2,826 research outputs found
Assessing Interaction Networks with Applications to Catastrophe Dynamics and Disaster Management
In this paper we present a versatile method for the investigation of
interaction networks and show how to use it to assess effects of indirect
interactions and feedback loops. The method allows to evaluate the impact of
optimization measures or failures on the system. Here, we will apply it to the
investigation of catastrophes, in particular to the temporal development of
disasters (catastrophe dynamics). The mathematical methods are related to the
master equation, which allows the application of well-known solution methods.
We will also indicate connections of disaster management with excitable media
and supply networks. This facilitates to study the effects of measures taken by
the emergency management or the local operation units. With a fictious, but
more or less realistic example of a spreading epidemic disease or a wave of
influenza, we illustrate how this method can, in principle, provide decision
support to the emergency management during such a disaster. Similar
considerations may help to assess measures to fight the SARS epidemics,
although immunization is presently not possible
Modelling polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells for dynamic reliability assessment
Tackling climate change is arguably the biggest challenge humanity faces in the 21st century. Rising average global temperatures threaten to destabilize the fragile ecosystem of the Earth and bring unprecedented changes to human lives if nothing is done to prevent it. This phenomenon is caused by the anthropogenic greenhouse effect due to the increasing atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2). One way to avert the disaster is to drastically reduce the consumption of fossil fuels in all spheres of human activities, including transportation. To do this, research and development of electric vehicles (EVs) to make them more efficient, reliable and accessible is essential. [Continues.
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