level of dominance that parallels IBM's, and how that company has utilized its strategy to achieve and maintain its current dominance. Finally, Cisco's current strategic challenges are discussed. The impact of the strategies of the various vendors on the evolution of corporate networking is also discussed.by Ray Fung.S.M.M.B.A

Internet Protocol/MultiProtocol Label Switching (IP/MPLS) Networks

This paper discusses different aspects of Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) networks. In this paper, we first discussed MPLS in detail, the technology was developed to advance the IP network

IP and ATM integration: A New paradigm in multi-service internetworking

ATM is a widespread technology adopted by many to support advanced data communication, in particular efficient Internet services provision. The expected challenges of multimedia communication together with the increasing massive utilization of IP-based applications urgently require redesign of networking solutions in terms of both new functionalities and enhanced performance. However, the networking context is affected by so many changes, and to some extent chaotic growth, that any approach based on a structured and complex top-down architecture is unlikely to be applicable. Instead, an approach based on finding out the best match between realistic service requirements and the pragmatic, intelligent use of technical opportunities made available by the product market seems more appropriate. By following this approach, innovations and improvements can be introduced at different times, not necessarily complying with each other according to a coherent overall design. With the aim of pursuing feasible innovations in the different networking aspects, we look at both IP and ATM internetworking in order to investigating a few of the most crucial topics/ issues related to the IP and ATM integration perspective. This research would also address various means of internetworking the Internet Protocol (IP) and Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) with an objective of identifying the best possible means of delivering Quality of Service (QoS) requirements for multi-service applications, exploiting the meritorious features that IP and ATM have to offer. Although IP and ATM often have been viewed as competitors, their complementary strengths and limitations from a natural alliance that combines the best aspects of both the technologies. For instance, one limitation of ATM networks has been the relatively large gap between the speed of the network paths and the control operations needed to configure those data paths to meet changing user needs. IP\u27s greatest strength, on the other hand, is the inherent flexibility and its capacity to adapt rapidly to changing conditions. These complementary strengths and limitations make it natural to combine IP with ATM to obtain the best that each has to offer. Over time many models and architectures have evolved for IP/ATM internetworking and they have impacted the fundamental thinking in internetworking IP and ATM. These technologies, architectures, models and implementations will be reviewed in greater detail in addressing possible issues in integrating these architectures s in a multi-service, enterprise network. The objective being to make recommendations as to the best means of interworking the two in exploiting the salient features of one another to provide a faster, reliable, scalable, robust, QoS aware network in the most economical manner. How IP will be carried over ATM when a commercial worldwide ATM network is deployed is not addressed and the details of such a network still remain in a state of flux to specify anything concrete. Our research findings culminated with a strong recommendation that the best model to adopt, in light of the impending integrated service requirements of future multi-service environments, is an ATM core with IP at the edges to realize the best of both technologies in delivering QoS guarantees in a seamless manner to any node in the enterprise